Abstract: A method for the continuous casting of a metal strand in a continuous casting installation, in which, in a casting machine, the metal formed into a slab, with a still molten core, is brought out vertically from a mold, wherein, downstream of the mold in the conveying direction, the slab is made to move along a casting bow, through a number of casting bow segments, and is deflected into the horizontal, wherein each casting bow segment has a number of segment rollers, which are designed for coming into contact with the surface of the slab. In the region before the end of the casting machine, a number of segment rollers are lifted off from the surface of the slab, or are not installed in receptacles provided, and so the contact between the slab and the segment roller is interrupted or there is no contact.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tubular bag machine for filling a product into bags (9), comprising a vertical filling tube (2), a transverse sealing unit (3), a control unit (4) for controlling the tubular bag machine, and a sensor device (5) for detecting the product in the filling tube (2), which is designed to detect the product falling through the filling tube (2), wherein the sensor device (5) has a sensor (51) for emitting electromagnetic waves, and which is connected to the control unit (4), wherein the electromagnetic waves emitted by the sensor (51) remain in a detection space (E) which is confined to one region at the filling tube (2).

Abstract: A method for lubricating rolls, especially work rolls of a rolling stand, and rolling stock passed between the rolls during the rolling operation, in which a lubricant-gas mixture, a lubricant-water-gas mixture, a lubricant-water mixture and/or a grease-medium mixture is applied to the rolls or the rolling stock on the run-in side of the rolling stand, wherein the mixture is prepared with at least one mixing device in the area upstream of the rolling stand.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a finishing train for hot-rolling starting material. Starting material is finished in several successive roll stands (110 n) in the finishing train, the material cooling off because of heat loss. The material has to be reheated in order for the temperature of the material not to drop below the predefined lower threshold temperature value at low speeds within and at the discharge end of the finishing train. In order to use as little energy as possible for said reheating process, the reheating process within the finishing train is carried out for the first time only when the temperature of the material risks falling below the lower threshold temperature value for the first time relative to the direction of flow of the material because of heat loss.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rolling mill for producing metal strips, preferably steel for tubes and/or thin strip, in which the temperature control can be influenced between the finish stands Fi and Fi+1 using a rapid heating device (induction heater), characterized in that the distance between the stands Fi and Fi+1, between which a rapid heating device is arranged, is 5 to 25 m, and in addition to an induction heater, a roller flattening unit (for example, roller leveler 14), and/or shears 8, and/or a driving roller pair 12, and/or a descaling sprayer 15 are arranged as additional units between the two stands. The roll stand Fi and/or regions in front of the roll stand Fi further comprise actuators for influencing the strip warping and/or strip ski-up/-down at the strip head.

Abstract: Energy is recovered from steel products produced in a steel mill where the products are transported into a storage area by first extracting heat from the steel products prior to or after transport into the storage area by heat exchangers for a predetermined period in which residual heat of the steel products is transferred by the heat exchangers into a heat-transfer medium to heat same. The heated transfer medium is then transferred via heat-transfer transport lines for power generation or for direct use of the process heat in other heat consumers. This transport of the heat-transfer medium from the heat exchangers to the power-generating plant in the heat-transfer transport lines is carried out only at pump feed pressure or using as a heat-transfer medium liquid mineral or synthetic thermal oil or a salt melt so as not to build up a steam pressure above 2 bar.

Abstract: A method is described for determining information about a rotational speed of a compressor, in particular a turbocharger, by providing a measuring signal, in particular a microwave measuring signal, which is directed at a compressor impeller of the compressor, so that the measuring signal is reflected on revolving blades of the compressor impeller, detecting the measuring signal reflected by one or more blades, and determining the information about the rotational speed as a function of the reflected measuring signal.

Abstract: A method and a device for producing a metal strip by continuous casting and rolling, in which a thin slab is initially cast into a casting machine, and is subsequently rolled in at least one rolling train using primary heat from the casting cycle. The cast thin slab is passed between the casting machine and the at least one rolling train and at least one holding oven as well as at least one induction oven. The holding oven and the induction oven are activated or deactivated according to a selected mode of operation, that is, a first mode of operation for the continuous production of the metal strip and a second mode of operation for the discontinuous production of the metal strip.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a steel strip (1) including a) providing a functional relationship in a machine controller (8) between a slab casting speed (v) or the mass flow as a product of casting speed and strip thickness or as a product of strip speed and strip thickness and the strip temperature (t) downstream of the last rolling stand (7) for a different number (n) of active rolling stands (7) and different final thicknesses, b) determining or specifying the casting speed (v) or the mass flow (v×H) and feeding the determined value into the machine controller (8), and c) determining the optimum number of active rolling stands (7) and the final thicknesses and thickness reductions which can be rolled with them in the rolling train using the functional profiles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reclaiming energy in smelting systems by utilizing residual heat of a system component and/or a warm product (1). In order to be able to reclaim energy in a technically simple manner at a good level of efficiency, according to the invention, a heat flow (dQ/dt) is allowed to flow from a system component and/or warm product (1) having a first temperature level (T1) to a location having a second, lower temperature level (T2), wherein a thermocouple (2) is disposed in the area between the two temperature levels (T1, T2), by means of which electrical energy is obtained directly, utilizing the heat flow (dQ/dt). The invention further relates to a smelting system.

