Abstract: A method for creating a nanostructure surface, comprises creating a nanostructure master having a surface being the negative of a shape that, when illuminated with a predefined illumination, provides a unique optical pattern; and creating nanostructure molds from the nanostructure master, wherein each nanostructure mold has a negative of the master surface which, when illuminated with the predefined illumination, provides the unique optical pattern, which may be a hologram. A nanotag may incorporate an image for identification and a unique pattern that can be identified for authentication.

Abstract: A method for creating a nanostructure surface, comprises creating a nanostructure master having a surface being the negative of a shape that, when illuminated with a predefined illumination, provides a unique optical pattern; and creating nanostructure molds from the nanostructure master, wherein each nanostructure mold has a negative of the master surface which, when illuminated with the predefined illumination, provides the unique optical pattern, which may be a hologram. A nanotag may incorporate an image for identification and a unique pattern that can be identified for authentication.

Abstract: An antenna system comprises a first end-fire antenna element and a second end-fire antenna element facing each other in a planar arrangement, the antenna elements being configured such as to cause destructive interference between individual end-fire radiations of the elements, while maintaining constructive interference generally perpendicular to the planar arrangement.

Abstract: A reflectarray for shaping electromagnetic radiation having a characteristic wavelength in an operating band of wavelengths, the reflectarray comprising: a planar backplane that reflects the electromagnetic radiation; a dielectric layer located on the backplane; a plurality of cells, each cell characterized by a maximum dimension less than the characteristic wavelength of the radiation and comprising an array of at least two antennas having different shapes that reflect the electromagnetic radiation; wherein the antennas in the plurality of cells are coplanar.

Abstract: Disclosed is an accessory for eyeglasses. This accessory for eyeglasses may be used for numerous purposes including, but not limited to, prominently displaying branding indicia, advertising indicia, or any combination thereof. In certain aspects, the accessory for eyeglasses may include a clip configured to secure around an earpiece of a pair of eyeglasses. In certain aspects, the clip includes spaced first and second members connected through a U-shaped bend such that the second member is biased in the direction of the first member. The first member includes an attachment feature protruding from one side thereof in a direction away from the second member, and the second member is divided into a central member centered between spaced side members. The accessory for eyeglasses further includes a button configured to be removably attached to the attachment feature.

Abstract: A rectifying antenna device is disclosed. The device comprises a pair of electrode structures, and at least one nanostructure diode contacting at least a first electrode structure of the pair and being at least in proximity to a second electrode structure of the pair. At least one electrode structure of the pair receives AC radiation, and the nanostructure diode(s) at least partially rectifies a current generated by the AC radiation.

Abstract: A method for creating a highly accurate nanostructure is provided, the method includes: (i) creating a highly accurate nanostructure prototype, wherein the highly accurate nanostructure prototype, when illuminated with a predefined illumination, provides a unique optical pattern; (ii) creating at least one highly accurate nanostructure mold from the highly accurate nanostructure prototype, wherein each highly accurate nanostructure mold enables a creation of a highly accurate nanostructure that is substantially similar to the highly accurate nano structure prototype and which, when illuminated with the predefined illumination, provides the unique optical pattern; and (iii) molding the highly accurate nano structure using the highly accurate nano structure mold, wherein the highly accurate nanostructure, when illuminated with the predefined illumination, provides the unique optical pattern.

Abstract: A rectifying antenna device is disclosed. The device comprises a pair of electrode structures, and at least one nanostructure diode contacting at least a first electrode structure of the pair and being at least in proximity to a second electrode structure of the pair. At least one electrode structure of the pair receives AC radiation, and the nanostructure diode(s) at least partially rectifies a current generated by the AC radiation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an accessory for eyeglasses. This accessory for eyeglasses may be used for numerous purposes including, but not limited to, prominently displaying branding indicia, advertising indicia, or any combination thereof. In certain aspects, the accessory for eyeglasses may include a clip configured to secure around an earpiece of a pair of eyeglasses. In certain aspects, the clip includes spaced first and second members connected through a U-shaped bend such that the second member is biased in the direction of the first member. The first member includes an attachment feature protruding from one side thereof in a direction away from the second member, and the second member is divided into a central member centered between spaced side members. The accessory for eyeglasses further includes a button configured to be removably attached to the attachment feature.

Abstract: A method for creating a highly accurate nanostructure is provided, the method includes: (i) creating a highly accurate nanostructure prototype, wherein the highly accurate nanostructure prototype, when illuminated with a predefined illumination, provides a unique optical pattern; (ii) creating at least one highly accurate nanostructure mold from the highly accurate nanostructure prototype, wherein each highly accurate nanostructure mold enables a creation of a highly accurate nanostructure that is substantially similar to the highly accurate nano structure prototype and which, when illuminated with the predefined illumination, provides the unique optical pattern; and (iii) molding the highly accurate nano structure using the highly accurate nano structure mold, wherein the highly accurate nanostructure, when illuminated with the predefined illumination, provides the unique optical pattern.

Abstract: An antenna system is disclosed. The system comprises a first end-fire antenna element and a second end-fire antenna element facing each other in a planar arrangement, the antenna elements being configured such as to cause destructive interference between individual end-fire radiations of the elements, while maintaining constructive interference generally perpendicular to the planar arrangement.

