Abstract: This circuit comprises an insulating substrate covered on at least part of its surface by a fine conducting layer (7) whose geometrical form corresponds to the layout chosen for the circuit; the said conducting layer having one or more very fine grooves (9) with a depth of more than 1 .mu.

Abstract: A glazed wall has an inside glazing and an outside glazing which define a space through which outside air can circulate past the inside glazing for discharge into the room. A low radiation emissivity layer is formed on at least one face of the inside glazing for reducing radiative heat transfer to the outside glazing. This low radiation emissivity layer can also constitute an electrical heating layer for heating the inside glazing.

Abstract: A window of a double glazing system includes a window frame formed in a wall of a room, a sash fitted in the window frame and an outer glazing mounted in the sash, all of which are conventional. A second glazing is mounted to the sash and at an interior position relative to the outer glazing, so as to form an air circulation space between the second and outer glazings. The second glazing is heated by a transparent electrical resistance layer formed thereon and apertures are formed in the sash to create an air circulation path from the outside, through the air circulation space into the room. As a result, fresh air circulating into the room is heated by the heated second glazing.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for producing a glass ribbon and an improved method for subsequently coating said glass by pyrolytically depositing a metal oxide coating thereupon. The glass is produced in a molten metal float bath having a reducing atmosphere supplied at a slightly positive pressure which is comprised of a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen gasses. The slightly positive pressure of the reducing atmosphere within at least one lock chamber of the float bath is reduced by venting at least one lock chamber to the outside atmosphere through apertures of reduced size each of which is located in a lateral exterior wall of at least one of said chambers which is separated from the float bath by at least one other of such chambers.

Abstract: A laminated stack has grooves on the faces of the laminations forming fluid amplifiers and control channels therefor. Pneumatic detectors are coupled with the control channels. The laminations are perpendicular to the path of travel of workpieces to be treated, such as glass sheets, and outlet nozzles of the fluid amplifiers and openings of the pneumatic detectors face the glass sheet. Preferably opposed stacks on each side of the path of travel each emit detector jets to jet receivers of the other stack, and the nozzles thereof simultaneously treat both sides of the workpiece. The laminations may be oblique to the path of travel. Upstream and downstream detectors and combinations thereof are disclosed, including an Exclusive OR arrangement.