Abstract: A curved display device includes a display substrate curved in a first direction, an opposite substrate coupled to the display substrate, where the opposite substrate is curved together with the display substrate, and a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules disposed between the display substrate and the opposite substrate. The opposite substrate includes a common electrode and a first alignment layer disposed on the common electrode, where the first alignment layer aligns a first portion of the liquid crystal molecules at a first pretilt angle. The display substrate includes: a pixel electrode, where a plurality of slits is defined in the pixel electrode; and a second alignment layer disposed on the pixel electrode, where the second alignment layer aligns a second portion of the liquid crystal molecules at a second pretilt-angle, which is less than the first pretilt-angle.

Abstract: An iris scanning camera module includes a housing having an internal space, and a first lens module and a second lens module inside the internal space. The first lens module and the second lens module have optical axes parallel to each other. An image sensor is configured to convert light passing through the first lens module and the second lens module into an image. The image sensor is divided into a region including a color pixel array and as another region including a black-and-white pixel array. The color pixel array is aligned in an optical axis direction of the first lens module, and the black-and-white pixel array is aligned in an optical axis direction of the second lens module.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a semiconductor memory, and the semiconductor memory may include a free layer having a variable magnetization direction; a pinned layer having a fixed magnetization direction; and a tunnel barrier layer interposed between the free layer and the pinned layer, wherein the free layer may include: a first sublayer having a damping constant of 0.1 or less; a second sublayer having a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy energy density ranging from 1.0×104 to 1.0×108 erg/cm3; and an insertion layer interposed between the first sublayer and the second sublayer.

Abstract: A vertical non-volatile memory device includes a lower insulating layer on a substrate, a multilayer structure including gate electrodes and interlayer insulating layers alternately stacked on the lower insulating layer, a gate dielectric layer and a channel structure, and has an opening extending through the multilayer structure and exposing the lower insulating layer. The opening includes a first open portion extending through at least one layer of the multilayer structure at a first width, and a second open portion extending through the multilayer structure at a second width less than the first width. The gate dielectric layer lines the opening, and the channel structure is disposed on the gate dielectric layer and is electrically connected to the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes an ultrasonic welding apparatus, which improves the welding strength of an electrode tab and an electrode lead included in a secondary battery, and a secondary battery with an enhanced electrode structure strength by using the ultrasonic welding apparatus. The secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in which a cathode plate provided with a cathode tab, an anode plate provided with an anode tab, and a separator are stacked in turn; a pouch for receiving the electrode assembly; a cathode lead electrically coupled to the cathode tab by welding; and an anode lead electrically coupled to the anode tab by welding, wherein the density of welding points, formed at a welding surface between the anode lead and the anode tab, is higher than that of welding points, formed at a welding surface between the cathode lead and the cathode tab.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus for wirelessly transmitting power characterized by confirming the location of a receiver and transmitting wireless power to the confirmed location. More particularly, the apparatus for wirelessly transmitting power includes a beamformer configured to form beams with a first width and sequentially transmit the formed beams with the first width to different spaces that are physically separated from each other and at least partially overlap; a reception part configured to receive reception power values corresponding to the transmitted beams with the first width; a calculator configured to calculate a phase of the receiver using a plurality of high reception power values based on magnitudes of the received reception power values; and an estimator configured to estimate a location of the receiver based on the calculated receiver phase, wherein wireless power is transmitted to the estimated receiver location.

Abstract: A method for verifying mask data in a computing device includes receiving layout data, receiving mask data, determining an interaction number between a pattern corresponding to the layout data and a pattern corresponding to the mask data, and detecting an error of the mask data based on the interaction number.

Abstract: A digital radiographic detector uses an IGZO active layer in the switching element for each imaging pixel in a two-dimensional array of imaging pixels. Each imaging pixel has a photo-sensitive element and the switching element. Read-out circuits electrically connected to the two-dimensional array generate a radiographic image by reading out image data by switching on and off the switching elements. The IGZO active layer may be formed having a thickness less than about 7 nm.

