Abstract: In the case of the method, an analysis is performed by using values of at least one process parameter of the manufacturing process of the physical object and, as a result of the analysis, when they satisfy a prescribed selection criterion, physical objects are marked in such a way that the associated physical objects can be taken as a random sample for the monitoring of the manufacturing process.

Abstract: In the case of the method for the computer-aided monitoring of process parameters of a manufacturing process of a physical object, object data which identify the physical object are assigned to various hierarchical levels, object data of various hierarchical levels are grouped to form hierarchical object data records, limit values for at least one process parameter are stored and respectively assigned to a hierarchical object data record, process data of the at least one process parameter, measured during the manufacture of physical objects, are stored and the hierarchical object data records corresponding to the object data are determined for physical objects manufactured.

Abstract: In the case of a method for monitoring of a manufacturing process of a plurality of physical objects, several rules which relate to at least one status of at least one of the plurality of physical objects are stored. Furthermore, in the case of the method, a sample is selected from the plurality of physical objects by using the several rules, with physical objects of the sample being marked in such a way that they can be subjected to a measurement, the rules being formed on the basis of the criterion that the number of measurements is reduced and redundant measurements are avoided, and it being possible in the case of the method for the several rules to be combined with one another and checked against one another.

Abstract: In the case of a method for the computer-aided monitoring and controlling of a manufacturing process of a plurality of physical objects, the physical objects are subjected to at least one manufacturing step and at least one of the processed physical objects is marked according to a deterministic selection criterion in such a way that it can be subjected to a test measurement. Furthermore, the manufacturing process is controlled on the basis of the result of the test measurement of the marked object.