Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a lower electrode; a supporter supporting an outer wall of the lower electrode; a dielectric layer formed on the lower electrode and the supporter; an upper electrode on the dielectric layer; a first interfacial layer disposed between the lower electrode and the dielectric layer and selectively formed on a surface of the lower electrode among the lower electrode and the supporter; and a second interfacial layer disposed between the dielectric layer and the upper electrode, wherein the first interfacial layer is a stack of a metal oxide contacting the lower electrode and a metal nitride contacting the dielectric layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image sensing device including a first pixel group including at least one first half-shading pixel and at least one first normal pixel, and an image processor suitable for using a first pixel signal, which is generated from the first half-shading pixel during a first period, as phase information, and using a first pixel signal, which is generated from the first half-shading pixel during a second period, as dynamic range information.

Abstract: An image sensing device includes an image sensor including at least one pixel including a plurality of color channels and an image processor for processing an input image, based on brightness intensity values of the plurality of color channels. The image processor includes: a transmission map generator for generating color channel transmission maps including transmission values that are obtained by respectively converting brightness intensity values of the plurality of color channels, and generating a target transmission map including target transmission values that are obtained by multiplying transmission values among the transmission values that correspond to color channels; a white pixel detector for determining target pixels that are included in a white area, based on the target transmission map; and a white balance adjuster for adjusting white balance, based on average brightness intensity values of respective color channels.

Abstract: An image sensing device includes an image sensor including at least one pixel including a plurality of color channels and an image processor for processing an input image, based on brightness intensity values of the plurality of color channels. The image processor includes: a transmission map generator for generating color channel transmission maps including transmission values that are obtained by respectively converting brightness intensity values of the plurality of color channels, and generating a target transmission map including target transmission values that are obtained by multiplying transmission values among the transmission values that correspond to color channels; a white pixel detector for determining target pixels that are included in a white area, based on the target transmission map; and a white balance adjuster for adjusting white balance, based on average brightness intensity values of respective color channels.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image sensing device including a first pixel group including at least one first half-shading pixel and at least one first normal pixel, and an image processor suitable for using a first pixel signal, which is generated from the first half-shading pixel during a first period, as phase information, and using a first pixel signal, which is generated from the first half-shading pixel during a second period, as dynamic range information.

Abstract: Provided is an image sensor. The image sensor includes a pixel array including a plurality of pixel blocks. Each of the plurality of pixel blocks includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix form. Each of the plurality of pixels includes a plurality of phase difference sensing pixels. Each of the plurality of phase difference sensing pixels may be periodically repeatedly arranged in the pixel array in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an auto-focus system and method based on a sensor, using hierarchical extraction and motion estimation for an image. The auto-focus method may include the steps of: (a) extracting a phase difference image from a sensed image; (b) extracting a robust feature image which satisfies a preset reference with respect to noise and out-of-focus blur, from the phase difference image; and (C) estimating a motion vector for lens shift from the feature image.

Abstract: Provided is an image sensor. The image sensor includes a pixel array including a plurality of pixel blocks. Each of the plurality of pixel blocks includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix form. Each of the plurality of pixels includes a plurality of phase difference sensing pixels. Each of the plurality of phase difference sensing pixels may be periodically repeatedly arranged in the pixel array in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an auto-focus system and method based on a sensor, using hierarchical extraction and motion estimation for an image. The auto-focus method may include the steps of: (a) extracting a phase difference image from a sensed image; (b) extracting a robust feature image which satisfies a preset reference with respect to noise and out-of-focus blur, from the phase difference image; and (C) estimating a motion vector for lens shift from the feature image.