Abstract: A glass manufacturing apparatus includes a delivery apparatus defining an upstream portion of a ribbon travel path extending in a first travel direction. A forming roll extends along an axis parallel to the travel path and perpendicular to the first travel direction. The forming roll includes a recess that imparts a protrusion to a ribbon. A substantially planar surface is positioned downstream from the forming roll and receives the ribbon. A conveyor supports the substantially planar surface. The conveyor moves the substantially planar surface in a second travel direction that is angled relative to the first travel direction. A force application apparatus biases the ribbon toward the substantially planar surface to alter a position of the protrusion relative to a major surface of the ribbon. Methods of manufacturing a ribbon are provided.

Abstract: Apparatus includes a sample holder with a cavity and a plurality of devices configured to hold a curvature of a curved substrate in a fixed configuration. Apparatus includes two prisms with a viewing apparatus of the sample holder configured to translate therebetween. Methods can include disposing the curved substrate in the sample holder, transmitting a first beam, translating the sample holder, and transmitting a second beam. Alternatively, apparatus include a light scattering-polarimetry sub-system configured to emit a first beam to impinge an end surface of coupling prism and detect at least a portion of the first beam impinging the first surface of the coupling prism. The apparatus includes an evanescent prism coupling spectroscopy sub-system configured to emit a second beam to impinge a first surface of the coupling system and detect at least a portion of the second beam impinging the second surface of the coupling prism.

Abstract: A scattered light polarimetry (LSP) sub-system of a hybrid system for characterizing stress in a chemically-strengthened (CS) substrate having a top-surface and a near-surface waveguide, includes a LSP light source system, an LSP light source actuator coupled to the LSP light source system, and an optical compensator within an optical path of a LSP laser beam emitted by the LSP light source system. The optical compensator includes a half-wave plate, a half-wave plate actuator, a diffuser, and a diffuser actuator. The LSP sub-system further includes a LSP detector system in optical communication with the optical compensator through an LSP coupling prism having a LSP coupling surface, a focusing lens and a focusing lens actuator, and a support plenum having a surface and a measurement aperture, the support plenum configured to support the CS substrate at a measurement plane at the measurement aperture, and to operably support the LSP coupling prism.

Abstract: Systems and methods of performing a stress measurement of a chemically strengthened glass using a light-scattering polarimetry system include adjusting the intensity of a light beam from a light source in an illumination system using a rotatable half-wave plate and a first polarizer operably disposed between the light source and a rotating light diffuser that has a rotation time tR. The first polarizer is aligned with a second polarizer in a downstream optical compensator to have matching polarization directions by rotating the rotatable half-wave plate to a position where the exposure time tE falls within an exposure range tR?tE. The method also includes performing an exposure using the exposure time tE to obtain the stress measurement. One or both of the half-wave plate and first polarizer can be tilted to avoid deleterious back-reflected light from entering the light source.

Abstract: The hybrid measurement system includes an evanescent prism coupling spectroscopy (EPCS) sub-system and a light-scattering polarimetry (LSP) sub-system. The EPCS sub-system includes an EPCS light source system optically coupled to an EPCS detector system through an EPCS coupling prism. The LSP sub-system includes an LSP light source optically coupled to an optical compensator, which in turn is optically coupled to a LSP detector system via a LSP coupling prism. A support structure supports the EPCS and LSP coupling prisms to define a coupling prism assembly, which supports the two prisms at a measurement location. Stress measurements made using the EPCS and LSP sub-systems are combined to fully characterize the stress properties of a transparent chemically strengthened substrate. Methods of processing the EPCS and LSP measurements and enhanced configurations of the EPCS and LPS sub-systems to improve measurement accuracy are also disclosed.

Abstract: A conveying apparatus can comprise one or more support members defining an interior passage and a first plurality of apertures. A first cross-sectional area of the interior passage at a first end portion of a support area can be greater than a second cross-sectional area of the interior passage at a second end portion of the support area. A tube can extend within the interior passage and comprises a second plurality of apertures. Methods are also provided for conveying a ribbon with one or more support members.

Abstract: A three dimensional glass ceramic article with a thickness between 0.1 mm and 2 mm, having a dimensional precision control of less than or equal to ±0.1 mm. A method for forming a three dimensional glass ceramic article including placing a nucleated glass article into a mold, and heating the nucleated glass article to a crystallization temperature, where the nucleated glass article is in the mold during the heating. Then, holding the nucleated glass article at the crystallization temperature for a duration sufficient to crystallize the nucleated glass article and form a three dimensional glass ceramic article, where the nucleated glass article is in the mold during the holding, and removing the three dimensional glass ceramic article from the mold.

Abstract: A three dimensional glass ceramic article with a thickness between 0.1 mm and 2 mm, having a dimensional precision control of less than or equal to ±0.1 mm. A method for forming a three dimensional glass ceramic article including placing a nucleated glass article into a mold, and heating the nucleated glass article to a crystallization temperature, where the nucleated glass article is in the mold during the heating. Then, holding the nucleated glass article at the crystallization temperature for a duration sufficient to crystallize the nucleated glass article and form a three dimensional glass ceramic article, where the nucleated glass article is in the mold during the holding, and removing the three dimensional glass ceramic article from the mold.

Abstract: A conveying apparatus can comprise one or more support members defining an interior passage and a first plurality of apertures. A first cross-sectional area of the interior passage at a first end portion of a support area can be greater than a second cross-sectional area of the interior passage at a second end portion of the support area. A tube can extend within the interior passage and comprises a second plurality of apertures. Methods are also provided for conveying a ribbon with one or more support members.

