Abstract: A pipe for transporting crude oil comprises a layer of polymeric material for containing oil within the bore of the pipe, the polymeric material being surrounded and supported by a reinforcement structure comprising high tensile reinforcement elements which are protected from corrosion by gases passing from the polymeric layer through the reinforcement structure. The reinforcement element may be provided with a protective sheath, for example of low permeability material or a material which possesses electrolytic action, or the reinforcement element may be embedded in a matrix of high permeability material such that a preferential path is provided for the passage of gases through the reinforcement structure.

Abstract: A flexible hose comprising a lining layer of substantially impermeable material, a reinforcement structure comprising at least one balanced pair of helically extending reinforcement members embedded in elastomeric material to withstand internal pressure and axial tensile loadings, and radially inwards of at least the reinforcement structure a crush resisting armouring layer comprising at least two helical reinforcing elements nested together and shaped such that contacting surfaces of the elements between the successive turns of the helices are of a substantially frusto-conical shape.