Abstract: A display device may include a first electrode, a second electrode, an emission layer, an intervening layer, and a first encapsulation layer. The second electrode may overlap the first electrode. The emission layer may be disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, may overlap the first electrode, and may include a light emitting material. The intervening layer may directly contact the second electrode, may be spaced from each of the first electrode and the emission layer, and may include a fluorine compound. A first section of the first encapsulation layer may overlap the emission layer. The intervening layer may be positioned between the second electrode and a second section of the first encapsulation layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nanovesicles which express immunomodulatory proteins or targeting proteins, methods for preparing the same and uses thereof. More specifically, the present invention provides plasma membrane bleb-based nanovesicles which are prepared more homogeneously than existing plasma membrane bleb-based nanovesicles, by using cell lines expressing various immunomodulatory proteins or targeting proteins in the plasma membrane as materials, methods for preparing the nanovesicles, pharmaceutical compositions including the nanovesicles, methods for inducing immunity using the nanovesicles and methods for signal transduction or targeting using the nanovesicles.

Abstract: A pressure sensor includes: a base substrate including an embossed pattern; a first conductive layer disposed on the base substrate; a pressure sensitive material layer disposed on the first conductive layer such that its electrical characteristic is varied corresponding to a strain applied thereto, the pressure sensitive material layer including a dielectric and nanoparticles dispersed in the dielectric; and a second conductive layer disposed on the pressure sensitive material layer, wherein the dielectric and the nanoparticle include materials having pyroelectricities of polarities opposite to each other.

Abstract: A parity interleaving apparatus and method for variable length signaling information are disclosed. A parity interleaving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a parity bit string for parity puncturing by segmenting parity bits of an LDPC codeword whose length is 16200 and whose code rate is 3/15, into a plurality of groups, and group-wise interleaving the groups using an order of group-wise interleaving; and memory configured to provide the parity bit string for parity puncturing to a parity puncturing unit.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for broadcast signal frame using a bootstrap and a preamble are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving on a BICM output signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a bootstrap and a preamble using the time-interleaved signal.

Abstract: A zero padding apparatus and method for fixed length signaling information are disclosed. A zero padding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a LDPC information bit string by deciding a number of groups whose all bits are to be filled with 0 using a difference between a length of the LDPC information bit string and a length of a BCH-encoded bit string, selecting the groups using a shortening pattern order to fill all the bits of the groups with 0, and filling at least a part of remaining groups, which are not filled with 0, with the BCH-encoded bit string; and memory configured to provide the LDPC information bit string to an LDPC encoder.

Abstract: A modulator and a modulation method using a non-uniform 16-symbol signal constellation are disclosed. The modulator includes a memory and a processor. The memory receives a codeword corresponding to a low-density parity check (LDPC) code having a code rate of 4/15. The processor maps the codeword to 16 symbols of the non-uniform 16-symbol signal constellation on a 4-bit basis.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus of broadcast gateway signaling for channel bonding. The apparatus for broadcast gateway signaling includes an input formatting unit configured to generate baseband packets corresponding to channel bonding; and a stream partitioner configured to allocate the baseband packets to two or more RF channels of the channel bonding for generating an outer tunnel data stream, the outer tunnel data stream generated in different ways according to a plurality of operation modes for the channel bonding.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting broadcast signal to which channel bonding is applied are disclosed. The apparatus according to the present invention includes an input formatting unit configured to generate baseband packets corresponding to a plurality of packet types using data corresponding to a physical layer pipe; a stream partitioner configured to partition the baseband packets into a plurality of partitioned streams corresponding to the plurality of packet types; BICM units configured to perform error correction encoding, interleaving and modulation corresponding to the plurality of partitioned streams, respectively; and waveform generators configured to generate RF transmission signals corresponding to the plurality of partitioned streams, respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed is a field emission-type tomosynthesis system including a vacuum body having a space therein; a plurality of sources provided inside the body, wherein each of the sources emits a plurality of electrons; and a plurality of anodes disposed inside the body to face the sources and responsible for emitting a plurality of X-rays, wherein each of the anodes faces a corresponding source among the sources, and the electrons collide with each of the anodes to generate X-rays, wherein the X-ray emission angle of each of the anodes is capable of being independently adjusted so as to focus the X-rays emitted toward an object located outside the body. With this configuration, a plurality of X-rays is focused on an object and is emitted to the object to obtain information, and the information is synthesized, thereby improving the reliability of information about the object.

Abstract: A zero padding apparatus and method for variable length signaling information are disclosed. A zero padding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a LDPC information bit string by deciding a number of groups whose all bits are to be filled with 0 using a difference between a length of the LDPC information bit string and a length of a BCH-encoded bit string, selecting the groups using a shortening pattern order to fill all the bits of the groups with 0, and filling at least a part of remaining groups, which are not filled with 0, with the BCH-encoded bit string; and memory configured to provide the LDPC information bit string to an LDPC encoder.

