Abstract: A method of increasing 3-HP production efficiency by inhibiting expression of a lactate dehydrogenase, a phosphotransacetylase, and an alcohol dehydrogenase in production of 3-HP using a malonic semialdehyde reduction pathway to prevent metabolite leak and increase a malonyl-CoA pool is disclosed.

Abstract: A high throughput screening system and method of an acid-producing microorganism using a mixture of at least two pH indicators are provided. The method may be useful in determining a production amount of an acid, which is a final metabolite secreted by the microorganism, more accurately, rapidly and easily.

Abstract: A modified microorganism having enhanced xylose utilization, an expression vector for constructing the modified microorganism, and a method of producing a chemical using the same are disclosed.

Abstract: A high throughput screening system and method of a lactic acid-producing microorganism using a mixture of at least two pH indicators are provided. The method may be useful in determining a production amount of a lactic acid, which is a final metabolite secreted by the microorganism, more accurately, rapidly and easily.

Abstract: A method of simultaneously producing 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) using a microorganism is provided. The method includes converting glycerol into 3-HP and 1,3-PDO using a recombinant microorganism having both 3-HP and 1,3-PDO producing genes.

Abstract: A method of producing 3-hydroxypropionic acid (“3-HP”) with a high yield using a recombinant microorganism having an activity of reducing malonyl CoA into malonic semialdehyde and an activity of reducing malonic semialdehyde into 3-HP and/or an NADPH regeneration activity is provided.

Abstract: A method of measuring skin moisture content, the method including: measuring a differential rate of a skin impedance of a predetermined skin area of a user for a predetermined period of time; and determining that the skin area is a moist area when the differential rate of skin impedance is greater than or equal to a predetermined value for a predetermined period of time, and determining that the skin area is a dry area when the differential rate of skin impedance is less than the predetermined value for the predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A sensor measuring skin impedance includes a reference electrode, a current carrying electrode, and a measuring electrode for measuring impedance for current flowing between the reference electrode and the current carrying electrode. The measuring electrode is recessed with respect to the reference electrode and the current carrying electrode, allowing the measuring electrode to make contact with a user's skin after the reference electrode and current carrying electrode make contact, resulting in greater measurement accuracy.

Abstract: A device for separating micro particles is provided. The separating device comprises a sample inlet into which a sample containing micro particles is injected; fluid inlets into which fluid is injected to form a flow sheath for the sample; a plurality of outlets through which the micro particles are separated and discharged out; a channel through which the sample and the fluid flow; and a first electrode and a second electrode longitudinally disposed in parallel in the channel. The first and the second electrodes are provided in such a manner that an electrode gap between the first and the second electrodes has a curved shape. The micro particles in the sample are easily separated using a dielectrophoresis characteristic.

Abstract: A method of measuring skin moisture content, the method including: measuring a differential rate of a skin impedance of a predetermined skin area of a user for a predetermined period of time; and determining that the skin area is a moist area when the differential rate of skin impedance is greater than or equal to a predetermined value for a predetermined period of time, and determining that the skin area is a dry area when the differential rate of skin impedance is less than the predetermined value for the predetermined period of time.

Abstract: There is provided an inkjet head and an inkjet head assembly having the same. The inkjet head includes an inkjet head plate having a plurality of nozzles ejecting ink provided therein; pressure chambers storing ink drawn in from both outer ends of the inkjet head plate in a width direction thereof and facing each other in a direction inwards of the width direction; piezoelectric elements supplying the pressure champers with driving force allowing ink to be ejected through the nozzles connected to the pressure chambers and disposed on the pressure chambers having membranes interposed therebetween; a pressure adjusting channel connecting the pressure chambers to adjust a pressure of ink ejected through the nozzles.

Abstract: Provided herein are a composition for measuring 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose (3,6-L-AHG) transferase activity by reduction of NADP to NADPH, and a method of measuring 3,6-L-AHG transferase activity using the same. The composition and method are useful for determining 3,6-L-AHG in a material containing 3,6-L-AHG such as algae biomass and industrial applications.

Abstract: An isolated polypeptide is disclosed that improves the hydrolyzing capacity of a polysaccharide hydrolase such as cellulase, is capable of binding to a polysaccharide, is deficient in polysaccharide hydrolase activity, and includes a GH45 or a pollen-allergen domain. Methods of hydrolyzing polysaccharides using the isolated polypeptide are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for pretreating a biomass, in which a water-reactive anhydride contacts a biomass, is disclosed. The biomass is pretreated using internal heating by an exothermic reaction. Further, an apparatus for pretreating a biomass having a reaction part including an inlet part and an outlet part for the water-reactive anhydride is disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided an inkjet head and an inkjet head assembly having the same. The inkjet head includes an inkjet head plate having a plurality of nozzles ejecting ink provided therein; pressure chambers storing ink drawn in from both outer ends of the inkjet head plate in a width direction thereof and facing each other in a direction inwards of the width direction; piezoelectric elements supplying the pressure champers with driving force allowing ink to be ejected through the nozzles connected to the pressure chambers and disposed on the pressure chambers having membranes interposed therebetween; a pressure adjusting channel connecting the pressure chambers to adjust a pressure of ink ejected through the nozzles.

Abstract: A composition containing a photoacid generator monomer and surfactant, and a method for synthesizing a compound on a substrate using the composition are provided. The method includes bonding a layer of first molecules having an acid labile protecting group to a solid substrate; coating a layer of the photoacid generator monomer composition according to the present invention on the layer of first molecules; exposing the composition layer to light and then heat-treating to remove the acid labile protecting group from the first molecules corresponding to the exposed portion; washing and removing the composition layer from the exposed and unexposed portions; and bonding second molecules to the exposed first molecules.

Abstract: There is provided an inkjet head including an inkjet head plate slantedly coupled to a cartridge supplying ink; a nozzle ejecting ink moving through a path formed inside the inkjet head plate, and formed at a flattened edge of the inkjet head plate contacting a printing medium; and an actuator provided on a surface of the inkjet head plate opposite to that coupled to the cartridge and controlling the ejection of the ink.

Abstract: In a method of producing biofuel using brown algae, Bacterium antarctica is used as a hydrolysis catalyst for saccharification to obtain monosaccharides from the brown algae. The saccharification with the hydrolysis catalyst is effective in saccharification of the brown algae.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of pretreating lignocellulose-based biomass by extracting lignin from biomass by adding a solvent for dissolving lignin to the lignocellulose-based biomass including lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose, and extracting the cellulose and/or hemicellulose by adding an ionic liquid to the remaining biomass after extracting the lignin.

Abstract: In a blood flow controlling apparatus using a magnetic field for controlling blood flow within a living body, and methods therefor, the blood flow controlling apparatus includes a magnetic field applying unit for supplying the magnetic field and applying the magnetic field to the living body, a blood flow measuring unit for measuring a blood flow signal including information about blood flow, and a blood flow controlling unit for controlling the blood flow according to the measured blood flow signal.