Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for enhancing coding efficiency by performing encoding and decoding by optimally calculating quantization intervals and reconstruction values through a distribution of DCT coefficients of each frame, when DCT coefficients of each SNR enhancement layer are quantized in scalable video coding. The encoding apparatus includes: an R-D optimization unit performing Rate-Distortion (R-D) optimization based on a distribution of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients each slice and calculating a first reference value and a second reference value respectively indicating a start point and an end point of DCT coefficients quantized to “0”; a quantization interval setting unit setting adaptive quantization intervals on the basis of a minimum value and a maximum value of the DCT coefficients, the first reference value, and the second reference value; and a mapping unit mapping the DCT coefficients to the adaptive quantization intervals.

Abstract: Provided are a method for redundant slice coding by polyphase down-sampling (PD) and a codec using the method. An encoder for redundant slice coding by PD includes a PD coding unit rearranging a residual block that is a difference between a current block and a prediction block into four sections by performing PD on the residual block, a quantization transform unit transforming and quantizing at least one of the sections of the residual block, and a reference block generation unit generating a reference block based on a value obtained by performing inverse transform and inverse quantization, and then inverse PD on the at least one transformed and quantized section by the quantization transform unit.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for providing an adaptive broadcast service for providing adaptive broadcasting contents including game contents to a user terminal of a home network environment by using game metadata, and an adaptive broadcasting system where a user or a terminal can properly select and consume a game based on the object by defining the metadata for describing the common characteristic of the predetermined contents type including the game and the metadata for describing the characteristic of only the game contents. The apparatus includes: a contents providing unit for publishing and providing the adaptive broadcasting contents including the game contents, and the game metadata to the user terminal; and a contents searching unit for providing contents identification information corresponding to a search and selection signal transmitted from the user terminal, wherein the game metadata describe characteristics of the game contents.

Abstract: The present research relates to description supporting a targeting scheme, more particularly, to an extended description structure supporting a targeting scheme and a TV-Anytime service providing method and system employing the same based on Moving Picture Experts Group 21 (MPEG-21) Usage Environment Description (UED) tools. The TV-Anytime service providing system employing the extended description structure includes a service providing apparatus for generating package metadata including user information and usage environment information; and a user device for acquiring the package metadata including user information and usage environment information from the service providing apparatus through diverse access networks.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for coding a stereoscopic video. The method of coding a stereoscopic video includes coding an original reference image; performing preprocessing based on the original reference image, a decoded reference image, and an original additional image; coding the original addition image based on the original additional image and an improved decoding image obtained by performing the preprocessing; and performing postprocessing based on the original additional image and a decoded additional image.

Abstract: A multiple ROI (region of interest) setting method and apparatus in scalable video coding and an ROI reconstructing method and apparatus are provided. The multiple ROI setting apparatus includes: an ROI setting unit which sets at least one or more ROIs and allocates ROI identification numbers to the each of ROIs; a mapping unit which allocates at least one or more slice group identification numbers to the at least one or more ROI identification numbers; and a message generating unit which generates a message including ROI-associated information, slice-group-associated information, mapping information on mapping of the ROI identification number to the at least one or more slice group identification numbers, and scalability information.

Abstract: Techniques for generating utility-based descriptors from compressed multimedia information are disclosed. A preferred method includes the steps of receiving least a segment of compressed multimedia information, determining two or more portions of utility based descriptor information based on one or more adaptation operations, each corresponding to a unique target rate, adapting the compressed multimedia segment by each the portions of utility based descriptor information to generate adapted multimedia segments, using a quality management method to generate measurement for each adapted multimedia segment, and generating a utility based descriptors based on the portions of utility based descriptor information and corresponding quality measurements.

Abstract: Provided is a real-time streaming protocol (RTSP) based progressive streaming method. The progressive streaming method based on a real-time streaming protocol, wherein a server transfers SDP information and performs streaming of a contents file to a client connected, the method including the steps of: a) if a “pause” request message is received from the client, transmitting a “pause” response message including the number of TCP packets already transferred to the client, and pausing streaming of the contents file; and b) if a “replay” request message including the number of the TCP packet to be transferred is received from the client, transmitting a “replay” response message and restarting transmission of the TCP packets from the next TCP packet to the TCP packet transferred to the client before the contents file is paused.

Abstract: A water-drip hose comprises: the first fusion splicing units formed to have an upper fusion splicing line parallel to an end portion of the outer film, a lower fusion splicing line shorter than the upper fusion splicing line, and side fusion splicing lines of a smooth curved shape for connecting the upper fusion splicing line with the lower fusion splicing line; two second fusion splicing units respectively formed at a lower position between the first fusion splicing unit and a neighboring first fusion splicing unit in parallel to the lower fusion splicing line of the first fusion splicing unit at regular intervals, which forms three lower openings; and a third fusion splicing unit formed at an upper position between the first fusion splicing unit and the neighboring first fusion splicing unit in parallel to the upper fusion splicing line of the first fusion splicing unit, which forms two upper openings.

Abstract: A multiple ROI (region of interest) setting method and apparatus in scalable video coding and an ROI reconstructing method and apparatus are provided. The multiple ROI setting apparatus includes: an ROI setting unit which sets at least one or more ROIs and allocates ROI identification numbers to the each of ROIs; a mapping unit which allocates at least one or more slice group identification numbers to the at least one or more ROI identification numbers; and a message generating unit which generates a message including ROI-associated information, slice-group-associated information, mapping information on mapping of the ROI identification number to the at least one or more slice group identification numbers, and scalability information.

