Abstract: Described herein is an apparatus for the synthesis of ammonia from a synthesis gas containing N2 and H2, comprising at least one first reactor. The apparatus comprises a first non-cooled catalyst bed unit, at least one heat exchanger apparatus, and at least two cooled catalyst bed units. Each cooled catalyst bed unit is equipped with a plurality of cooling pipes. The apparatus further comprises a circuit line having at least one feed apparatus and at least one outlet apparatus, wherein the circuit line, starting from the feed apparatus, comprises in consecutive downstream arrangement the plurality of cooling pipes, the first non-cooled catalyst bed unit, the at least one heat exchanger apparatus, and the at least two cooled catalyst bed units up to the outlet apparatus.

Abstract: Described herein is an apparatus for the synthesis of ammonia from a synthesis gas containing N2 and H2, comprising at least one first reactor. The apparatus comprises a first non-cooled catalyst bed unit, at least one heat exchanger apparatus, and at least two cooled catalyst bed units. Each cooled catalyst bed unit is equipped with a plurality of cooling pipes. The apparatus further comprises a circuit line having at least one feed apparatus and at least one outlet apparatus, wherein the circuit line, starting from the feed apparatus, comprises in consecutive downstream arrangement the plurality of cooling pipes, the first non-cooled catalyst bed unit, the at least one heat exchanger apparatus, and the at least two cooled catalyst bed units up to the outlet apparatus.

Abstract: Ammonia is produced from a synthesis gas containing nitrogen and hydrogen on a granular catalyst in at least one reactor at pressures in the range from 50 to 300 bar and temperatures in the range from 100 to 600° C. A product mixture containing NH3 vapor is withdrawn from the reactor, is cooled, and ammonia is condensed and separated. There is obtained a recycle gas to which fresh synthesis gas is admixed, the recycle gas being recirculated to the reactor as synthesis gas. Unreacted synthesis gas is passed through a first catalyst bed free of cooling tubes and subsequently as partly reacted synthesis gas with an NH3 content of 5 to 20 vol-% as heating fluid through a heat exchanger. Partly reacted synthesis gas is passed through at least one further catalyst bed, through which extend cooling tubes. Unreacted synthesis gas is passed as cooling gas through the cooling tubes of the further catalyst bed, and cooling gas heated to 300 to 500° C. is introduced into the first catalyst bed.