Abstract: Vehicle air conditioning apparatus comprising air conditioning case with inlet and outlet, partition wall dividing the inner space into a first and a second space portions; cooling heat exchanger disposed inside the air conditioning case to span the first and second space portions and connected to the outlet; and heat exchanger disposed inside the air conditioning case to span the first and second space portions. The air conditioning case includes a first flow path disposed in the second space portion below the heat exchanger; a channel part disposed behind the heat exchanger, with its entrance communicating with the first flow path, and exit communicating with the first space portion. Accordingly, a portion of air flowing to the first flow path via cooling heat exchanger without passing through heat exchanger is guided to the first space portion via the channel part without being mixed with air passing through heating heat exchanger.

Abstract: A display device includes: a pixel circuit layer including a base layer, a pixel circuit, and a passivation layer including a well area and a protrusion area; and a light-emitting-element layer disposed on the pixel circuit layer, and including a light emitting element, and a connecting electrode, the light emitting element including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an emission part. The connecting electrode is disposed in the protrusion area, and at least a portion of the connecting electrode overlaps the well area and does not contact the passivation layer. The emission part includes a hole layer, an electron layer, and an emission layer. The hole layer connects the first electrode and the emission layer. The electron layer connects the second electrode and the emission layer. Each of the hole layer and the second electrode has an end portion on the connecting electrode.

Abstract: Air-conditioning apparatus for vehicle comprising an air-conditioning case with an inlet portion and a discharge port, and a first partition wall partitioning the inner space thereof into a first space portion and a second space portion; a cooling heat exchanger arranged in the air-conditioning case through the first space portion and the second space portion, and connected to the inlet portion; and a heating heat exchanger arranged in the air-conditioning case through the first space portion and the second space portion, wherein the air-conditioning case comprises a second partition wall which partitions the second space portion into a plurality of space portions, and a first door which is arranged in a third space portion from among the plurality of space portions and disposed behind the heating heat exchanger. The first door adjusts the opening degree of the heating heat exchanger in the third space portion.

Abstract: A parity interleaving apparatus and method for variable length signaling information are disclosed. A parity interleaving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a parity bit string for parity puncturing by segmenting parity bits of an LDPC codeword whose length is 16200 and whose code rate is 3/15, into a plurality of groups, and group-wise interleaving the groups using an order of group-wise interleaving; and memory configured to provide the parity bit string for parity puncturing to a parity puncturing unit.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for broadcast signal frame using a bootstrap and a preamble are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving on a BICM output signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a bootstrap and a preamble using the time-interleaved signal.

Abstract: A Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, a control method of the GPS receiver, and a GPS system are provided, which are capable of reducing an initial position check time using an SBAS signal transmitted from a SBAS satellite. The control method of a GPS receiver includes receiving an SBAS signal from a SBAS satellite and calculating a satellite clock and a satellite position of the GPS receiver using the received SBAS signal. The SBAS signal may contain a difference value between the ephemeris data and the almanac data of the GPS satellite. The difference value between the ephemeris data and the almanac data may include a satellite clock difference value and a satellite position difference value for the GPS satellite. Accordingly, it is possible to acquire the current position and time information more quickly and accurately, by shortening the initial position check time using the difference value between the ephemeris data and the almanac data included in the SBAS signal.

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner is provided, which includes a main body; a dust collection unit arranged in the main body to collect dusts from air that flows into the main body along an intake passage; and a suction unit arranged at a downstream that is lower than a location of the dust collection unit on the intake passage to provide a suction force, wherein the suction unit includes a suction force generator, an exhaust passage configured to switch a discharge direction of the air that has passed through the suction force generator at least twice, and a plurality of sound-absorbing members arranged on the exhaust passage to pass the air therethrough.

Abstract: A Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, a control method of the GPS receiver, and a GPS system are provided, which are capable of reducing an initial position check time using an SBAS signal transmitted from a SBAS satellite. The control method of a GPS receiver includes receiving an SBAS signal from a SBAS satellite and calculating a satellite clock and a satellite position of the GPS receiver using the received SBAS signal. The SBAS signal may contain a difference value between the ephemeris data and the almanac data of the GPS satellite. The difference value between the ephemeris data and the almanac data may include a satellite clock difference value and a satellite position difference value for the GPS satellite. Accordingly, it is possible to acquire the current position and time information more quickly and accurately, by shortening the initial position check time using the difference value between the ephemeris data and the almanac data included in the SBAS signal.

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner is provided, which includes a main body; a dust collection unit arranged in the main body to collect dusts from air that flows into the main body along an intake passage; and a suction unit arranged at a downstream that is lower than a location of the dust collection unit on the intake passage to provide a suction force, wherein the suction unit includes a suction force generator, an exhaust passage configured to switch a discharge direction of the air that has passed through the suction force generator at least twice, and a plurality of sound-absorbing members arranged on the exhaust passage to pass the air therethrough.