Abstract: A mobile terminal and its methods of use are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a mobile terminal for enabling radio communications includes a common reference device, frequency conversion circuitry, and pilot tracking circuitry and/or signal tracking circuitry. The common reference device provides a common reference signal for frequency conversions. The frequency conversion circuitry uses the common reference signal from the common reference device to perform a frequency conversion of incoming or outgoing communications. The pilot tracking circuitry determines a frequency error based on a frequency of a received pilot signal and causes an adjustment to the frequency conversion performed by the frequency conversion circuitry based on the frequency error. The signal tracking circuitry determines a frequency error signal based on the frequency of an incoming communication signal and causes an adjustment to the frequency conversion performed by the frequency conversion circuitry based on the frequency error.

Abstract: A mobile terminal and its methods of use are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a mobile terminal for enabling radio communications includes a common reference device, frequency conversion circuitry, and pilot tracking circuitry and/or signal tracking circuitry. The common reference device provides a common reference signal for frequency conversions. The frequency conversion circuitry uses the common reference signal from the common reference device to perform a frequency conversion of incoming or outgoing communications. The pilot tracking circuitry determines a frequency error based on a frequency of a received pilot signal and causes an adjustment to the frequency conversion performed by the frequency conversion circuitry based on the frequency error. The signal tracking circuitry determines a frequency error signal based on the frequency of an incoming communication signal and causes an adjustment to the frequency conversion performed by the frequency conversion circuitry based on the frequency error.

Abstract: A telecommunications terminal includes a memory and a processor programmed to execute instructions stored in the memory. The instructions include determining an estimate of a link attenuation of a first communication link while receiving a channel and applying the estimate of the link attenuation to a second communication link after transitioning to the second communication link.

Abstract: A telecommunications terminal includes a memory and a processor programmed to execute instructions stored in the memory. The instructions include determining an estimate of a link attenuation of a first communication link while receiving a channel and applying the estimate of the link attenuation to a second communication link after transitioning to the second communication link.

Abstract: A copolymer, in particular a dispersing agent for hydraulically setting systems, includes at least three structural units S1, S2, S3 and optionally a further structural unit S4.

Abstract: A copolymer, in particular a dispersing agent for hydraulically setting systems, includes at least three structural units S1, S2, S3 and optionally a further structural unit S4.

Abstract: Described are polymers and cement admixtures which reduce drop in fluidity with time. Said admixture comprises at least one polymer of the present invention and at least one polymer A. The polymer of the present invention comprises side chains of which at least 10 weight-% can be cleaved in alkaline medium. The polymer of the present invention is an acrylic polymer which comprises side chains connected to the backbone by ester linkages. These side chains may be alkyl, hydroxy alkyl, cycloalkyl or polyoxyalkylene groups. Polymer A is a cement dispersing agent. The combination of polymer A with the polymer of the present invention in a weight ratio of 0.1:10-10:1, and preferably 1:10-10:1 reduces the drop in fluidity with time of cementitious compositions.

Abstract: Described are polymers and cement admixtures which reduce drop in fluidity with time. Said admixture comprises at least one polymer of the present invention and at least one polymer A. The polymer of the present invention comprises side chains of which at least 10 weight-% can be cleaved in alkaline medium. The polymer of the present invention is an acrylic polymer which comprises side chains connected to the backbone by ester linkages. These side chains may be alkyl, hydroxy alkyl, cycloalkyl or polyoxyalkylene groups. Polymer A is a cement dispersing agent. The combination of polymer A with the polymer of the present invention in a weight ratio of 0.1:10–10:1, and preferably 1:10–10:1 reduces the drop in fluidity with time of cementitious compositions.

Abstract: Polymers for cement dispersing admixtures, which show different performing properties in concrete are described. All polymers are based on a composition of reactants, namely a) a poly(acrylic acid), b) a polyalkyleneglycol-monoalkylether and, optionally c) a ?-amino-polyalkylene-glycol-?-alkylether and/or d) a primary or secondary amine. By keeping the composition of reactants constant and varying only the reaction time, polymers with different properties can easily be achieved. Such polymers are suitable for pre-cast, readymix or for increasing workability over time, just depending on reaction time. Polymers of the invention can be used as single polymer or in polymer blends. For this, the kinetics of the used polymer analogous condensation reaction was intensively studied. Additionally, the benefit of amines as reactant regarding stability and hydrolysis velocity of cleavable side groups was investigated.

Abstract: A multipurpose cement dispersing, shrinkage compensating and anticorrosive polymer and an admixture comprising said polymer, which improve the workability and the early strength development of fresh concrete, are described. Said polymer is an ester- and amid group-modified acrylic polymer, obtainable by aqueous solution radical copolymerization of (1) acrylic or methacrylic acid with (2) an acrylic or methacrylic methoxy-polyalkyleneglycolester monomer having 2 to 300 moles of an oxyalkylene group each having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, (3) optionally an acrylic or methacrylic methoxy-polyalkyleneglycolamide monomer having 2 to 300 moles of an oxyalkylene group each having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, (4) an acrylic or methacrylic ester of a tertiary aminoalkanol and (5) optionally an acrylic amide of a primary or secondary aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic amine.

Abstract: A new category of multi-purpose polymers is presented, the polymers being capable to serve as a cement dispersing agent and which at the same time are set-accelerating and do have shrinkage reducing- and anticorrosive properties to steel. The polymers are ester and amide group-modified acrylic polymers, obtainable by a polymer analogous esterification of a polyacrylic acid with 1) a monofunctional polyalkyleneglycol-monoalkylether, 2) a tertiary alkanolamine and optionally 3) by amidation with a amino-polyalkylenglycol alkylether. The multi-purpose polymers serve for cement dispersing admixture for concrete with set accelerating, shrinkage compensating and anticorrosive properties to steel.