Abstract: A flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecule, a process for forming a flame-retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that contains the flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecule are disclosed. The flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecule can be synthesized from vanillin obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety with phenyl, allyl, or thioether substituents. The process for forming the flame-retardant polymer can include reacting a diol vanillin derivative and a flame-retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecule, and binding the flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecule to a polymer. The material in the article of manufacture can be flame-retardant, and contain the flame-retardant vanillin-derived small molecules. Examples of materials that can be in the article of manufacture can include resins, plastics, adhesives, polymers, etc.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a polymer includes less than 99.5 percent by weight of units derived from one or more olefin monomers. The polymer also includes greater than 0.5 percent by weight of units derived from one or more blue light absorbing monomers. In another embodiment, a method includes placing a heated parison of a polymer in a mold. The polymer is formed by polymerizing a mixture of one or more olefin monomers and one or more blue light absorbing monomers. The polymer has one or more blue light absorption characteristics. The method includes closing the mold. The method includes injecting gas into the parison to form a container in the mold. The method also includes removing the container from the mold.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and article of manufacture for transferring fluid contained in a syringe. The apparatus includes an airlock component having a cylindrical body with a first end, a second end, and a hollow tube disposed between the first end and the second end. An annular opening is located at the first end of the cylindrical body. The hollow tube includes a gas inlet aperture and a gas outlet aperture. The hollow tube also includes an inwardly-facing airtight material coupled to the interior surface of the hollow tube, and a septum coupled to the second end of the cylindrical body. The method includes transferring fluid from one container to a second container using the apparatus. The article of manufacture includes the apparatus, a syringe, and a needle.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes a hydroxyapatite particle and a triazine-based herbicide. In some cases, the triazine-based herbicide is adsorbed to a surface of the hydroxyapatite particle. In other cases, the triazine-based herbicide is chemically bound to the surface of the hydroxyapatite particle via a urea linkage.

Abstract: A process of forming a lactide copolymer includes forming a dimethylidene lactide molecule from an L-lactide molecule. The process also includes forming a functionalized lactide monomer from the dimethylidene lactide molecule. The process includes forming a mixture that includes the functionalized lactide monomer and a bisphenol A (BPA) monomer or a BPA-derived monomer. The process further includes polymerizing the mixture to form a lactide copolymer.

Abstract: A flame-retardant vanillin-derived cross-linker, a process for forming a flame-retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that contains the flame-retardant vanillin-derived cross-linker are disclosed. The flame-retardant vanillin-derived cross-linker can be synthesized from vanillin obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety with phenyl, allyl, epoxide, propylene carbonate, or thioether substituents. The process for forming the flame-retardant polymer can include reacting a diol vanillin derivative and a flame-retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame-retardant vanillin-derived cross-linker, and binding the flame-retardant vanillin-derived cross-linker to a polymer. The material in the article of manufacture can be flame-retardant, and contain flame-retardant vanillin-derived cross-linkers. Examples of materials that can be in the article of manufacture can include resins, plastics, adhesives, polymers, etc.

Abstract: The present specification provides a di-polycyclic compound, and a polymer chain consisting of alternating electron donor compounds and electron acceptor compounds, which include the di-polycyclic compound.

Abstract: A material comprises a carbon nanotube and a methyl methacrylate group covalently bonded to a surface of the carbon nanotube. In some examples, the material can further comprise a polymeric chain appended to the surface of the carbon nanotube via the methyl methacrylate group. In some examples, the polymeric chain can include styrene monomer repeating units and butadiene monomer repeating units. In some examples, the polymeric chain can include a flame retardant moiety appended thereon and/or flame retardant monomer repeating units. In some examples, the carbon nanotube can be incorporated or combined with a resin material to provide a composite component. A method to produce a carbon nanotube having a polymeric chain appended thereto is also described.

Abstract: A displacement sensor that includes a stationary printed circuit board which includes a first capacitor pad, an indicator, and a battery electrically communicating with the first capacitor pad and the indicator and a sliding card which includes a second capacitor pad, the first capacitor pad and the second capacitor pad being orientated to face each other and in an overlapping relation to each other. An overlap being defined by the first capacitor pad and the second capacitor pad, wherein the overlap of the first capacitor pad and the second capacitor pad generates a capacitance, the generated capacitance changes as the sliding card moves as a result of a change in the overlap of the first capacitor pad and the second capacitor pad. The indicator is activated when the generated capacitance change reaches a threshold value.

Abstract: A flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecule, a process for forming a flame-retardant resin, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that contains the flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecule are disclosed. The flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecule can be synthesized from vanillin obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety with phenyl, allyl, epoxide, propylene carbonate, or thioether substituents. The process for forming the flame-retardant resin can include reacting a vanillin derivative and a flame-retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecule, and binding the flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecule to a resin. The flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecules can also be bound to polymers. The material in the article of manufacture can be flame-retardant, and contain the flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecules.