Abstract: A bearing for a drive motor is provided. The bearing includes an inner race that is coupled to a rotation shaft, an outer race that is coupled to a motor housing, and rolling members that are rotatably disposed between a raceway surface of the inner race and a raceway surface of the outer race. Additionally, a retainer is disposed between the inner race and the outer race and supports the rolling members at a predetermined interval along a circumferential direction. A conductive guide member is formed in each of the inner race and the outer race and forms a current path between the inner race and the outer race through the retainer.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless communication method performed at an access point to enhance the transmission efficiency in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the method including scheduling a transmission time of an enhanced traffic indicator map (TIM) frame based on a type of a station, and transmitting a second beacon including the enhanced TIM frame to the station at a point in time aside from a transmission point in time of a first beacon.

Abstract: The present invention provides a safe path planning method including a process of using a grid map and a congestion map, and a process of planning a path of a mobile robot using a cost function.

Abstract: A touch sensor includes sensing electrodes and a sensing line. The sensing line is coupled to the sensing electrodes. Each of the sensing electrodes includes a first region and a second region. The first region has a flat surface. The second region is disposed around a perimeter of the first region. The surface of the second region forms an inclination angle relative to the flat surface of the first region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for labelling fluorine-18, which is a radioisotope, and more specifically, to a method for labelling a [18F]fluoride in a method for preparing an organic [18F]fluoro compound by reacting an alkyl halide or an alkyl sulfonate with a [18F]fluoride, wherein a [18F]fluoride supported on a quaternary alkyl ammonium polymer support is eluted using a solution containing a metal salt or a quaternary ammonium salt with an adjusted pH, and a base is not additionally used. The present invention enables a labeling reaction without an additional base after precisely reflecting the concentration of a base absolutely necessary for the nucleophilic substitution of a [18F]fluoride or eluting a [18F]fluoride using a [18F]fluoride eluent with an adjusted pH, thereby stably obtaining a [18F]fluoride-labelled compound in a high yield, and is thus useful for production of fluorine-18-labelled radioactive medical supplies.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes: a display panel; a light source package configured to supply light; and a light guide plate configured to receive the light supplied by the light source package and guide the light to the display panel. The light source package includes: a light source configured to generate the light; a first reflector disposed around the light source; a light converter disposed between the light source and the light guide plate, the light converter being configured to convert properties of the light directed toward the light guide plate; and a second reflector protruding from the light converter toward the light source, the second reflector being configured to reflect the light generated by the light source toward the first reflector, and to reflect light reflected by the light converter toward the light guide plate.

Abstract: Provided are a true random number generator and an oscillator. The random number generator includes an oscillator configured to output signals and oscillate a random number of times until phases of the signals being output are inverted with respect to each other after initialization, and a counter configured to count the number of oscillations. The counted number of oscillations is used as a seed for generating a random number.

Abstract: An inspection system for a vehicle includes a vision inspection device including a plurality of vision camera and a plurality of laser device which move along exterior and sides of a door, which will be inspected, and inspect segmented sections respectively, a hanger device clamping the hemmed door on a hanger frame, and a jig device which clamps the hanger frame of the hanger device, and moves the door toward the vision inspection device for the vision inspection device to inspect the door fixed to the hanger device.

Abstract: A joining apparatus for panel sheets and a joining method for panel sheets using the same are provided. The joining apparatus includes an element punching device which stores and supplies elements according to a specification of a panel sheet and inserts the element into a first panel sheet among different types of panel sheets. Additionally, a welding device resistively welds a part of the first panel sheet into which the element is inserted by the element punching device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fifth generation (5G) or pre-5G communication system for supporting higher data transmission rates beyond fourth generation (4G) communication systems such as LTE systems. A data communication method includes receiving information about a reception rate of a signal from a second user equipment (UE) performing device-to-device (D2D) communication with a first UE, receiving location information about at least one of the first UE and the second UE, determining a data communication configuration for the D2D communication based on the reception rate information and the location information, and transmitting the determined data communication configuration to at least one of the first UE and the second UE.