Abstract: Methods and systems for heating and compressing a material using microwaves. The system includes a flexible waveguide configured to receive a first portion of microwaves and a rigid waveguide configured to receive a second portion of microwaves. The system includes a top microwave antenna connected to the flexible waveguide, having a first plurality of slots for emitting the first portion of microwaves to be received by a top side of the material and heat the material. The system includes a bottom microwave antenna connected to the rigid waveguide, having a second plurality of slots for emitting the second portion of microwaves to be received by a bottom side of the material and heat the material. The system includes a presser configured to provide a downward force onto the top microwave antenna toward the material to compress the material as the material is being heated by the microwaves.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for transceiving data. A method in which a transmitting terminal transmits data to a receiving terminal in a MIMO system according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps: generating a data field containing the data; generating a signal field containing information on the data field; generating a data frame containing the data field and the signal field; and transmitting the data frame to the receiving terminal. According to the present invention, an end of the frame being transmitted is accurately notified to the receiving terminal in a communication system in which the frame is transmitted using MIMO, thereby decoding the frame in a more efficient manner at the receiving terminal.

Abstract: A vehicular radar system includes an optical source designed to output an optical signal. The vehicular radar system further includes a first optical splitter coupled to the optical source and designed to split the optical signal into a first duplicate signal and a second duplicate signal. The vehicular radar system further includes at least one converter coupled to the first optical splitter and designed to convert the first duplicate signal and the second duplicate signal into a first radar signal and a second radar signal, respectively. The vehicular radar system further includes a first antenna coupled to the at least one converter and designed to transmit the first radar signal, and a second antenna coupled to the at least one converter and designed to transmit the second radar signal.

Abstract: Provided are a method of allocating resources in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system and the WLAN system including an access point (AP) to allocate a resource for communication between a relay and a station associated with the relay, the relay to allocate a restricted access window (RAW) or a slot for communication with a station based on the allocated resource, and the station to communicate with the relay based on the allocated RAW or the allocated slot.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a first count circuit suitable for counting a first clock signal which continuously toggles in each burst refresh cycle, and generating a first count code signal, based on a burst refresh command signal; a cycle guide circuit suitable for generating a second clock signal which toggles once in each burst refresh cycle, based on the burst refresh command signal and a precharge signal; a second count circuit suitable for counting the second clock signal and generating a second count code signal; and a control circuit suitable for generating a latch control signal for latching a target address in each burst refresh cycle, based on the first count code signal and the second count code signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are a frame transmission method using a selective beamforming and a communication apparatus to perform the frame transmission method. The communication apparatus may determine a beamforming matrix based on classification information in which a plurality of subcarriers used for communication is classified into a plurality of frequency units, may map a long training field (LTF) sequence to the beamforming matrix, and transmit a beamforming training (BF-T) frame including the mapped LTF sequence to a plurality of stations, may receive, from the plurality of stations having receiving the BF-T frame, feedback information generated based on a reception strength of the BF-T frame, and may allocate frequency units to data frames to be transmitted to the plurality of stations based on the feedback information, and transmit the data frames using the allocated frequency units. The reception strength of the BF-T frame may be determined at each station for each frequency unit.

Abstract: Provided are a terminal for requesting and acquiring information associated with a channel access in a wireless local area network (WLAN) and an apparatus for providing information associated with a channel access in a WLAN, and more particularly, the terminal for requesting and acquiring information associated with a channel access in a WLAN according to an example embodiment may verify whether a beacon is received during a predetermined beacon interval, transmit a group and slot information request signal when the beacon is verified not to be received, and receive a group and slot information response signal in response to the group and slot information request signal.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to a photonic apparatus. The photonic apparatus including a phase shifter that modulates a light wave propagated within the phase shifter by progressively shifting a phase of the light wave along a length of the phase shifter. The photonic apparatus includes optical outputs operably connected with the phase shifter at intervals along the length of the phase shifter. The optical outputs provide the light wave with different phases according to the intervals at which the optical outputs are spaced on the phase shifter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a communication method using interference alignment in a wireless local area network (WLAN). An access point (AP) according to one embodiment may receive first channel information between a station associated with the AP and the AP and second channel information between the station and a neighboring AP to perform interference alignment in cooperation with the AP from the station, and perform interference alignment based on the first channel information and the second channel information.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for an access point (AP) to control channel access of a station in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system. An AP according to one embodiment may determine resource allocation information for protecting a resource for a station not referring to traffic indication map (TIM) information. The determined resource allocation information is transmitted to a station referring to the TIM information, and the station referring to the TIM information does not conduct channel access in a time period specified in the resource allocation information.

