Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a laser device configured to detect material contamination and respond accordingly, thereby minimizing contaminant ignition and damage resulting therefrom. The laser device includes a laser source, an optical waveguide with first and second ends, and control circuitry that includes a photodetector and a comparator. The optical waveguide is configured to transmit a laser beam received from the laser source and further configured to receive light caused by contaminant ignition. The control circuitry is configured to detect an amount of said light after it is received by the optical waveguide, transmitted therethrough, and finally received at the photodetector. The control circuitry is further configured to determine whether the amount of light satisfies a shutdown threshold and then cause the laser source to stop emitting the laser beam if the shutdown threshold is satisfied.

Abstract: Described herein is a physiologically-balanced, acidic solution. Typically the solution is prepared by a chemical reactions or by the electrolysis of a solution comprising a mixture of an inorganic salt to form a physiologically balanced solution. This invention also relates to methods for use of the solutions, including a specialized bandage which may be used in combination with the solutions, or optionally with other topically applied materials. A mixture of inorganic salts and, optionally minerals, is used in order to mimic the electrolyte concentration and mixture of body fluid in an isotonic state. The solution typically comprises of one halide salt of lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, and other cations. Typically the halide is fluoride, chloride, bromide, or iodide, and most typically chloride.