Abstract: A light-emitting element includes a first semiconductor layer doped to have a first polarity, a second semiconductor layer doped to have a second polarity different from the first polarity, a light-emitting layer disposed between the first and second semiconductor layers, a shell layer formed on side surfaces of the first semiconductor layer, the light-emitting layer, and the second semiconductor layer, the shell layer including a divalent metal element, and an insulating film covering an outer surface of the shell layer and surrounding the side surface of the light-emitting layer.

Abstract: A pixel includes: a light emitting element; a first transistor including a gate electrode electrically connected to a first node, a second node to which a first power voltage for driving the light emitting element is to be applied, and a third node electrically connected to the light emitting element; and a bias control transistor configured to be controlled in operating timing thereof by a bias control signal, and configured to switch electrical connection between the second node and a bias power line for transmitting a bias voltage. In one frame period, a voltage level of the bias voltage to be applied to the second node sequentially increases.

Abstract: A pixel includes: a first transistor including a gate electrode electrically connected to a first node, a second node to which a first power voltage for driving the light emitting element is applied, and a third node electrically connected to the light emitting element; a first emission control transistor having an on-off timing controlled by a first emission control signal; and a second emission control transistor having an on-off timing controlled by a second emission control signal. A time interval exists between a time at which the first emission control signal having a turn-on level is input such that a voltage of the second node is dropped from a bias voltage having a voltage level higher than a voltage level of the first power voltage and a time at which the second emission control signal having a turn-on level is input.

Abstract: A display device includes: a first base having a display area; light-emitting elements on the first base; and an encapsulation layer over the light-emitting elements. The encapsulation layer includes: a first inorganic layer; an organic layer on the first inorganic layer; and a second inorganic layer on the organic layer. The first inorganic layer includes: a first buffer layer on the light-emitting elements; a first barrier layer on the first buffer layer; a first porous layer on the first barrier layer; a second barrier layer on the first porous layer; and a second buffer layer on the second barrier layer. A refractive index of the first buffer layer, the first barrier layer, and the first porous layer are different from one another, and the refractive index of the first porous layer is smaller than the refractive index of the first buffer layer and the first barrier layer.

Abstract: A pixel includes: a first transistor including a gate electrode electrically connected to a first node, a second node to which a first power voltage for driving the light emitting element is applied, and a third node electrically connected to the light emitting element; a first emission control transistor having an on-off timing controlled by a first emission control signal; and a second emission control transistor having an on-off timing controlled by a second emission control signal. A time interval exists between a time at which the first emission control signal having a turn-on level is input such that a voltage of the second node is dropped from a bias voltage having a voltage level higher than a voltage level of the first power voltage and a time at which the second emission control signal having a turn-on level is input.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include: a substrate including a peripheral circuit region and a cell region having a first cell region and a second cell region, the second cell region being farther from the peripheral circuit region than the first cell region; a plurality of memory cells disposed at intersection regions between first conductive lines and second conductive lines, respectively, the memory cells including a first memory cell disposed in the first cell region and a second memory cell disposed in the second cell region, wherein a first electrode layer of the first memory cell and a second electrode layer of the second memory cell include a conductive material, and wherein the first electrode layer further includes a first dopant that increases a resistivity of the conductive material.

Abstract: A forming method of an yttrium oxide fluoride (YOF) coating film and a (YOF) coating film formed thereby are disclosed. The YOF coating film has no or extremely small pores therein and a nanostructure to increase light transmittance thereof, and has high hardness and high bonding strength and thus can protect a transparent window of a display device. The method for forming an YOF coating film involves the steps of: providing pretreated YOF powder having a particle diameter ranging from 0.1 to 12 ?m; receiving a transfer gas supplied from a transfer gas supply unit and receiving the pretreated YOF powder supplied from a powder supply unit to transfer the pretreated YOF powder in an aerosol state; and colliding/smashing (spraying) the pretreated YOF powder transferred in the aerosol state with/onto a substrate in a process chamber to form an YOF coating film on the substrate.

Abstract: An in-situ X-ray analysis apparatus includes: a potentiostat connected to an in-situ electrochemical cell and configured to control a voltage, current, and time of the in-situ electrochemical cell, or to record voltage, current, resistance, capacity, and time information of the in-situ electrochemical cell; an X-ray analysis apparatus configured to obtain X-ray diffraction information of the in-situ electrochemical cell; and a controller connected to the X-ray analysis apparatus and the potentiostat and configured to provide or receive a signal to or from each of the X-ray analysis apparatus and the potentiostat.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for forming a ceramic coating having improved plasma resistance and a ceramic coating formed thereby. The present invention discloses the method for forming the ceramic coating having improved plasma resistance and the ceramic coating formed thereby, comprising the steps of: receiving, from a powder supply portion, a plurality of ceramic powders having a first powder particle size range, and transporting the powders using a transport gas; and forming a ceramic coating in which a plurality of first ceramic particles within a first coating particle size range and a plurality of second ceramic particles within a second coating particle size range, which is larger than the first coating particle size range, by causing the transported ceramic powders to collide with a substrate inside a process chamber, at the speed of 100 to 500 m/s so as to be pulverized.

Abstract: Provided is an in-situ X-ray analysis apparatus including a potentiostat connected to an in-situ electrochemical cell and configured to adjust voltage, current, and time of the in-situ electrochemical cell or to record information regarding voltage, current, resistance, capacity, and time information of the in-situ electrochemical cell; an X-ray analysis apparatus configured to obtain X-ray diffraction information regarding the in-situ electrochemical cell; and a controller connected to the X-ray analysis apparatus and the potentiostat and configured to provide or receive signals to or from the X-ray analysis apparatus and the potentiostat.

