Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprises two parallel spaced substrates and a liquid crystal layer with negative dielectric anisotropy interposed between the substrates. The ratio d/p, the cell gap d between the substrates to the pitch p of the liquid crystal layer, is equal to or less than 0.3, and the retardation value ?n*d may be in the range of 0.25-0.4. In absence of electric field, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged vertically to the substrates, and when the sufficient electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are parallel to the substrates and twisted by 90° from one substrate to the other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a switching element disposed on the first substrate; a pixel electrode connected to the switching element and supplied with a data voltage; an opposing electrode disposed on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and including liquid crystal molecules. The pixel electrode includes a cutout and a liquid crystal direction controller that are alternately disposed. The cutout and the liquid crystal direction controller divide the pixel electrode into a plurality of sub-regions, and inclination directions of the liquid crystal molecules are different according to the plurality of sub-regions when the pixel electrode is supplied with the data voltage. The liquid crystal direction controller is concave downward or convex upward with respect to a surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: An electrowetting device includes: a lower substrate and an upper substrate which face each other; a first electrode on the lower substrate; an insulating layer on the first electrode; a second electrode on the upper substrate; and a first fluid and a second fluid between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. The first fluid includes a solvent, a dye and a scattering enhancer.

Abstract: Apertures are formed in the common electrode or in the pixel electrode of a liquid crystal display to form a fringe field. Storage capacitor electrodes are formed at the position corresponding to the apertures to prevent the light leakage due to the disclination caused by the fringe field. The apertures extend horizontally, vertically or obliquely. The apertures in adjacent pixel regions may have different directions to widen the viewing angle.

Abstract: A substrate for an electrowetting display device including a pixel electrode, a partition wall pattern and a water-repellent pattern. The pixel electrode is formed on a base substrate. The partition wall pattern is disposed along an edge of the pixel electrode to expose the pixel electrode. The water-repellent pattern is disposed at a space formed by the pixel electrode and the partition wall pattern to be extended along a lower portion of side surfaces of the partition wall pattern from an area on which the pixel electrode is formed. The water-repellent pattern exposes an upper portion of the side surfaces and an upper surface of the partition wall pattern. Thus, a manufacturing reliability of a substrate for an electrowetting display device is improved to prevent a display quality from being reduced.

Abstract: An array substrate includes a lower substrate, a switching element and a pixel electrode. In the lower substrate, unit pixel areas are each divided into a plurality of domains. The switching element is disposed on the lower substrate and transmits a pixel signal. The pixel electrode is disposed on the unit pixel area and is electrically connected to the switching element. The pixel electrode includes a plurality of branch portions disposed thereon. A portion of the branch portions is longitudinally extended in a zigzag shape along different directions in correspondence with the domains.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device that includes an array substrate, an opposite substrate and a liquid crystal display layer is described. The array substrate includes a pixel electrode and a lower alignment layer. The pixel electrode has a plurality of slit portions extending in different directions. The lower alignment layer includes a reactive mesogen (RM) diamine is formed on the pixel electrode to induce an alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules. An upper alignment layer is formed on a common electrode of the opposite substrate. The RM is cured at surfaces of the lower and upper alignment layers in response to ultraviolet (UV) light, so that liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle. Therefore, the aperture ratio and the response time may be improved, and afterimages may be decreased, so that display quality may be improved.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; an alignment layer positioned on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the alignment layer includes a main chain and at least one side chain connected to the main chain, the at least one side chain includes at least one kind of vertical alignment side chain and at least two kinds of reaction monomer side chains, the reaction monomer side chains include a main reaction monomer and a sub-reaction monomer, and a length of the main reaction monomer is longer than the length of the sub-reaction monomer. The liquid crystal display provides an excellent pretilt characteristic and improved modulus of the formed polymer, thereby minimizing the afterimage.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pixel electrode including a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode spaced apart with a gap therebetween, a common electrode facing the pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal layer formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode and including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. The first and second subpixel electrodes include a plurality of branches, and each of the first and second subpixel electrodes includes a plurality of subregions. The branches extend in different directions in different subregions.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display may include: a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a field generating electrode disposed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, an alignment layer disposed on the field generating electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The alignment layer may include a lower layer including an organic material and an upper layer disposed on the lower layer and including an inorganic material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device that includes an array substrate, an opposite substrate and a liquid crystal display layer is described. The array substrate includes a pixel electrode and a lower alignment layer. The pixel electrode has a plurality of slit portions extending in different directions. The lower alignment layer includes a reactive mesogen (RM) diamine is formed on the pixel electrode to induce an alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules. An upper alignment layer is formed on a common electrode of the opposite substrate. The RM is cured at surfaces of the lower and upper alignment layers in response to ultraviolet (UV) light, so that liquid crystal molecules have a pretilt angle. Therefore, the aperture ratio and the response time may be improved, and afterimages may be decreased, so that display quality may be improved.

