Abstract: In accordance with a trained deep learning model, the data processing system is configured to estimate a temperature of the stator windings of the electric machine based on the following input data: observed current into direct-axis current, observed quadrature-axis current, observed or estimated direct-axis voltage, observed or estimated quadrature-axis voltage, observed direct-current bus voltage, estimated torque of the rotor of the electric machine, estimated speed of the rotor of the electric machine, sensed coolant inlet temperature, and sensed coolant flow rate, wherein the trained deep learning model is trained in accordance with a truncated back propagation through time technique.

Abstract: A first inverter has a set of first output phases coupled to a grid voltage source. A second inverter has a set of second output phases coupled to the grid voltage source. A phase measurement device is adapted to measure at least one reference phase of the grid voltage source at a reference phase point. An electronic data processor is configured to: determine an observed phase difference between the reference phase point and an observed position sample of a pulse-width-modulation carrier signal of the first inverter, the second inverter, or each parallel-coupled inverter; determine a target phase difference between the reference phase point and target position sample of the pulse-width-modulation carrier signal; determine a frequency adjustment to the pulse-width-modulation carrier signal of the first inverter, the second inverter, or all parallel-coupled inverters, based on a difference between the observed phase difference and the target phase difference.

Abstract: A first inverter has a set of first output phases coupled to a grid voltage source. A second inverter has a set of second output phases coupled to the grid voltage source. A phase measurement device is adapted to measure at least one reference phase of the grid voltage source at a reference phase point. An electronic data processor is configured to determine an observed phase difference between the reference phase point and an observed position sample of one of a pulse-width-modulation carrier signal of the first inverter, the second inverter, or each parallel-coupled inverter. The electronic data processor is configured to determine a target phase difference between the reference phase point and target position sample of one of the pulse-width-modulation carrier signal.