Abstract: The present invention relates to recombinant acetylcholine receptor polypeptides recognized by CD4 T cells of a myasthenia gravis patient and compositions for the treatment of myasthenia gravis containing the same as an effective ingredient, more precisely, recombinant acetylcholine receptor polypeptides deficient in B cell epitope, recombinant acetylcholine polypeptides in which two or more T cell epitopes are fused, a composition for the treatment of myasthenia gravis containing the above recombinant polypeptides as an effective ingredient and a treatment method for myasthenia gravis using the composition. The composition containing one or more recombinant polypeptides above can be effectively used as a myasthenia gravis specific therapeutic agent or immunomodulator without side effects.

Abstract: Problem: the conventional plastic sunshades of hats or sun visor caps are disadvantageous for various designs and easily return to a straightened shape even after being bent into a shape of curved surface. Solution: to solve the problems, an improved sunshade for a hat or a sun visor cap is disclosed. The sunshade is formed into a shape of smoothly curved surface or an angularly surface with multi-segments. To sustain such shape without being flat by itself surface of being coupled with a head-engaging portion (main body), the sunshade is made of plastic by a molding process, a hot-pressing process or the like.

Abstract: Provided are methods for manufacturing improved cerium oxide abrasives suitable for forming slurry compositions suitable for CMP processes. The cerium oxide abrasives are produced by the heat treatment of a mixture of a cerium precursor compound and an impurity metal compound under conditions that produce primary cerium oxide particles that are incorporated in larger secondary abrasive particles. The presence of the impurity metal and/or the incompletely oxidized cerium within the secondary abrasive particle tend to reduce its mechanical strength, thereby reducing the likelihood of damaging a substrate surface during a CMP process utilizing such abrasives.

Abstract: Provided are methods for manufacturing improved cerium oxide abrasives suitable for forming slurry compositions suitable for CMP processes. The cerium oxide abrasives are produced by the heat treatment of a mixture of a cerium precursor compound under conditions that produce primary cerium oxide particles that are incorporated in larger secondary abrasive particles. The structure of the primary cerium oxide particles and/or the presence of incompletely oxidized cerium within the secondary abrasive particle tend to reduce its mechanical strength, thereby reducing the likelihood of damaging a substrate surface during a CMP process utilizing such abrasives.