Abstract: A method including closing upper and lower ends of a bore with upper and lower closure element, respectively; introducing a cathode into the bore; and flowing an electrolyte through an annular space between a wall of the bore an outer surface of the cathode to provide an inner surface of the bore with a wear-resistant surface by electrolysis.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the plasma-electrolytic deposition of a titanium-based non-metallic protective coating on an aluminum-containing material that exhibits excellent resistance to corrosion and high resistance against wear; a coated aluminum-containing metallic article, wherein the coating comprised of oxides and hydroxides of the elements titanium and aluminum has a thickness of at least 15 microns and a cross-section hardness (HV) of at least 800; and a device comprising an arrangement of two adjacent parts at least one being selected from an aluminum-containing metallic material that is coated according to the method and in frictional connection with the other part wherein under operation the frictionally connected parts move relatively to each other, such as, pistons moving in the cylinder within the powertrain of a vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the plasma-electrolytic deposition of a titanium-based non-metallic protective coating on an aluminum-containing material that exhibits excellent resistance to corrosion and high resistance against wear; a coated aluminum-containing metallic article, wherein the coating comprised of oxides and hydroxides of the elements titanium and aluminum has a thickness of at least 15 microns and a cross-section hardness (HV) of at least 800; and a device comprising an arrangement of two adjacent parts at least one being selected from an aluminum-containing metallic material that is coated according to the method and in frictional connection with the other part wherein under operation the frictionally connected parts move relatively to each other, such as, pistons moving in the cylinder within the powertrain of a vehicle.

Abstract: A method including closing upper and lower ends of a bore with upper and lower closure element, respectively; introducing a cathode into the bore; and flowing an electrolyte through an annular space between a wall of the bore an outer surface of the cathode to provide an inner surface of the bore with a wear-resistant surface by electrolysis.

Abstract: Process for obtaining a ceramic coating on the surface of a metal having semiconducting properties, such as aluminium, titanium, magnesium, hafnium, zirconium and their alloys, by a physico-chemical transformation reaction of the treated metal. This process consists in immersing the metal workpiece to be coated in an electrolytic bath composed of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide, such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, and of an oxyacid salt of an alkali metal, the metal workpiece forming one of the electrodes, and in applying a signal voltage of overall triangular waveform to the electrodes, that is to say a signal having at least a rising slope and a falling slope, with a form factor that can vary during the process, generating a current which is controlled in its intensity, its waveform and its ratio of positive current to negative current.

Abstract: Process for obtaining a ceramic coating on the surface of a metal having semiconducting properties, such as aluminium, titanium, magnesium, hafnium, zirconium and their alloys, by a physico-chemical transformation reaction of the treated metal. This process consists in immersing the metal workpiece (5) to be coated in an electrolytic bath (3) composed of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide, such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, and of an oxyacid salt of an alkali metal, the metal workpiece forming one of the electrodes, and in applying a signal voltage of overall triangular waveform to the electrodes, that is to say a signal having at least a rising slope and a falling slope, with a form factor that can vary during the process, generating a current which is controlled in its intensity, its waveform and its ratio of positive current to negative current.

Abstract: A metal diaphragm used in making valves designed for passage of highly pure liquids has, starting at an outer periphery, an outer collar designed to abut a planar base of a valve in sealing fashion and connected to a central part, on which an actuating device of the valve is designed to act, by several annular surfaces stepped upward from a plane in which the diaphragm abuts the base. The annular surfaces are successively inclined from the periphery to the central part. One of the annular surfaces is parallel to the plane in which the diaphragm abuts the base when no force is exerted on the diaphragm.

Abstract: A manual fluid-control valve has a housing defining a chamber formed with a seat and with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet opening into the chamber at opposite sides of the seat and a valve body in the housing having an end face and displaceable axially forward into a closed position with the end face engaging the seat and blocking fluid flow through the chamber between the inlet and outlet and an open position with the end face spaced-axially backward from the seat and permitting fluid flow through the chamber between the inlet and outlet. An operating element is axially displaceable in the housing adjacent the valve body but out of direct contact with the valve body and a spring is braced between the operating element and the valve body and constitutes the only axial-force- transmitting link between the body and the element. An operating mechanism is connected to the operating element for axially displacing same and thereby also displacing the valve body between its positions via the spring.