Abstract: A conditionally replicating, aneurovirulent recombinant herpes simplex virus is provided that includes a nucleic acid encoding an expressible chemokine. An expression control element is operably linked to the nucleic acid. A therapeutic composition includes a first conditionally replicating, aneurovirulent recombinant herpes simplex virus having a first nucleic acid encoding a first expressible cytokine operatively linked to an expression control element. A second such herpes simplex virus encoding a second expressible cytokine is also provided with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Preferably, the second cytokine is a chemokine. In a particular embodiment, the first expressible cytokine increases availability of an immunoresponsive cell for activation. The activatable cell is CD4+, CD8+, NK, a dendritic cell, or a combination thereof.