Abstract: A substrate for an electrowetting display device including a pixel electrode, a partition wall pattern and a water-repellent pattern. The pixel electrode is formed on a base substrate. The partition wall pattern is disposed along an edge of the pixel electrode to expose the pixel electrode. The water-repellent pattern is disposed at a space formed by the pixel electrode and the partition wall pattern to be extended along a lower portion of side surfaces of the partition wall pattern from an area on which the pixel electrode is formed. The water-repellent pattern exposes an upper portion of the side surfaces and an upper surface of the partition wall pattern. Thus, a manufacturing reliability of a substrate for an electrowetting display device is improved to prevent a display quality from being reduced.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprises two parallel spaced substrates and a liquid crystal layer with negative dielectric anisotropy interposed between the substrates. The ratio d/p, the cell gap d between the substrates to the pitch p of the liquid crystal layer, is equal to or less than 0.3, and the retardation value ?n*d may be in the range of 0.25-0.4. In absence of electric field, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged vertically to the substrates, and when the sufficient electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are parallel to the substrates and twisted by 90° from one substrate to the other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display including a pixel electrode including a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode spaced apart with a gap therebetween, a common electrode facing the pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal layer formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode and including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. The first and second subpixel electrodes include a plurality of branches, and each of the first and second subpixel electrodes includes a plurality of subregions. The branches extend in different directions in different subregions.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an array substrate, an opposite substrate and a liquid crystal display layer. The array substrate includes a pixel electrode and a lower reactive mesogen layer. The pixel electrode includes a plurality of slit portions disposed on a plurality of domains in different directions. The lower reactive mesogen layer is disposed on the pixel electrode to induce an inclined direction of liquid crystal molecules. The opposite substrate includes an upper substrate. An upper reactive mesogen layer is disposed on a common electrode of the opposite substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules arranged to have a pretilt angle between a surface of the lower reactive mesogen layer and a surface of the upper reactive mesogen layer.

Abstract: Apertures are formed in the common electrode or in the pixel electrode of a liquid crystal display to form a fringe field. Storage capacitor electrodes are formed at the position corresponding to the apertures to prevent the light leakage due to the disclination caused by the fringe field. The apertures extend horizontally, vertically or obliquely. The apertures in adjacent pixel regions may have different directions to widen the viewing angle.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes thin film transistors (TFTs) respectively coupled to different gate lines and to a pixel electrode and a direction control electrode, and to which different gate-off voltages are respectively applied. Alternatively, a reduced gate voltage is applied to the pixel electrode TFT according to a coupling capacitance. Alternatively, the pixel and direction control TFTs are coupled to the same gate line, and portions of a gate insulating layer are formed with different thicknesses. Resulting differences in the voltages respectively applied to the two TFTs or in the electric fields respectively applied to the two electrodes prevent leakage current of the direction control electrode TFT, thereby enabling stable multi-domains to be implemented in the LCD without applying a high voltage.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprises two parallel spaced substrates and a liquid crystal layer with negative dielectric anisotropy interposed between the substrates. The ratio d/p, the cell gap d between the substrates to the pitch p of the liquid crystal layer, is equal to or less than 0.3, and the retardation value ?n*d may be in the range of 0.25-0.4. In absence of electric field, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged vertically to the substrates, and when the sufficient electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are parallel to the substrates and twisted by 90° from one substrate to the other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (“LCD”) panel includes a display substrate, an opposite substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The display substrate includes a pixel electrode and a first cured layer. The first cured layer has various pretilt angles. The opposite substrate includes a common electrode and a second cured layer. The second cured layer has various pretilt angles. The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules pretilted at the various pretilt angles by the first and second cured layers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an array substrate, an opposite substrate and a liquid crystal display layer. The array substrate includes a pixel electrode and a lower reactive mesogen layer. The pixel electrode includes a plurality of slit portions disposed on a plurality of domains in different directions. The lower reactive mesogen layer is disposed on the pixel electrode to induce an inclined direction of liquid crystal molecules. The opposite substrate includes an upper substrate. An upper reactive mesogen layer is disposed on a common electrode of the opposite substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules arranged to have a pretilt angle between a surface of the lower reactive mesogen layer and a surface of the upper reactive mesogen layer.