Abstract: Apparatus is provided for overbasing a petroleum sulfonate in a multi-vessel reaction system in which a first reactor is a plug flow reactor in which a feedstock is fed in the top of the first reactor with carbon dioxide fed near the bottom of the first reactor and with the product of the first reactor passed to a second reactor that is a continuous stirred tank reactor for additional reaction with carbon dioxide. Optionally, the continuous stirred tank reactor is the first in a series of continuous stirred tank reactors with passing a product effluent seriatim through the series of reactors and recovery of product from the last reactor in the series.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for overbasing a petroleum sulfonate in a multi-vessel reaction system in which the first reactor is a plug flow reactor in which a feedstock of lime, lube oil, petroleum sulfonate, naphtha, and methanol is fed into the top of a vertical reactor with carbon dioxide in an amount of about 5 to about 10 percent by volume of the total CO.sub.2 used in the process is fed near the bottom of the reactor above the reaction product outlet which is then passed to at least one continuous stirred tank reactor for additional reaction with carbon dioxide in an amount in a range of about 95 to about 90 percent by volume of the total CO.sub.2 used in the process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the production of overbased petroleum sulfonate in which CO.sub.2 is contacted at reaction conditions with a reaction mixture of petroleum sulfonate, lube oil, Ca(OH).sub.2, MeOH, and naphtha in the vapor space at the vortex surface of a stirred tank vortex reactor.

Abstract: Lubricating oils are protected against oxidation by the addition of a stabilizing amount of at least one n-alkyl substituted 2-thiazoline disulfide.

Abstract: The reaction product of an olefin, sulfur or sulfur-yielding compound, an amine and a molybdenum compound is a highly effective lubricant additive providing friction modification, antioxidant activity and dispersancy.

Abstract: An effective amount of polyisobutylene effectively reduces polymerization and cross-linking reactions resulting in molecular weight and viscosity increase during production of dispersant viscosity index improvers by the amination and/or sulfurization of polyethylene containing polymers.

Abstract: An effective amount of polyisobutylene effectively reduces polymerization and cross-linking reactions resulting in molecular weight and viscosity increase during production of dispersant viscosity index improvers by the amination and/or sulfurization of polyethylene containing polymers.

Abstract: Processes for the production of aminated sulfurized olefins are improved by performing the reaction in the presence of a tar and charred reaction byproduct reducing amount of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal compound.

Abstract: Corrosive wear caused by aminated sulfurized olefins can be reduced by reaction of the aminated sulfurized olefine with a boron compound and formaldehyde.

Abstract: Improved dispersants are prepared by oxidizing an olefin and reacting the oxidized olefin with sulfur or a sulfur-yielding compound and an amine.

Abstract: The product of the reaction of an amine, an olefin and sulfur trioxide, or sulfur trioxide complex, is an effective ashless antistatic agent for hydrocarbons. A small amount of the antistatic agent, when added to hydrocarbons, increases the conductivity of the hydrocarbon. The increased conductivity of the hydrocarbon conducts away any static charges that may be generated on the hydrocarbon and thus prevents the buildup of the static charges. The antistatic additive is represented by the general formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbon group of less than 24 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is hydrocarbon group with less than 18 carbons, or ammonia.