Abstract: Provided is a method and apparatus for controlling a bit-rates in which an amount of generated bits is adjusted according to the complexity of each frame, and a bit-rate within a frame can be further effectively adjusted by applying different quantization parameter (QP) values to respective macro blocks. In the apparatus for controlling a bit-rate, a motion compensated temporal filtering (MCTP) operation is performed for each group of pictures (GOP) in an input scalable layer, and thereafter bits are allocated to respective frames in consideration of frame type and frame complexity. Furthermore, a QP is adaptively determined in the unit of a macro block on the basis of the allocated bits.

Abstract: Provided is a method for remediating arsenic-contaminated soil, including: a collection step of collecting arsenic-contaminated soil; a washing step of adding the collected soil to a washing solution, which is acidic in nature and provides reducing conditions to the soil, so as to remove arsenic from the soil and transfer the removed arsenic to the washing solution; a solid-liquid separation step of separating the soil and the washing solution from each other after the washing step; and a post-treatment step of removing arsenic from the washing solution, which was separated in the solid-liquid separation step, and employing the soil for remediation.

Abstract: Provided are an extended multimedia file structure, a multimedia file producing method, and a multimedia file executing method. The extended multimedia file structure includes: a metadata section including a media initial object descriptor (IOD) field and at least one track pointer; and a media data section including at least one media block indicated by the track pointer, wherein the at least one track pointer indicates a detail media resource contained in an embedded multimedia file or an external multimedia file.

Abstract: A method of sharing data of a scalable video coding (SVC) file and the SVC file are provided. The SVC file includes: a scalable base track including at least one scalable layer entry each storing metadata of the at least one scalable layer; and at least one sub track generated based on the scalable base track, which includes identification information of the scalable layer that is a basis of generation of a sub track among the scalable layers and identification information of the scalable base track instead of the scalable layer entry. Accordingly, when an SVC coded content is stored as a file, it is possible to reduce a storage capacity by avoiding duplication of common data and to provide convenience when the stored content is reprocessed by allowing a relation of tracks correlated to one another to be represented.

Abstract: Provided is a method of remediating cyanide-contaminated soil. The method is provided to remediate soil contaminated with cyanide and treat the cyanide, which includes collecting the soil contaminated with first cyanide in a solid state and second cyanide in a gaseous or dissolved state, dissociating cyanide by mixing the soil with an alkali washing solution, dissolving the first cyanide in a solid state in the washing solution, and transferring the second cyanide in a dissolved state dissociated from the soil to the washing solution, dissociating the soil from the washing solution, precipitating the first cyanide in a solid state by acidifying the washing solution containing the cyanide, and performing post-treatment on the first cyanide after the first cyanide precipitated in a solid state is dissociated from the washing solution.

Abstract: A conventional new video coding technology can provide a bitstream switching picture by encoding the bitstream switching picture into an I picture. However, an encoding efficiency is greatly reduced. As such, the new video coding technology does not provide an efficient bitstream switching function. Also, other advantages provided by a switching picture technology such as a random access, error durability, and a bitstream splicing are not provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides an air cooling device of an integrated thermo-hygrostat, which is advantageous over known integrated thermo-hygrostats in that it is possible to prevent indoor air from being mixed with cold outdoor air when cooling an indoor space using the cold outdoor air in winter by installing an indoor air control damper which can control the flow of the indoor air in front of an evaporator installed in an inner portion of a main body. The air cooling device can rapidly lower the temperature of the indoor space to the intended temperature, increase cooling efficiency, and prevent power from being unnecessarily consumed by being capable of suspending the cooling function thereof when cooling is performed using outdoor air having a temperature below a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modality conversion for supporting Quality of Service (QoS) according to media resources, which includes the steps of receiving a modality conversion descriptor in which the characteristics of the modality conversion of the multimedia contents are described, receiving the multimedia contents, and converting the modality of the multimedia contents into a modality determined according to a media resource and the modality conversion descriptor. According to the present invention, a systematic approach to a design for an overlap content value model is provided so that the conversion boundaries between modalities can be quantitatively calculated. As a result, the correlation between various modalities can be established in a single model, and modality conversion supporting the optimal QoS can be performed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an encoding apparatus using a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) scanning, which includes: a mode selection means for selecting an optimal mode for intra prediction; an intra prediction means for performing intra prediction onto video inputted based on the mode selected in the mode selection means; a DCT and quantization means for performing DCT and quantization onto residual coefficients of a block outputted from the intra prediction means; and an entropy encoding means for performing entropy encoding onto DCT coefficients acquired from the DCT and quantization by using a scanning mode decided based on pixel similarity of the residual coefficients.

Abstract: Provided is a scalable video coding method and apparatus. Motion data of a high-quality fine grain scalability (FGS) layer is used for interlayer coding in order to remove redundancy between coarse grain scalability (CGS) layers or layers having different spatial resolutions, and information indicating that data of the FGS layer has been used for interlayer motion prediction is inserted for Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG)-4 scalable video encoding. A bitstream extractor checks the information and performs extraction to maintain the data of the FGS layer. MPEG-4 scalable video decoding is performed using the information. By using the FGS layer, interlayer redundancy can be efficiently removed, thereby improving encoding efficiency.