Abstract: A flame-retardant vanillin-derived monomer, a process for forming a flame-retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that contains flame-retardant vanillin-derived monomer are disclosed. The flame-retardant vanillin-derived monomer can be synthesized from vanillin obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety with phenyl, allyl, epoxide, or propylene carbonate substituents. The process for forming the flame-retardant polymer can include reacting a vanillin derivative and a flame-retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame-retardant vanillin-derived monomer, and then polymerizing the flame-retardant vanillin-derived monomer. The material in the article of manufacture can be flame-retardant, and contain the flame-retardant vanillin-derived monomer. Examples of materials that can be in the article of manufacture can include resins, plastics, adhesives, polymers, etc.

Abstract: A process of forming a polymer with a blue light absorber chemically bonded to a polymeric backbone of the polymer includes mixing one or more olefin monomers with one or more functionalized p-vinylstyrylanthracene monomers to form a mixture of reactants. The mixture includes less than 10 percent by weight of the one or more functionalized p-vinylstyrylanthracene monomers. The process also includes polymerizing the mixture to produce a polymer with one or more blue light absorption characteristics.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition and a method of making a flame retardant composition is provided. In an embodiment, the method includes reacting a phosphazene material with an acrylamide monomer material to form a functionalized phosphazene material; initiating a polymerization reaction on a reaction mixture comprising a functionalized phosphazene material and one or more monomers to form a first impact-modified phosphazene material; and reacting the first impact-modified phosphazene material with a poly(dichlorophosphazene) monomer material, and a reactant selected from the group consisting of R1OH, HNR2R3, or a combination thereof, to form a second impact-modified phosphazene material.

Abstract: impact-modified composition and a method of making an impact-modified composition are provided. In an embodiment, the method includes reacting a phosphazene material with an acrylamide material to form a functionalized phosphazene material; initiating a polymerization reaction on a reaction mixture comprising the functionalized phosphazene material and one or more monomers to form an impact-modified phosphazene material; and adding the an impact-modified phosphazene material to a polymeric material.

Abstract: A process of forming a hydrophobic, conductive barrier on a metallic surface includes coating the metallic surface with a solution that includes an organic, conductive material. The organic, conductive material has a conductive group that includes a triphenylamine group or a carbazole group. The organic, conductive material also has a dithiocarbamate group to bind the organic, conductive material to the metallic surface.

Abstract: A flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecule, a process for forming a flame-retardant resin, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that contains the flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecule are disclosed. The flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecule can be synthesized from vanillin obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety with phenyl, allyl, epoxide, propylene carbonate, or thioether substituents. The process for forming the flame-retardant resin can include reacting a vanillin derivative and a flame-retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecule, and binding the flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecule to a resin. The flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecules can also be bound to polymers. The material in the article of manufacture can be flame-retardant, and contain the flame-retardant vanillin-derived molecules.

Abstract: A pinene-derived diisocyanate compound, a process for forming a pinene-derived diisocyanate compound, and an article of manufacture containing a polyurethane polymer are disclosed. The process for forming the pinene-derived diisocyanate compound includes oxidizing the pinene to form a pinene-derived ketone compound, converting the pinene-derived ketone compound to a diamine compound in subsequent reaction steps, and reacting the diamine compound with phosgene to form the pinene-derived diisocyanate compound. The polyurethane polymer is synthesized in a reaction between a pinene-derived diisocyanate compound and a polyol.

Abstract: A flame-retardant microcapsule with a shell containing a cyclic phosphazene molecule, a process for forming a flame-retardant microcapsule with a shell containing a cyclic phosphazene molecule, and an article of manufacture including a flame-retardant microcapsule with a shell containing a cyclic phosphazene molecule are disclosed. The process for forming the flame-retardant microcapsule with the shell containing the cyclic phosphazene molecule may include providing a cyclic phosphazene molecule, forming an aqueous mixture containing the cyclic phosphazene molecule, adding a payload agent into the aqueous mixture, and adding a curing agent into the aqueous mixture.

Abstract: A material comprises a carbon nanotube and a methyl methacrylate group covalently bonded to a surface of the carbon nanotube. In some examples, the material can further comprise a polymeric chain appended to the surface of the carbon nanotube via the methyl methacrylate group. In some examples, the polymeric chain can include styrene monomer repeating units and butadiene monomer repeating units. In some examples, the polymeric chain can include a flame retardant moiety appended thereon and/or flame retardant monomer repeating units. In some examples, the carbon nanotube can be incorporated or combined with a resin material to provide a composite component. A method to produce a carbon nanotube having a polymeric chain appended thereto is also described.

Abstract: A flame-retardant microcapsule with a shell containing a cyclic phosphazene molecule, a process for forming a flame-retardant microcapsule with a shell containing a cyclic phosphazene molecule, and an article of manufacture including a flame-retardant microcapsule with a shell containing a cyclic phosphazene molecule are disclosed. The process for forming the flame-retardant microcapsule with the shell containing the cyclic phosphazene molecule may include providing a cyclic phosphazene molecule, forming an aqueous mixture containing the cyclic phosphazene molecule, adding a payload agent into the aqueous mixture, and adding a curing agent into the aqueous mixture.