Abstract: A negative electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a negative active material layer including a negative active material, and a current collector supporting the negative active material layer. The negative active material may include first spherical crystalline carbon, the first spherical crystalline carbon including secondary particles in which primary particles of crystalline carbon are assembled, the first spherical crystalline carbon having a coating of crystalline carbon, second spherical crystalline carbon, the second spherical crystalline carbon including secondary particles in which primary particles of crystalline carbon are assembled, the second spherical crystalline carbon having a coating of amorphous carbon, and flake-shaped graphite.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exhaust gas particulate matter (PM) sensor. According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an exhaust gas particulate matter (PM) sensor that is provided on an exhaust line through which exhaust gas from a vehicle passes and is provided with an electrode formed to detect PM, the PM sensor including: a first insulating layer; a PM detection electrode placed under the first insulating layer; a temperature compensation electrode placed in parallel with the PM detection electrode; a second insulating layer placed under the PM detection electrode and the temperature compensation electrode; a heater electrode placed under the second insulating layer; and a third insulating layer placed under the heater electrode.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a negative active material layer including a negative active material, and a current collector supporting the negative active material layer. The negative active material may include first spherical crystalline carbon, the first spherical crystalline carbon including secondary particles in which primary particles of crystalline carbon are assembled, the first spherical crystalline carbon having a coating of crystalline carbon, second spherical crystalline carbon, the second spherical crystalline carbon including secondary particles in which primary particles of crystalline carbon are assembled, the second spherical crystalline carbon having a coating of amorphous carbon, and flake-shaped graphite.