Abstract: A method is provided for introducing a genome into a cell or cell-like system. The introduced genome may occur in nature, be manmade with or without automation, or may be a hybrid of naturally occurring and manmade materials. The genome is obtained outside of a cell with minimal damage. Materials such as a proteins, RNAs, polycations, nucleoid condensation proteins, or gene translation systems may accompany the genome. The genome is installed into a naturally occurring cell or into a manmade cell-like system. A cell-like system or synthetic cell resulting from the practice of the provided method may be designed and used to yield gene-expression products, such as desired proteins. By enabling the synthesis of cells or cell-like systems comprising a wide variety of genomes, accompanying materials and membrane types, the provided method makes possible a broader field of experimentation and bioengineering than has been available using prior art methods.

Abstract: Methods are provided for constructing a synthetic genome, comprising generating and assembling nucleic acid cassettes comprising portions of the genome, wherein at least one of the nucleic acid cassettes is constructed from nucleic acid components that have been chemically synthesized, or from copies of the chemically synthesized nucleic acid components. In one embodiment, the entire synthetic genome is constructed from nucleic acid components that have been chemically synthesized, or from copies of the chemically synthesized nucleic acid components. Rational methods may be used to design the synthetic genome (e.g., to establish a minimal genome and/or to optimize the function of genes within a genome, such as by mutating or rearranging the order of the genes). Synthetic genomes of the invention may be introduced into vesicles (e.g., bacterial cells from which part or all of the resident genome has been removed, or synthetic vesicles) to generate synthetic cells.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of obtaining immunogenic proteins from genomic sequences including Neisseria, including the amino acid sequences and the corresponding nucleotide sequences, as well as the genomic sequence of Neisseria meningitidis B.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery of novel polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes known in the art to contribute to human disease. Such polymorphisms can lead to a variety of disorders that are mediated/modulated by a variant human disease associated protein. The present invention provides reagents used for detecting and expressing the variant nucleic acid/protein sequence as well as methods of identifying and using these variants.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery of novel polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes known in the art to contribute to osteoporosis. Such polymorphisms can lead to a variety of disorders that are mediated/modulated by a variant osteoporosis associated protein. The present invention provides reagents used for detecting and expressing the variant nucleic acid/protein sequence as well as methods of identifying and using these variants.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery of novel polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes known in the art to contribute to inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Such polymorphisms can lead to a variety of disorders that are mediated/modulated by a variant inflammatory and autoimmune disorders associated protein. The present invention provides reagents used for detecting and expressing the variant nucleic acid/protein sequence as well as methods of identifying and using these variants.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the sequencing and assembly of the Drosophila melanogaster genome. The present invention provides the primary nucleotide sequence of a large portion of the Drosophila melanogaster genome in a series of genomic and predicted transcript sequences. This information is provided in the form of sequences and annotation information and can be used to generate nucleic acid detection reagents and kits such a nucleic acid arrays.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery of novel polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes known in the art to contribute to type II diabetes and obesity. Such polymorphisms can lead to a variety of disorders that are mediated/modulated by a variant type II diabetes and obesity associated protein. The present invention provides reagents used for detecting and expressing the variant nucleic acid/protein sequence as well as methods of identifying and using these variants.

Abstract: The present invention provides the sequencing of the entire genome of Haemophilus influenzae Rd, SEQ ID NO:1. The present invention further provides the sequence information stored on computer readable media, and computer-based systems and methods which facilitate its use. In addition to the entire genomic sequence, the present invention identifies over 1700 protein encoding fragments of the genome and identifies, by position relative to a unique Not I restriction endonuclease site, any regulatory elements which modulate the expression of the protein encoding fragments of the Haemophilus genome.