Abstract: A method for operating a first communication node, in one embodiment of a communication system, comprises the steps of: generating a first binary sequence and a second binary sequence; generating, on the basis of the first and second binary sequences and a BPSK operation, a first intermediate sequence having 2N elements; generating, on the basis of an operation on the elements of the first intermediate sequence, a first signal sequence including N elements; mapping, to N subcarriers, first modulation symbols generated by modulating the first signal sequence; and transmitting a first signal including the mapped first modulation symbols, wherein the first and second binary sequences are generated on the basis of generator polynomials of which the maximum order is p+1, wherein p is a natural number and N can be a natural number having a value of (2p?1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an operating system for a battery exchange station and an operating method for a battery exchange station by using same. The operating system for a battery exchange station, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a plurality of battery exchange stations; a terminal on which a dedicated application is installed, and which receives an application and service information, input from a user, for a delivery service that performs battery delivery between the plurality of battery exchange stations; and an operating server which communicates with the plurality of battery exchange stations and the terminal, wherein the operating server may determine an arrival station for the battery delivery on the basis of a degree of battery exchange congestion determined for each of the plurality of battery exchange stations.

Abstract: A method by which a first communication node operates in a communication system comprises the steps of: generating a first sequence and a second sequence; generating a first signal sequence on the basis of the first sequence and the second sequence; and transmitting a first signal generated by modulating the first signal sequence, wherein even-numbered elements and odd numbered elements of the first signal sequence are classified into a first element group and a second element group, respectively, and any one of the first sequence and the second sequence can be mapped in ascending order in the first element group, and the other one thereof can be mapped in descending order in the second element group.

Abstract: A shared vehicle dispatch system dispatches shared vehicles based on driver grades classified by learning user driving patterns, and a shared vehicle dispatch method uses the shared vehicle dispatch system. The shared vehicle dispatch system includes a shared vehicle having a vehicle controller configured to learn driving pattern information of a user, a user terminal, operated by the user, equipped with a dedicated application installed for requesting the dispatch of the shared vehicle, and an operation server communicating with the shared vehicle to receive the learned driving pattern information, where the operation server may determine a driver grade for the user who operated the shared vehicle based on the received driving pattern information.

Abstract: A system and method support automatic downloading and reprogramming of firmware utilizing a battery management system provided inside a battery pack in which a battery is mounted in a vehicle in an exchangeable manner. The system includes: a vehicle controller which communicates with a plurality of part controllers provided inside an electric vehicle so as to receive and store version information of firmware of each of the part controllers; the battery management system provided in the battery pack of the electric vehicle; a battery exchange station having a plurality of slots so as to charge the battery pack separated from the electric vehicle; and a server which transmits the firmware of each of the part controllers to the battery management system when the battery pack is inserted into a slot, where when the battery pack is mounted in the electric vehicle, firmware version information may be received and updated.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication apparatus may include: identifying one or more synchronization signal components constituting a synchronization signal component set; generating a plurality of synchronization signal sections based on the one or more synchronization signal components and a plurality of primary coefficients corresponding to the one or more synchronization signal components; generating one or more synchronization signal parts based on a combination of the plurality of synchronization signal sections; generating one or more synchronization signals based on a combination of the one or more synchronization signal parts in time domain; and transmitting the generated one or more synchronization signals.

Abstract: A chemical dosing optimization apparatus includes a chemical dosing optimization part and a chemical dosing output control part, wherein the chemical dosing optimization part receives real-time data at least from a water treatment plant treating feed water by dosing a chemical and providing a treated water, analyzes the real-time data through a water treatment model in response to receiving the real-time data, derives a prediction value for predicting a state of the treated water of the water treatment plant, and derives a control value based on the prediction value through a controller, such that the control value is to set a minimum of a chemical dosage to be dosed in the feed water while the state of the treated water of the water treatment plant is maintained in a normal range, and wherein the chemical dosing output control part provides the control value to a water treatment control device.

Abstract: Disclosed are an RF lens device for improving the directivity of an antenna array, a transmitting and receiving antenna system comprising the RF lens device, and a method for performing beamforming in the transmitting and receiving antenna system. The transmitting and receiving antenna system according to an embodiment comprises: an antenna array comprising a plurality of antennas; RF lenses for the antennas, wherein the RF lenses for the antennas are disposed above the antenna array, such that each of the RF lenses corresponds to each of the plurality of antennas; and an RF lens for the array, wherein the RF lens for the array is disposed above the RF lenses for the antennas.