Abstract: Systems and methods of performing a stress measurement of a chemically strengthened glass using a light-scattering polarimetry system include adjusting the intensity of a light beam from a light source in an illumination system using a rotatable half-wave plate and a first polarizer operably disposed between the light source and a rotating light diffuser that has a rotation time tR. The first polarizer is aligned with a second polarizer in a downstream optical compensator to have matching polarization directions by rotating the rotatable half-wave plate to a position where the exposure time tE falls within an exposure range tR?tE. The method also includes performing an exposure using the exposure time tE to obtain the stress measurement. One or both of the half-wave plate and first polarizer can be tilted to avoid deleterious back-reflected light from entering the light source.

Abstract: A conveying apparatus can comprise one or more support members defining an interior passage and a first plurality of apertures. A first cross-sectional area of the interior passage at a first end portion of a support area can be greater than a second cross-sectional area of the interior passage at a second end portion of the support area. A tube can extend within the interior passage and comprises a second plurality of apertures. Methods are also provided for conveying a ribbon with one or more support members.

Abstract: The hybrid measurement system includes an evanescent prism coupling spectroscopy (EPCS) sub-system and a light-scattering polarimetry (LSP) sub-system. The EPCS sub-system includes an EPCS light source system optically coupled to an EPCS detector system through an EPCS coupling prism. The LSP sub-system includes an LSP light source optically coupled to an optical compensator, which in turn is optically coupled to a LSP detector system via a LSP coupling prism. A support structure supports the EPCS and LSP coupling prisms to define a coupling prism assembly, which supports the two prisms at a measurement location. Stress measurements made using the EPCS and LSP sub-systems are combined to fully characterize the stress properties of a transparent chemically strengthened substrate. Methods of processing the EPCS and LSP measurements and enhanced configurations of the EPCS and LPS sub-systems to improve measurement accuracy are also disclosed.

Abstract: A screen protector comprises a glass-based substrate and an adhesive. The glass-based substrate comprises a first major surface, a second major surface, a thickness, and an edge. The first major surface comprises a first planar portion and a peripheral portion extending outwardly from the first planar portion. The second major surface comprises a second planar portion opposite the first planar portion and is parallel to the first planar portion. The edge comprises an outer peripheral surface that intersects the peripheral portion of the first major surface. The adhesive comprises a first major surface, a second major surface, a thickness, and an edge. The first major surface of the adhesive is adhered to the second major surface of the glass-based substrate.

Abstract: A conveying apparatus can comprise one or more support members defining an interior passage and a first plurality of apertures. A first cross-sectional area of the interior passage at a first end portion of a support area can be greater than a second cross-sectional area of the interior passage at a second end portion of the support area. A tube can extend within the interior passage and comprises a second plurality of apertures. Methods are also provided for conveying a ribbon with one or more support members.

Abstract: A mold stack for forming 3D glass-based articles includes a plenum and a cooling structure integrated with the plenum. The mold stack includes a mold with a flange that can be used to mount the mold on the plenum. The mold stack includes features to reduce mold warp without significantly increasing thermal mass.

Abstract: The prism-coupling systems and methods include using a prism-coupling system to collect initial TM and TE mode spectra of a chemically strengthened article having a refractive index profile with a near-surface spike region and a deep region. The prism-coupling system has a light source configured to generate sequential measurement light beams or reflected light beams having different measurement wavelengths. The different measurement wavelengths generate different TM and TE mode spectra. The light source can include multiple light-emitting elements and optical filters or a broadband light source and optical filters. The optical filters can be sequentially inserted into either the input optical path or the output optical path of the prism-coupling system.

Abstract: A carrier apparatus includes an article including a first major surface, a second major surface, a thickness between the first major surface and the second major surface, and an outer edge extending across the thickness between the first major surface and the second major surface. The carrier apparatus includes a coating including a central portion disposed on the first major surface of the article and an outer exposed portion disposed on the outer edge of the article, and a gasket including a first surface contacting the coating. An outer interface between the first surface of the gasket and the coating defines an outer boundary isolating the central portion of the coating from the outer exposed portion of the coating. Methods of processing a carrier apparatus to remove at least a portion of the coating from the article are also provided.

Abstract: A screen protector comprises a glass-based substrate and an adhesive. The glass-based substrate comprises a first major surface, a second major surface, a thickness, and an edge. The first major surface comprises a first planar portion and a peripheral portion extending outwardly from the first planar portion. The second major surface comprises a second planar portion opposite the first planar portion and is parallel to the first planar portion. The edge comprises an outer peripheral surface that intersects the peripheral portion of the first major surface. The adhesive comprises a first major surface, a second major surface, a thickness, and an edge. The first major surface of the adhesive is adhered to the second major surface of the glass-based substrate.

Abstract: A carrier apparatus includes an article including a first major surface, a second major surface, a thickness between the first major surface and the second major surface, and an outer edge extending across the thickness between the first major surface and the second major surface. The carrier apparatus includes a coating including a central portion disposed on the first major surface of the article and an outer exposed portion disposed on the outer edge of the article, and a gasket including a first surface contacting the coating. An outer interface between the first surface of the gasket and the coating defines an outer boundary isolating the central portion of the coating from the outer exposed portion of the coating. Methods of processing a carrier apparatus to remove at least a portion of the coating from the article are also provided.

Abstract: A method of forming a shaped glass article includes placing a glass sheet on a mold such that a first glass area of the glass sheet corresponds to a first mold surface area of the mold and a second glass area of the glass sheet corresponds to a second mold surface area of the mold. The first glass area and the second glass area are heated such that the viscosity of the second glass area is 8 poise or more lower than the viscosity of the first glass area. A force is applied to the glass sheet to conform the glass sheet to the mold surface. During the heating of the second glass area, the first mold surface area is locally cooled to induce a thermal gradient on the mold.