Abstract: A method of updating firmware of a router and a terminal node in a multi hop-based IoT wireless network system including an access point, routers, and terminal nodes, the access point, the router, and the terminal node each functioning as an OTA master in the case of a parent node, and functioning as an OTA slave in the case of a child node, the method including: determining whether the OTA master is ready to download firmware of the OTA slaves connected to the OTA master; downloading firmware data to the OTA slave that is ready to download the firmware in units of blocks; determining firmware data blocks that need to be resent, to resend and download the firmware data blocks to the OTA slave; and when the OTA master determines that resending the firmware data blocks is completed, determining that firmware download of all the OTA slaves is completed.

Abstract: A muscle control device includes an electromyography (EMG) electrode unit including a plurality of electrodes, and that senses an EMG signal, an EMG circuit unit that generates channel data, based on electrode signals, a control unit that receives the channel data, extracts a volitional electromyography signal, based on the channel data, and determines FES (Functional Electrical Stimulation) stimulation parameters, based on the volitional electromyography signal, an FES electrode unit that outputs a functional electrical stimulation, based on the FES stimulation parameters, and an FES circuit unit that receives the FES stimulation parameters, generates the functional electrical stimulation, based on the FES stimulation parameters, and transmits the functional electrical stimulation to the FES electrode unit, and the control unit recognizes a direction and an intensity of a motion from the volitional electromyography signal, based on the volitional electromyography signal and adjusts an intensity of the functi

Abstract: A method of updating firmware of a router and a terminal node in a multi hop-based IoT wireless network system including an access point, routers, and terminal nodes, the access point, the router, and the terminal node each functioning as an OTA master in the case of a parent node, and functioning as an OTA slave in the case of a child node, the method including: determining whether the OTA master is ready to download firmware of the OTA slaves connected to the OTA master; downloading firmware data to the OTA slave that is ready to download the firmware in units of blocks; determining firmware data blocks that need to be resent, to resend and download the firmware data blocks to the OTA slave; and when the OTA master determines that resending the firmware data blocks is completed, determining that firmware download of all the OTA slaves is completed.

Abstract: A muscle control device includes an electromyography (EMG) electrode unit including a plurality of electrodes, and that senses an EMG signal, an EMG circuit unit that generates channel data, based on electrode signals, a control unit that receives the channel data, extracts a volitional electromyography signal, based on the channel data, and determines FES (Functional Electrical Stimulation) stimulation parameters, based on the volitional electromyography signal, an FES electrode unit that outputs a functional electrical stimulation, based on the FES stimulation parameters, and an FES circuit unit that receives the FES stimulation parameters, generates the functional electrical stimulation, based on the FES stimulation parameters, and transmits the functional electrical stimulation to the FES electrode unit, and the control unit recognizes a direction and an intensity of a motion from the volitional electromyography signal, based on the volitional electromyography signal and adjusts an intensity of the functi

Abstract: Disclosed are method for transmitting and receiving frame in wireless local area network and apparatus for the same. A communication method performed in a first station, the communication method comprises receiving, through a channel from an access point, a first frame notifying a first period for transmission or reception of a frame; and processing the first frame, wherein a second period exists between the first frame and the first period, and wherein the second period is a contention period during which stations are allowed to contend for the channel. Therefore, performance of WLAN can be enhanced.

Abstract: Disclosed are method for transmitting and receiving frame in wireless local area network and apparatus for the same. A communication method performed in a first station, the communication method comprises receiving, through a channel from an access point, a first frame notifying a first period for transmission or reception of a frame; and processing the first frame, wherein a second period exists between the first frame and the first period, and wherein the second period is a contention period during which stations are allowed to contend for the channel. Therefore, performance of WLAN can be enhanced.

Abstract: Disclosed are method for transmitting and receiving frame in wireless local area network and apparatus for the same. A communication method performed in a first station, the communication method comprises receiving, through a channel from an access point, a first frame notifying a first period for transmission or reception of a frame; and processing the first frame, wherein a second period exists between the first frame and the first period, and wherein the second period is a contention period during which stations are allowed to contend for the channel. Therefore, performance of WLAN can be enhanced.

Abstract: Disclosed are method for transmitting and receiving frame in wireless local area network and apparatus for the same. A communication method performed in a first station, the communication method comprises receiving, through a channel from an access point, a first frame notifying a first period for transmission or reception of a frame; and processing the first frame, wherein a second period exists between the first frame and the first period, and wherein the second period is a contention period during which stations are allowed to contend for the channel. Therefore, performance of WLAN can be enhanced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a P2P traffic management apparatus and method. A P2P flow agent monitors an executed application program to extract a P2P application program, adds application identifiers to packets generated by the application program according to a set policy, and transmits the packets. In this case, a P2P security gateway monitors the inflowing packets from the P2P flow agent to extract packets having the application identifiers, uses the extracted application identifiers to inquire and acquire a related policy, and controls the packets according to the acquired policy.

Abstract: An authentication gateway apparatus for accessing a ubiquitous service includes: an authentication server of a service provider that receives an authentication data request message from a portable apparatus, and provides an authentication token; a first authentication device of the portable apparatus that transmits the authentication data request message to the authentication server, receives and stores an authentication token from the authentication server, and is used as a representative authentication device; and second authentication devices of ubiquitous apparatuses that are connected to the first authentication device of the portable apparatus by a wireless communication system, and have individual unique values.

Abstract: An authentication gateway apparatus for accessing a ubiquitous service includes: an authentication server of a service provider that receives an authentication data request message from a portable apparatus, and provides an authentication token; a first authentication device of the portable apparatus that transmits the authentication data request message to the authentication server, receives and stores an authentication token from the authentication server, and is used as a representative authentication device; and second authentication devices of ubiquitous apparatuses that are connected to the first authentication device of the portable apparatus by a wireless communication system, and have individual unique values.

Abstract: The invention relates to a P2P traffic management apparatus and method. A P2P flow agent monitors an executed application program to extract a P2P application program, adds application identifiers to packets generated by the application program according to a set policy, and transmits the packets. In this case, a P2P security gateway monitors the inflowing packets from the P2P flow agent to extract packets having the application identifiers, uses the extracted application identifiers to inquire and acquire a related policy, and controls the packets according to the acquired policy.