Abstract: The liquid elicitor of chitin and chitosan and micronutrient trace elements of the present invention involves induced systemic resistance (ISR)/innate immunity responses within plants. Dilute solutions are applied to propagules (fractions of microgram per seed and/or plant), which causes natural biotic defense responses by seedlings and/or plants. The application may be as seed coating, irrigation water, and/or foliar spray, wherein propagules bioactivate systemic disease defenses against bacteria, fungi, insects and parasitic nematodes. Benefits include enhanced biocontrol of seed viability, seed germination, seedling vigor, plant growth, flowering and harvest yields for legumes, grains, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, trees, sugar beet, and grass. By nature, this homeopathic invention benefits the entire environment by being natural, biodegradable, and by promoting beneficial soil organisms.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: is disclosed as an HIV protease inhibitor. Methods and compositions for inhibiting an HIV infection are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process to make lestaurtinib, also known as (9S-(9?,10?,12?))-2,3,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-10-hydroxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)-9-methyl-9,12-epoxy-1H-diindolo[1,2,3-fg:3?,2?,1?-kl]pyrrolo[3,4-i][1,6]benzodiazocin-1-one is disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining when plants require watering, and methods of attending to the watering of plants including signaling the grower that the plants are in need of hydration are provided. The novel methods include real-time measurement of plant metabolics and phytometric physiology changes of intrinsic physical or behavioral traits within the plant such as determining physiological flux measurement of enzyme flux due to environmental changes such as the wind and drought stress, soil and plant mineral deficiencies, or the interaction with a bio-control for organic disease control including, cell movement, signal transduction, internal chemical processes and external environmental processes including when plants require watering, and methods of attending to the watering of plants including signaling the grower that the plants are in need of hydration.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (II): known as: 5-{6-[(3R)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yloxy]pyridazin-3-yl}-1-H-indole salt with (2R, 3R)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (1:1).

Abstract: A liquid micronutirent elicitor involving a cell to cell signal transduction system within a plant which is applied to propagules (seed and/or plant) causes natural defensive responses to be produced by the seed and/or plant. This substance may exist as a seed coating, irrigation water, and/or foliar spray for a period of time so that the propagules may have enhanced disease control until the propagule develops sufficiently to fend for itself against parasitic nematodes. The benefits of incorporating the solution include increased vigor, blooms, and harvests. Crops include legumes including soybeans, as well as wheat, canola, corn, peanuts, sunflowers, peppers, tomatoes, grapes, and potatoes.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: is disclosed as an HIV protease inhibitor. Methods and compositions for inhibiting an HIV infection are also disclosed.

Abstract: A laminate panel is provided for forming an aesthetically pleasing fire worthy exterior surface on an object; for example, a decorative interior panel used in a commercial aircraft. A first film layer forms an exterior surface of the panel, and an embossing resin layer is disposed adjacent to the first film layer. A second film layer is disposed adjacent to the embossing resin layer. The second film layer is impregnated with at least one heat sink material to enhance the fire worthiness of the laminate panel by operating to absorb thermal energy released by the panel in the event the panel is exposed to fire or to a high temperature sufficient to otherwise cause combustion of a conventional laminate panel. Accordingly, the laminate panels serve to provide an aesthetically pleasing surface on the associated object and also act as a mechanism to increase the fire worthiness of the associated object.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing quinoline-substituted carbonate and carbamate compounds, which are important intermediates in the synthesis of 6-O-substituted macrolide antibiotics. The process employs metal-catalyzed coupling reactions to provide a carbonate or carbamate of formula (I) or (II) or a substrate that can be reduced to obtain the same.

Abstract: An attachment for a firearm having a barrel with a barrel nut mechanism located around an aft portion of said barrel. The attachment includes a shield or supplemental mechanism which is positioned close to the barrel. An attachment mechanism having a first and second claw diametrically opposed to each other, are positioned to be accepted by the barrel nut mechanism secured to the barrel. In the preferred embodiment, the attachment completely encircles the barrel using an upper portion and a lower portion which is swivelly connected to said attachment mechanism at a first end and a locking mechanism securable to the upper portion of the barrel handguard.

