Abstract: A hydrogenated Diels-Alder adduct of the formula (III) a hydrogenated Diels-Alder adduct of the formula (IV) and a lactone compound of formula (V) are disclosed and described.

Abstract: A hydrogenated Diels-Alder adduct of the formula (III) a hydrogenated Diels-Alder adduct of the formula (IV) and a lactone compound of formula (V) are disclosed and described.

Abstract: A benzene compound is prepared by reacting a furan compound to produce an unsaturated bicyclic ether having an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond; hydrogenating the unsaturated carbon-carbon bond in the unsaturated bicyclic ether to produce a saturated bicyclic ether; and dehydrating and aromatizing the saturated bicyclic ether to produce the benzene compound.

Abstract: A benzene compound is prepared by reacting a furan compound to produce an unsaturated bicyclic ether having an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond; hydrogenating the unsaturated carbon-carbon bond in the unsaturated bicyclic ether to produce a saturated bicyclic ether; and dehydrating and aromatizing the saturated bicyclic ether to produce the benzene compound.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a process for production of a mixture including 2,4-furandicarboxylic acid (2,4-FDCA) and 2,5 furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA) through the disproportionation route, using as base compounds oxidation products of furfural. This invention also relates to a process for production of 2,4-FDCA as a result of a disproportionation route and the use of 2,4-FDCA as a monomer or comonomer to synthesize esters or any compounds which can generate macromolecules, such as polyesters.

Abstract: A substituted benzene derivative is prepared in a process, which includes reacting a furan derivative of formula (I): wherein R is an alkyl group, with an olefin of formula (II): R1—CH?CH—R2??(II) wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, —CN, —CHO and —COOR3, wherein R3 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl group, or R1 and R2 together form a —C(O)—O—(O)C— group, with the proviso that R1 and R2 are not both hydrogen, to produce a bicyclic ether; and dehydrating the bicyclic ether to obtain a benzene derivative. The benzene derivative thus obtained can suitably be converted to a benzene carboxylic acid compound by oxidation.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a process for production of a mixture including 2,4-furandicarboxylic acid (2,4-FDCA) and 2,5 furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA) through the disproportionation route, using as base compounds oxidation products of furfural. This invention also relates to a process for production of 2,4-FDCA as a result of a disproportionation route and the use of 2,4-FDCA as a monomer or comonomer to synthesize esters or any compounds which can generate macromolecules, such as polyesters.

Abstract: A substituted benzene derivative is prepared in a process, which includes reacting a furan derivative of formula (I): wherein R is an alkyl group, with an olefin of formula (II): R1—CH?CH—R2??(II) wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, —CN, —CHO and —COOR3, wherein R3 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl group, or R1 and R2 together form a —C(O)—O—(O)C— group, with the proviso that R1 and R2 are not both hydrogen, to produce a bicyclic ether; and dehydrating the bicyclic ether to obtain a benzene derivative. The benzene derivative thus obtained can suitably be converted to a benzene carboxylic acid compound by oxidation.

Abstract: Process for the production of a polyester by the polycondensation of a mixture comprising isoidide, and a dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid anhydride, wherein the reaction is performed in the melt of the monomers and wherein these monomers are not activated. The polyesters based on one or more of the three isomers of dianhydrohexitol, being isosorbide, isomannide and isoidide, have properties which makes them suitable to be used in powder coatings, toner compositions as well as engineering plastics. The polyesters include a polyester according to the following formula, wherein n ranges from 3 to 300.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process to make stabilized PVC wherein use is made of at least one compound of the formula wherein M is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkali earth metals, Al, and transition elements, and R is selected from the group consisting of substituted, linear or branched, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, and aralkyl moieties, the substituents comprising at least one or more electron-withdrawing groups, as a color stability booster.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a drier composition for air-drying alkyd-based coatings, inks, or floor coverings, comprising a combination of the following components: a) a transition metal salt with the formula: (Men+)(Xk?)m in which Me is the transition metal; X? represents a coordinating ligand; and k? is the valence state of the transition metal and m is the number of ligands X. b) a reducing biomolecule. The reducing biomolecule is in particular ascorbic acid or a derivative thereof, including ascorbyl palmitate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process to make stabilized PVC wherein use is made of at least one compound of the formula 1

Abstract: &bgr;-Ketoesters and their enamines derived from alcohols or polyols are suitable for stabilizing polymers, and are represented by formulae: A[(O—CHR4—Z—CHR5)m—O—CO—CHR1—CO—R3]n and A[(O—CHR4—Z—CHR5)m—O—CO—CR1═C(—NHR2)—R3]n, wherein: A is the residue of an alcohol or polyol selected from hydroxyalkanoic acid esters, sugars and their glycosides, sugar alcohols, sugar acids and their esters, and oligosaccharides; m is an integer number from 0 up to 6; n is a number from 1 up to the total number of hydroxyl groups in the polyol; R1 is hydrogen, C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 alkenyl or cycloalkyl (alkyl) or C6-C8 aryl or aralkyl; R2 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 hydroxyalkyl or C3-C6 alkenyl; R3 is C1-C18 alkyl, alkoxy or alkylamino, C3-C18 alkenyl, alkanoylmethyl, alkoxycarbonylmethyl or cycloalkyl(alkyl), C6-C18 aryl, aryloxy, arylamino, aralkyl, aralkoxy or aralkylamino, or C8-C18 aroylmethyl, arylox

Abstract: Natural cyclic polyalcohols such as polyfructoses and, dehydration products of sugar alcohols can be used for stabilising thermoplastic polymers, at a ratio of 0.001-5 phr of polyol with respect to the polymer. The cyclic polyol is in particular inulin or sorbitan. The polymer to be stabilised is in particular PVC, PE, PP or a halogenated rubber.