Abstract: A method for creating a highly accurate nanostructure is provided, the method includes: (i) creating a highly accurate nanostructure prototype, wherein the highly accurate nanostructure prototype, when illuminated with a predefined illumination, provides a unique optical pattern; (ii) creating at least one highly accurate nanostructure mold from the highly accurate nanostructure prototype, wherein each highly accurate nanostructure mold enables a creation of a highly accurate nanostructure that is substantially similar to the highly accurate nanostructure prototype and which, when illuminated with the predefined illumination, provides the unique optical pattern; and (iii) molding the highly accurate nanostructure using the highly accurate nanostructure mold, wherein the highly accurate nanostructure, when illuminated with the predefined illumination, provides the unique optical pattern.

Abstract: A method for creating a highly accurate nanostructure is provided, the method includes: (i) creating a highly accurate nanostructure prototype, wherein the highly accurate nanostructure prototype, when illuminated with a predefined illumination, provides a unique optical pattern; (ii) creating at least one highly accurate nanostructure mold from the highly accurate nanostructure prototype, wherein each highly accurate nanostructure mold enables a creation of a highly accurate nanostructure that is substantially similar to the highly accurate nanostructure prototype and which, when illuminated with the predefined illumination, provides the unique optical pattern; and (iii) molding the highly accurate nanostructure using the highly accurate nanostructure mold, wherein the highly accurate nanostructure, when illuminated with the predefined illumination, provides the unique optical pattern.

Abstract: A rectifying antenna device is disclosed. The device comprises a pair of electrode structures, and at least one nanostructure diode contacting at least a first electrode structure of the pair and being at least in proximity to a second electrode structure of the pair. At least one electrode structure of the pair receives AC radiation, and the nanostructure diode(s) at least partially rectifies a current generated by the AC radiation.

Abstract: A rotating optical resonator, a waveguide and a method of use of waveguide are disclosed. The rotating optical resonator may include at least two modes of different resonant frequencies shiftable towards each other by reducing a magnitude of rotation rate, said modes being joinable into a substantially degenerate mode by setting substantially zero rotation rate, said resonator being of an optical size smaller than five wavelengths of the substantially degenerate mode. The waveguide may include a plurality of coupled evenly degenerate split mode resonators, the split of the modes forming a stop band in a resonant band of the waveguide, the stop band of the waveguide thereby being changeable by changing an angular velocity of the waveguide while the vector of the angular velocity is non-parallel with respect to the waveguide.

Abstract: A communication system, the communication system includes: a first decision entity; and a long laser that includes a first reflector and a second reflector; wherein a lasing characteristic of the long laser is responsive to: (i) first data unit that is provided by a first user and affects a reflection spectrum of the first reflector, and (ii) second data unit that is provided by a second user and affects a reflection spectrum of the second reflector; and wherein the first decision entity is adapted to receive the first data unit and information representative of the lasing characteristic, as well as to determine (i) a relationship between the first data unit and the second data unit, or (ii) a content of the second data unit.

Abstract: A rotating optical resonator, a waveguide and a method of use of waveguide are disclosed. The rotating optical resonator may include at least two modes of different resonant frequencies shiftable towards each other by reducing a magnitude of rotation rate, said modes being joinable into a substantially degenerate mode by setting substantially zero rotation rate, said resonator being of an optical size smaller than five wavelengths of the substantially degenerate mode. The waveguide may include a plurality of coupled evenly degenerate split mode resonators, the split of the modes forming a stop band in a resonant band of the waveguide, the stop band of the waveguide thereby being changeable by changing an angular velocity of the waveguide while the vector of the angular velocity is non-parallel with respect to the waveguide.

Abstract: A filtering method and optical filter structure are presented. The structure comprises an input waveguide, an output waveguide, and a filter stage formed by at least one closed loop resonator optically coupled to the input and output waveguides. A level of the coupling from each of the waveguides to the resonator is at least 5 times greater than a loss-per-revolution of the resonator. The filter structure thus provides for reducing a bandwidth and insertion loss while filtering at least one optical channel from a multi-channel light signal.

Abstract: A filter device and method are presented for filtering a multi-channel randomly polarized light signal to separate therefrom at least one specific channel. The device comprises a polarizer assembly, and a filter structure. The polarizer assembly is operable for processing the multi-channel randomly polarized light signal to split it into two multi-channel light components of a predetermined polarization identical for both of said two multi-channel light components; and for processing two identically polarized light components to produce a randomly polarized light signal. The filter structure is operable to process said two multi-channel light components of said predetermined polarization to select from each of said two light components the specific channel, and thereby produce two first output light components of the specific channel propagating through spatially separated first light paths.

Abstract: A resonator structure is presented comprising a closed loop resonator having a distributed Bragg reflector for confining the light within the guiding core. In one embodiment the light is confined from both the internal and the external sides of the device forming a guiding channel (defect) or just by the external side forming a disk resonator. Although the perfectly circular shape is generally preferred, the resonator could be of any closed loop shape such as an ellipse, etc. Although not mentioned explicitly throughout the text, the Bragg reflectors can of any type of distributed reflector such as, for example, a photonic bandgap crystal where the Bragg reflector is constructed by series of holes in a dielectric material. The resonator structure can be used in various applications, such as optical filters, lasers, modulators, spectrum analyzers, wavelockers, interleave filters, and optical add drop multiplexers.