Abstract: An apparatus for improving the signal to noise ratio of measurements of the thickness of layers in a thin film stack uses a photoacoustic measurement system that includes a time differentiation system for inducing a delay in pump beam pulses. The time differentiation system uses, among other things, a birefringent element and other elements to control the polarization of pump beam pulses. Use of the apparatus involves applying a time varying voltage to an electro-optic modulator driver and setting a time differentiation step; or, in another embodiment, applying a time varying voltage to an electro-optic modulator to induce a fixed time delay delta-t between a vertically polarized pulse and a horizontally polarized pulse. The high frequency operation of the system provides for improved determinations of film thickness.

Abstract: A data processing system includes a network containing of a set of connected devices, where individual ones of the connected devices include a data processor that executes a program for connecting to and disconnecting from the network and for maintaining a first list descriptive of other connected devices and a second list descriptive of at least some user-defined services published by individual ones of publisher connected devices that form a first sub-set of the connected devices. Individual ones of the publisher connected devices maintain a third list descriptive of an individual one or individual ones of registered service subscriber connected devices that form a second sub-set of connected devices. The publisher connected devices provide a service output to registered service subscriber connected devices upon an occurrence of at least one predetermined triggering event, which may be a push trigger, a pull trigger, or a combination of push and pull triggers.

Abstract: An aeroponic growing apparatus is provided which comprises a novel low pressure liquid nutrient delivery system generated by centrifugal force utilizing a rotating cylinder device. The rotating cylinder device distributes liquid nutrient solution to the roots of plants by use of centrifugal force, thereby eliminating the need for a high pressure pump and nozzles. The geometrical shape of the enclosed root growth chamber is such that it allows for fractionated droplets to ricochet in multiple random directions thus completely surrounding the plant roots in 360° in any plane.

Abstract: An aeroponic growing apparatus is provided which comprises a novel low pressure liquid nutrient delivery system generated by centrifugal force utilizing a rotating cylinder device. The rotating cylinder device distributes liquid nutrient solution to the roots of plants by use of centrifugal force, thereby eliminating the need for a high pressure pump and nozzles. The geometrical shape of the enclosed root growth chamber is such that it allows for fractionated droplets to ricochet in multiple random directions thus completely surrounding the plant roots in 360° in any plane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing quinoline-substituted carbonate and carbamate compounds, which are important intermediates in the synthesis of 6-O-substituted macrolide antibiotics. The process employs metal-catalyzed coupling reactions to provide a carbonate or carbamate of formula (I) or (II) or a substrate that can be reduced to obtain the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing quinoline-substituted carbonate and carbamate compounds, which are important intermediates in the synthesis of 6-O-substituted macrolide antibiotics. The process employs metal-catalyzed coupling reactions to provide a carbonate or carbamate of formula (I) or (II) or a substrate that can be reduced to obtain the same.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: 1

Abstract: An apparatus for improving the signal to noise ratio of measurements of the thickness of layers in a thin film stack uses a photoacoustic measurement system that includes a time differentiation system for inducing a delay in pump beam pulses. The time differentiation system uses, among other things, a birefringent element and other elements to control the polarization of pump beam pulses. Use of the apparatus involves applying a time varying voltage to an electro-optic modulator driver and setting a time differentiation step; or, in another embodiment, applying a time varying voltage to an electro-optic modulator to induce a fixed time delay delta-t between a vertically polarized pulse and a horizontally polarized pulse. The high frequency operation of the system provides for improved determinations of film thickness.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing quinoline-substituted carbonate and carbamate compounds, which are important intermediates in the synthesis of 6-O-substituted macrolide antibiotics. The process employs metal-catalyzed coupling reactions to provide a carbonate or carbamate of formula (I) or (II) or a substrate that can be reduced to obtain the same.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: is disclosed as an HIV protease inhibitor. Methods and compositions for inhibiting an HIV infection are also disclosed.