Abstract: The invention is directed to ginseng fractions and methods for activating innate and adaptive immune responses to prevent, treat or ameliorate a condition in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a ginseng traction, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the fraction in combination with another medicament or with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, or a food item comprising the fraction. The fraction may be made from Panax quinquefolius or may be selected from CVT-E002, PQ2, PQ223 and purified fractions from CVT-E002, PQ2, and PQ223.

Abstract: Ginseng extracts as well as preparations such as medicaments, pharmaceuticals and food or dietary supplements for use to treat or prevent alopecia areata in subjects requiring such treatment or prevention are provided. The ginseng extract is a carbohydrate extract that contains between about 60-70 wt % carbohydrates, for example.

Abstract: The invention is directed to ginseng fractions and methods for activating innate and adaptive immune responses to prevent, treat or ameliorate a condition in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a ginseng traction, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the fraction in combination with another medicament or with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, or a food item comprising the fraction. The fraction may be made from Panax quinquefolius or may be selected from CVT-E002, PQ2, PQ223 and purified fractions from CVT-E002, PQ2, and PQ223.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of treating hematological malignancies by administering to the subject ginseng fractions from North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium). The present invention can be used to activate the proliferation of hemopoietic cells in a patient in need of treatment, or as a therapeutic targeted at conditions characterized by hematological malignancy, such as an abnormal proliferation of blood cells, lymphocytes, multiple myeloma, etc. The invention also includes a method of treating leukemia by activating the proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and monocytes in the bone marrow and the spleen of the patient by administering at least one ginseng fraction selected from the group consisting of CVT-E002, PQ.sub.2, PQ.sub.223 and purified fractions from CVT-E002, PQ.sub.2 and PQ.sub.223. The present invention may be used to treat the hematological malignancy or as a supplement for patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

Abstract: The invention is directed to ginseng fractions, methods of preventing or reducing hematological malignancies such as leukemia, and methods of elevating NK cells in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a ginseng fraction, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the fraction in combination with another medicament or with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers including food items. The fraction may be made from Panax quinquefolius or may be selected from CVT-E002, PQ2, PQ223 and purified fractions from CVT-E002, PQ2 and PQ223.

Abstract: Use of ginseng extracts designated CVT-E002, PQ2, PQ2A, PQ2B, PQ2C, PQ2D, and PQ223 in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition suitable for treating an autoimmune disease.

Abstract: The invention is directed to ginseng fractions and methods for activating innate and adaptive immune responses to prevent, treat or ameliorate a condition in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a ginseng traction, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the fraction in combination with another medicament or with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, or a food item comprising the fraction. The fraction may be made from Panax quinquefolius' or may be selected from CVT-E002, PQ2, PQ223 and purified fractions from CVT-E002, PQ2 and PQ223.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of treating hematological malignancies by administering to the subject ginseng fractions from North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium). The present invention can be used to activate the proliferation of hemopoietic cells in a patient in need of treatment, or as a therapeutic targeted at conditions characterized by hematological malignancy, such as an abnormal proliferation of blood cells, lymphocytes, multiple myeloma, etc. The invention also includes a method of treating leukemia by activating the proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and monocytes in the bone marrow and the spleen of the patient by administering at least one ginseng fraction selected from the group consisting of CVT-E002, PQ2, PQ223 and purified fractions from CVT-E002, PQ2 and PQ223. The present invention may be used to treat the hematological malignancy or as a supplement for patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

Abstract: The invention is directed to ginseng fractions, methods of preventing or reducing hematological malignancies such as leukemia, and methods of elevating NK cells in a subject by administering to the subject an effective amount of a ginseng fraction, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the fraction in combination with another medicament or with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers including food items. The fraction may be made from Panax quinquefolius or may be selected from CVT-E002, PQ2, PQ223 and purified fractions from CVT-E002, PQ2 and PQ223.

Abstract: Shark cartilage extract has been shown to be an antagonist of parathyroid hypertensive factor (PHF). In view of this, shark cartilage extract can be used to treat conditions related to excessive PHF activity. Such diseases include hypertension and some other diseases related to intracellular calcium elevation. Methods for producing the shark cartilage extract and methods for administering the extract are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention is directed to chemical processes of preparing fractions form North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) and pharmaceutical compositions containing these fractions. The products of the present invention may be used to stimulate the production of cytokines and/or antibodies, or as therapeutics targeted at conditions characterized by low immunity, such as the common cold, influenza, chronic fatigue syndrome, AIDS and cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N-propargylphentermine and its derivatives and the neuroprotective and anti-depressant activity of such compounds as well as therapeutic methods for such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel N.sup.1 -propargylhydrazines, N.sup.2 -propargylhydrazines and their salts in pharmaceutical compositions. The compounds according to the present invention have at least one of the following activities: monoamine oxidase-A inhibiting, monoamine oxidase-B inhibiting, anti-depressant, anti-anxiety and neuroprotectant activities. These compounds are useful as monoamine oxidase inhibitors and should be useful for the treatment of depression, anxiety and of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.