Abstract: Provided are an excreta detection device that is for a diaper and capable of detecting excreta present in the diaper, and an excreta detection reader for transmitting and receiving signals to and from the excreta detection device for the diaper and notifying a user about whether excreta is present. Since the large scale of a resonant frequency is determined on the basis of a capacitor which is isolated from the excreta and not affected by the excreta and the small scale of the resonant frequency that changes due to the excreta may be determined on the basis of a capacitor having a permittivity that changes due to the excreta, the excreta may be detected even when a relatively narrow frequency band is swept. In addition, since excreta sensing is not performed at only a specific resonant frequency but is also performed by comparing resonant frequencies before and after discharge of excreta, the excreta sensing can be performed regardless of the state of the excreta.

Abstract: A coexistence communication method for broadband power line communication that allocates a resource of another heterogeneous system to a blank resource in data where a plurality of heterogeneous systems are allocated to time division multiplex units (TDMUs) in a distribution scheme and a system therefor are provided. The method includes detecting a blank resource according to a heterogeneous system which does not share a power line among a plurality of heterogeneous systems, from data in which the plurality of heterogeneous systems which share the power line to perform power line communication are allocated to a plurality of TDMUs and in which each TDMU is allocated to a plurality of time division multiplex slots (TDMSs) sorted over time in a distribution scheme and allocating added another heterogeneous system to the blank resource.

Abstract: A coexistence communication method for broadband power line communication that allocates a resource of another heterogeneous system to a blank resource in data where a plurality of heterogeneous systems are allocated to time division multiplex units (TDMUs) in a distribution scheme and a system therefor are provided. The method includes detecting a blank resource according to a heterogeneous system which does not share a power line among a plurality of heterogeneous systems, from data in which the plurality of heterogeneous systems which share the power line to perform power line communication are allocated to a plurality of TDMUs and in which each TDMU is allocated to a plurality of time division multiplex slots (TDMSs) sorted over time in a distribution scheme and allocating added another heterogeneous system to the blank resource.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-coking catalyst having a physical property of reducing coke formation, which comprises a solid acid catalyst containing gadolinium (Gd) on the surface, a preparation method thereof, and a use thereof. The preparation method includes a first step of determining the amount of gadolinium (Gd) or a Gd-providing precursor to be used relative to the total weight of the solid acid catalyst, which reducing the coking of a specific solid acid catalyst below a specific level under a specific reaction condition; and a second step of preparing a Gd-containing solid acid catalyst using the amount determined in the first step. The catalyst according to the present invention is a catalyst in which an appropriate weight ratio of gadolinium is supported on the surface of a pure solid acid substance or solid acid substance on which a specific metal is supported.

Abstract: A first terminal generates a first scheduling request signal including information about first data resources for data transmission when the first terminal tries to reserve the first data resources. The first terminal generates a first scheduling request indication signal providing notification that the first scheduling request signal is to be transmitted. The first terminal transmits the first scheduling request indication signal through a first request subslot included in a first scheduling request resource before transmitting the first scheduling request signal. The first terminal transmits the first scheduling request signal through a second request subslot included in the first scheduling request resource.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for directly synthesizing monocyclic aromatic compounds and long-chain olefin compounds from a carbon dioxide-rich synthetic gas and, specifically, a method for directly synthesizing monocyclic aromatic compounds and long-chain olefin compounds from a carbon dioxide-rich synthetic gas, the method comprising a step of preparing a C1-C15 short-chain hydrocarbon by Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis and a step of preparing monocyclic aromatic compounds and long-chain olefin compounds by dehydrogenating the short-chain hydrocarbon products, and maximizing the yield of the short-chain hydrocarbon by using, as a synthetic gas to be used in FT synthesis, a carbon dioxide-rich synthetic gas in which the molar ratio of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is delimited to a specific range, and maximizing the yield of the monocyclic aromatic compounds or the long-chain olefin compounds by specifying the composition of a catalyst to be used in the dehydrogenation and the temperature and pressure

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating a secret key includes: acquiring a random sequence by use of reciprocity of a radio channel; generating the secret key based on the random sequence; and stopping generating the secret key when it is determined that the radio channel is flat based on flatness measured from the radio channel.

Abstract: A method of synchronization in a distributed wireless communication system and a terminal supporting the same are disclosed. A terminal increases its contention window value if it receives a synchronization signal within a synchronization slot. The terminal decreases its contention window value if it receives no synchronization signal within the synchronization slot. The terminal determines whether to transmit a synchronization signal or not by using the increased or decreased contention window value.

Abstract: When a transmitter transmits a first Timing Offset Indication iDentifier (TOID) of a plurality of TOIDs representing timing offset of a frame, the transmitter determines a first codeword corresponding to the first TOID of a plurality of codewords representing a subcarrier. The transmitter allocates a busy tone to a first subcarrier that the first codeword represents. The transmitter transmits the busy tone.

Abstract: Provided are a random access method and a terminal supporting the random access method. The terminal may monitor a state of a channel, when the state of the channel is idle, attempt a packet transmission at a first packet transmission probability, and transmit a packet including the first packet transmission probability.