Abstract: A refresh control device, and a memory device may be provided. The latch controller may include a first oscillator configured to generate a first oscillation signal, and a second oscillator configured to generate a second oscillation signal. The latch controller may be configured to receive a precharge signal and prevent the second oscillation signal from being synchronized with the precharge signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are a frame transmission method using a selective beamforming and a communication apparatus to perform the frame transmission method. The communication apparatus may determine a beamforming matrix based on classification information in which a plurality of subcarriers used for communication is classified into a plurality of frequency units, may map a long training field (LTF) sequence to the beamforming matrix, and transmit a beamforming training (BF-T) frame including the mapped LTF sequence to a plurality of stations, may receive, from the plurality of stations having receiving the BF-T frame, feedback information generated based on a reception strength of the BF-T frame, and may allocate frequency units to data frames to be transmitted to the plurality of stations based on the feedback information, and transmit the data frames using the allocated frequency units. The reception strength of the BF-T frame may be determined at each station for each frequency unit.

Abstract: Provided are a method of allocating resources in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system and the WLAN system including an access point (AP) to allocate a resource for communication between a relay and a station associated with the relay, the relay to allocate a restricted access window (RAW) or a slot for communication with a station based on the allocated resource, and the station to communicate with the relay based on the allocated RAW or the allocated slot.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for an electric vehicle. The system includes a battery control unit configured to be in a grid-connected mode or a stand-alone mode. The system includes a shared boost converter connected to a battery. The shared boost converter receives alternating current (AC) power, steps up voltage and converts the AC power to direct current (DC) power when the battery control unit is in the grid-connected mode. The shared boost converter receives DC power from the battery and steps up voltage when the battery control unit is in the stand-alone mode. The system also includes an inverter configured to receive the stepped up DC power when the battery control unit is in the stand-alone mode and convert the DC power to AC power. The system also includes a motor/generator connected to the inverter and configured to receive AC power for powering a drivetrain of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: A method for channel sounding in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system and apparatus for the same is disclosed. An access point (AP) to perform the method for channel sounding broadcasts information on a restricted access window (RAW) for channel sounding included in a beacon, and transmits null data packets (NDP) for channel estimation in the RAW to a station (STA). The STA estimates channel information based on the NDPs, and transmits the estimated channel information to the AP.

Abstract: An agent for removing malodor from a painting booth includes a volatile organic compound (VOC) degrading microorganism and a volatile fatty acid (VFA) degrading microorganism. The VOC degrading microorganism is configured to degrade VOC. The VFA degrading microorganism is configured to degrade VFA generated when the VOC is degraded.A method of removing malodor is also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless communication method performed at an access point to enhance the transmission efficiency in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the method including scheduling a transmission time of an enhanced traffic indicator map (TIM) frame based on a type of a station, and transmitting a second beacon including the enhanced TIM frame to the station at a point in time aside from a transmission point in time of a first beacon.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for an access point (AP) to control channel access of a station in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system. An AP according to one embodiment may determine resource allocation information for protecting a resource for a station not referring to traffic indication map (TIM) information. The determined resource allocation information is transmitted to a station referring to the TIM information, and the station referring to the TIM information does not conduct channel access in a time period specified in the resource allocation information.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for communication in a wireless local area network (LAN) system supporting a multi-bandwidth in which a communication apparatus supporting a multi-bandwidth includes generating a base frame based on at least one of a first bandwidth having the lowest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) among predetermined bandwidths and a second bandwidth that is two times greater than the first bandwidth, configuring a duplication mode frame based on the base frame, and transmitting the duplication mode frame through a plurality of bands.

Abstract: A capacitive wireless charging system having a charging circuit and the operating characteristics of the charging circuit can be adjusted. The charging circuit includes two coupling capacitors formed by two electrode plates at least partially overlapping two other electrode plates, where the coupling characteristics of the coupling capacitors can be adjusted by moving at least one of the electrodes. When the coupling characteristics of the coupling capacitors reach a pre-determined threshold, the operating characteristics of the charging circuit can be adjusted to optimize the power transfer efficiency of the capacitive wireless charging system.