Abstract: The present process is directed to the cooling and cleaning of hot crude synthesis gas leaving a gas generator (solid hydrocarbon gasification reactor) wherein the hot crude synthesis gas leaving the top of the gas generator in an upflow direction is quenched by injection of cold purified synthesis gas. The gas velocity is then reduced and the gas stream is reversed in a downflow direction whereupon the gas velocity is increased again. The gas stream is again reversed in an upflow direction and the gas velocity is decreased whereafter the gas is indirectly cooled and flyash being separated therefrom.

Abstract: The present process is directed to the cooling and cleaning of hot crude synthesis gas leaving a gas generator (solid hydrocarbon gasification reactor) wherein the hot crude synthesis gas leaving the top of the gas generator in an upflow direction is quenched by injection of cold purified synthesis gas. The gas velocity is then reduced and the gas stream is reversed in a downflow direction whereupon the gas velocity is increased again. The gas stream is again reversed in an upflow direction and the gas velocity is decreased whereafter the gas is indirectly cooled and flyash is separated therefrom.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining blockage of a coal gasification slag tap by observing changes in the pressure differential across a diaphragm seal located within an annulus formed by a pressurized vessel and a gasifier contained therewithin.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reversing the flow of a synthesis gas from a coal gasification reactor containing solids that tend to cause fouling of heat transfer surfaces by adjusting the volume and shape of a gas-reversal space within a chamber downstream of the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for controlling rapping of heat exchanging surfaces based on the heat transfer coefficient of the exchanger systems.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining blockage of a coal gasification slag tap by observing changes in the pressure differential across a diaphragm seal located within an annulus formed by a pressurized vessel and a gasifier contained therewithin.

Abstract: A process for cooling and purifying a hot gas containing slag particles comprises the following steps:(a) the velocity of the gas mixture is reduced;(b) the flow of the gas mixture having a reduced velocity is deflected, the gas mixture being passed upward in substantially vertical direction so that part of the slag particles falls down into a fluidized bed of slag particles;(c) cold clean recycle gas is introduced through a fluidization distributor into the fluidized bed, thereby cooling the slag particles and keeping at least part of the slag particles in the fluidized bed;(d) the gas mixture flowing substantially vertically upward at reduced velocity is cooled by indirect exchange of heat, while a further quantity of slag particles falls down into the fluidized bed; and(e) the cooled slag particles are discharged from the bottom of the fluidized bed through a discharge pipe.An apparatus to carry out this procedure is also described.