Abstract: A forming method of an yttrium oxide fluoride (YOF) coating film and a (YOF) coating film formed thereby are disclosed. The YOF coating film has no or extremely small pores therein and a nanostructure to increase light transmittance thereof, and has high hardness and high bonding strength and thus can protect a transparent window of a display device. The method for forming an YOF coating film involves the steps of: providing pretreated YOF powder having a particle diameter ranging from 0.1 to 12 ?m; receiving a transfer gas supplied from a transfer gas supply unit and receiving the pretreated YOF powder supplied from a powder supply unit to transfer the pretreated YOF powder in an aerosol state; and colliding/smashing (spraying) the pretreated YOF powder transferred in the aerosol state with/onto a substrate in a process chamber to form an YOF coating film on the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the method for forming the coating having the composite coating particle size and the coating formed thereby, comprising the steps of: receiving, from a powder supply portion, a plurality of powders within a first powder particle size range, and transporting the powders using a transport gas; and forming a coating in which a plurality of first particles within a first coating particle size range and a plurality of second particles within a second coating particle size range, which is larger than the first coating particle size range, by causing the transported powders to collide with a substrate inside a process chamber at the speed of 100 to 500 m/s so as to be pulverized.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for forming a transparent fluorine film, and a transparent fluorine film formed thereby, and the technical issues to be resolved are to provide a method for forming a transparent fluorine film, and transparent fluorine film formed thereby that can protect the transparent windows of display devices by having not only high transmissivity due to no or extremely small nano-structured pores in the interior, but also having high strength and adhesiveness. To that end, disclosed are a method for forming a transparent fluorine film, and a transparent fluorine film formed thereby, the method comprising the steps of: receiving transport gas from a transport gas supply unit and YF3 powder from a powder supply unit, and transporting the YF3 powder in aerosol form; and colliding and crushing the YF3 powder transported in aerosol form against a substrate in the interior of a processing chamber, and forming a transparent YF3 film on the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is an in-situ X-ray analysis apparatus including a potentiostat connected to an in-situ electrochemical cell and configured to adjust voltage, current, and time of the in-situ electrochemical cell or to record information regarding voltage, current, resistance, capacity, and time information of the in-situ electrochemical cell; an X-ray analysis apparatus configured to obtain X-ray diffraction information regarding the in-situ electrochemical cell; and a controller connected to the X-ray analysis apparatus and the potentiostat and configured to provide or receive signals to or from the X-ray analysis apparatus and the potentiostat.

Abstract: A pawl member holding unit of a retractor for a seat belt includes: a cam protrusion which is provided at the other side of a torsion bar that is provided inside a spool, shares a rotation axis with the spool, and rotates together with the spool, the cam protrusion moving in accordance with the rotation of the torsion bar by an operation of a pretensioner; and a rotating member which rotates about a rotating shaft in accordance with the movement of the cam protrusion, and applies external force in a direction opposite to a direction in which a pawl member, which performs an automatic locking function, protrudes.

Abstract: A pawl member holding unit of a retractor for a seat belt includes: a cam protrusion which is provided at the other side of a torsion bar that is provided inside a spool, shares a rotation axis with the spool, and rotates together with the spool, the cam protrusion moving in accordance with the rotation of the torsion bar by an operation of a pretensioner; and a rotating member which rotates about a rotating shaft in accordance with the movement of the cam protrusion, and applies external force in a direction opposite to a direction in which a pawl member, which performs an automatic locking function, protrudes.

Abstract: A pretensioner having a fracture connection-type rack gear includes: a housing having a receiving space; a pinion gear provided in the receiving space, connected to a rotating shaft of a spool around which a webbing of a seat belt is wound, and rotated by rotation of the spool; a micro gas generator generating explosive power by impact from the outside; a conveying pipe having one side connected with the micro gas generator and the other side having an opening and connected to the receiving space; ball members provided in the conveying pipe, and conveyed toward the receiving space by the explosive power; and a rack gear provided to be fixed into the receiving space by a fixing unit, meshing with the pinion gear when the fixing unit is fractured, and rotating the pinion gear, by residual thrust of the ball members, in a direction in which the webbing is retracted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for forming a ceramic coating having improved plasma resistance and a ceramic coating formed thereby. The present invention discloses the method for forming the ceramic coating having improved plasma resistance and the ceramic coating formed thereby, comprising the steps of: receiving, from a powder supply portion, a plurality of ceramic powders having a first powder particle size range, and transporting the powders using a transport gas; and forming a ceramic coating in which a plurality of first ceramic particles within a first coating particle size range and a plurality of second ceramic particles within a second coating particle size range, which is larger than the first coating particle size range, by causing the transported ceramic powders to collide with a substrate inside a process chamber, at the speed of 100 to 500 m/s so as to be pulverized.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the method for forming the coating having the composite coating particle size and the coating formed thereby, comprising the steps of: receiving, from a powder supply portion, a plurality of powders within a first powder particle size range, and transporting the powders using a transport gas; and forming a coating in which a plurality of first particles within a first coating particle size range and a plurality of second particles within a second coating particle size range, which is larger than the first coating particle size range, by causing the transported powders to collide with a substrate inside a process chamber at the speed of 100 to 500 m/s so as to be pulverized.

Abstract: There is provided a camera module. The camera module includes: a lens barrel including at least one lens; a housing receiving the lens barrel and having an opening in one surface thereof; an actuator driving the lens barrel through the opening; and a preload control part receiving the actuator therein and forming one surface of the housing by being coupled to the opening such that preload generated from the lens barrel and the actuator is controlled.