Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the thickness of a metal strip cast by pouring molten metal between a pair of closely spaced, water-cooled rotating rolls. The temperature of at least one of the rolls is measured at a fixed position relative to the roll bite before and during the cast. The rotational speed of the rolls is adjusted in proportion to a measured roll separation or roll separating force corrected by the roll temperature measured during the cast such that a predetermined and substantially uniform thickness of the metal strip is produced.

Abstract: One set of four extensometers bolted onto opposite faces of two mill posts of a universal rolling mill stand are responsive to a total site strain caused by simultaneous application of horizontal- and vertical-roll forces in the mill stand. Extensometer output signals are corrected individually for a variable zero drift component. The four zero-corrected signals are resolved to provide simultaneous indications of sum and differences of horizontal-roll forces in the two mill posts, the same indications for the vertical-roll forces, and selective individual site and post strains.

Abstract: An analog electrical system utilizes a signal from a coke weighing system and a signal from a coke moisture gauge to correct for prior errors in hopper weighings due to delivery overshoot as well as moisture variations in prior batches of coke.