Abstract: The roll gap in a rolling stand for rolled strips is lubricated by feeding water via at least a first feed line and oil via at least a second feed line to at least one mixer, mixing the water and the oil in the mixer, feeding the mixture of water and oil to a sprayer, and spraying the mixture from the sprayer onto at least one work roll or backup roll of the rolling stand. To clean the roll gap hot water or steam is fed via at least one third feed line to one of the first and second feed lines or to the mixer at defined time intervals or as a function of a status of the rolling process while a roll of the rolling stand is being changed.

Abstract: A continuous-casting unit produces a longitudinally extending and traveling strand having a solid shell and a liquid core. A strand-guiding apparatus has a plurality of longitudinally spaced section frames and respective pairs of roller assemblies carried on the frames and transversely flanking and bearing transversely on the strand. Each pair forms a gap through which the strand passes, and each roller assembly is formed by two aligned subrollers. A respective center is provided bearing between the subrollers of each roller assembly and bracing inner ends of the respective subrollers transversely against the respective frame. Respective outer rollers at outer ends of the subrollers of each roller assembly brace the respective outer ends transversely against the respective frame. The subrollers are shaped or supported on the respective frame such that in an unloaded condition the gap is transversely narrower at the center bearing than at the outer bearing.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for making a thin hot strip (1) by roll casting in a continuous process, comprising a casting machine (2) in which first a thin slab (3) is cast, at least one rolling train (4, 5) downstream of the casting machine (2) and in which the thin slab (3) is rolled using the primary heat of the casting process, and a plurality of finish-rolling stands (7) that, relative to a travel direction (F) of the strip (1), are arranged in a downstream region (6) and that can roll the strip (1) with work rolls (8) to a final thickness. To improve the manufacture of a thin hot strip in the continuous process, the invention provides that the work rolls (8) of the finish-rolling stands (7) have a low-wear roll surface. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method of making a thin hot strip (1) by roll casting in a continuous process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of making microalloyed steel, in particular a pipe steel, wherein a cast slab (1) passes through an installation (2) having a casting machine (3), a first furnace (4), at least one roughing roll stand (5), a second furnace (6), at least one finishing roll stand (7), and a cooling line (8) in this order in the travel direction (F) of the slab (1).

Abstract: In hot strip plants, after casting, the residual heat of a partial quantity of the slabs has hitherto been used such that the slabs either are directly rolled or are placed warm or hot in the furnace. The remaining slabs normally cool after casting in a hall through which flows air and are stacked before their further transport. The same applies to the residual heat present in the coils after winding, which often cool in the coil-storage area in air. The cooling energy of the continuous-casting plant likewise escapes unused into the surroundings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for processing a slab (1) in a device, which comprises at least one furnace (2), at least one processing device (3, 4) arranged downstream of the furnace (2) in the conveying direction (F) of the slab (1), and a rolling train (5) arranged downstream of the at least one processing device (3, 4) in the conveying direction (F) of the slab (1), wherein means (6, 7) are provided, by means of which a force can be applied to the sides (8, 9) of the slab (1) in order to move the axis (10) of the slab (1) in agreement with a specified position transversely to the conveying direction (F) of the slab (1), in particular in accordance with the axis (11) of the rolling train (5).

Abstract: A machine tool protection apparatus, for a machine tool, that is provided for monitoring of a protection region associated with a tool, including a first sensor unit that is provided for reception of a first protection signal. The machine tool protection apparatus further includes at least one second sensor unit that is provided for reception of a second protection signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing strips (1) of steel, preferably of silicon steel, in particular of grain-oriented silicon steel or of multiphase steel in which a slab (3) is initially cast in a casting machine (2), wherein this is then rolled in at least one roll train (4, 5) to form strip (1) and wherein before and/or after the at least one roll train (4, 5), the slab is heated in at least one furnace (6, 7).

Abstract: A continuous-casting unit produces a longitudinally extending and traveling strand having a solid shell and a liquid core. A strand-guiding apparatus has a plurality of longitudinally spaced section frames and respective pairs of roller assemblies carried on the frames and transversely flanking and bearing transversely on the strand. Each pair forms a gap through which the strand passes, and each roller assembly is formed by two aligned subrollers. A respective center is provided bearing between the subrollers of each roller assembly and bracing inner ends of the respective subrollers transversely against the respective frame. Respective outer rollers at outer ends of the subrollers of each roller assembly brace the respective outer ends transversely against the respective frame. The subrollers are shaped or supported on the respective frame such that in an unloaded condition the gap is transversely narrower at the center bearing than at the outer bearing.

Abstract: To accomplish the object of providing a method of and an apparatus for optimally cooling the rolls of a roll stand, where energy considerations, such as the minimization of necessary cooling fluid flow and cooling fluid pressure, and incident design and manufacturing costs, must be taken into account, the invention proposes that the rolls are cooled with a combination of high- and low-pressure cooling.