Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electrolyte composition useful in a dye-sensitized solar cell. The electrolyte includes a ring compound to which metal cations of an oxidation-reduction derivative are bound, so that the anions of the oxidation-reduction derivative can freely deliver electrons, thereby significantly improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cells.

Abstract: Organic electrolytic solutions are provided. One solution includes a lithium salt, an organic solvent including a first solvent having high permittivity and a second solvent having a low boiling point, and a phosphate compound. By using the phosphate based compound, the organic electrolytic solution and the lithium battery including the organic electrolytic solution are flame resistant and have excellent charge/discharge properties. As a result, the lithium battery is highly stable and reliable and has good charge/discharge efficiency.

Abstract: An organic electrolytic solution and a lithium battery employing the same are provided. The organic electrolytic solution includes: a lithium salt; an organic solvent containing a high dielectric constant solvent and a low boiling point solvent; and a dicarboxylic acid derivative having at least one substituted silyl group. The organic electrolytic solution and the lithium battery employing the same have improved reductive decomposition stability, thereby decreasing an irreversible capacity after a first cycle and improving the charge/discharge efficiency and lifespan of the battery. The lithium battery has non-varying chemical properties at room temperature and a uniform thickness after standard charging, and thus has high reliability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode including a positive active material; a negative electrode including a negative active material; a separator interposed between the positive and negative electrodes; and an electrolyte, where an alkaline metal powder layer is formed by dispersion coating on a surface of at least one of the positive and negative electrodes and the separator.

Abstract: A method of predischarging a novel battery wherein a stable lithiated film is formed at an anode by a small amount of the discharged capacity in order to rapidly recover the open circuit voltage of the battery, is disclosed. The battery includes a cathode using lithium metal as an active material, an anode using manganese dioxide as a main component of an active material, and an electrolyte including an inorganic electrolyte dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent containing at least propylene carbonate. The battery is predischarged by using a pulse current. The amount of discharge is not more than about 2% of the total discharge capacity. A lithiated film which is formed at the anode portion while being partially oxidized to lithium ions, is uniformed. By a small amount of the discharged capacity, a high potential portion can be removed and the gas generation reaction can be suppressed. In addition, the life of the battery is lengthened and the flatness of the battery's voltage is improved.