Abstract: The present invention relates to Bacillus licheniformis B1 strain, alkalophilic enzyme solution and a method for preparing the same, in particular the method for producing cellulase demonstrating optimal activity at pH 10-13 by using Bacillus licheniformis B1 strain. The enzyme produced by the method of the present invention and the enzyme solution containing the same have excellent enzyme activity in alkali condition, so that they can be effectively applied in diverse uses including the production of detergent or bio-fuel.

Abstract: Provided are: a multi-layered lamellar granule comprising a nucleating agent, a ceramide-containing artificial stratum corneum lipid lamellar layer which encases the nucleating agent and a polymer layer disposed on the artificial stratum corneum lipid lamellar layer; and an external skin application composition comprising the same. The external skin application composition shows improved moisturizing and barrier repair capabilities when applied to the skin, which can be advantageously used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an external composition for skin, which contains, as an active ingredient, manassantin B extracted from Saururus chinensis Baill, and the use thereof for skin whitening. More particularly, disclosed are an external composition for skin, which contains, as an active ingredient, manassantin B, which inhibits the transfer of melanosomes, thus providing a skin-whitening effect without influencing the melanin synthesis function of the melanocytes, ad well as the use thereof for skin whitening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Bacillus licheniformis B1 strain, alkalophilic enzyme solution and a method for preparing the same, in particular the method for producing cellulase demonstrating optimal activity at pH 10-13 by using Bacillus licheniformis B1 strain. The enzyme produced by the method of the present invention and the enzyme solution containing the same have excellent enzyme activity in alkali condition, so that they can be effectively applied in diverse uses including the production of detergent or bio-fuel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ester compounds derived from 3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl acetate, 3,4,5-trimethoxy cinnamate or 3,4,5-trimethoxy hydrocinnamate that are represented by Formula (I), wherein R1 is CH2—, —CH?CH— or CH2—CH2, R2 is thymyl or carvacryl, to methods for preparing them, and to a whitening cosmetic composition containing the ester compounds. Because the ester compounds of the present invention inhibit the generation of melanin, the cosmetic composition can improve the skin pigmentation and can be used for whitening cosmetics.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a lighting device using a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), which has reduced size and volume and concentrates light from the CCFL, thus enhancing its luminance. The lighting device includes a casing which is open on a surface thereof, thus having an open part, with an ON/OFF switch button which protrudes through a sidewall of the casing and is used to turn on or off the lighting device. A reflective plate is inserted into the casing through the open part, with a circuit board provided on a predetermined position of the reflective plate. A CCFL is inserted into the reflective plate and electrically connected to the circuit board with a cover assembled with the casing and receiving the CCFL between the casing and the cover. A socket is assembled with each end of the casing that supports both the CCFL and the cover, and is electrically connected to the circuit board.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ester compounds derived from 3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl acetate, 3,4,5-trimethoxy cinnamate or 3,4,5-trimethoxy hydrocinnamate that are represented by Formula (I), wherein R1 is CH2—, —CH?CH— or CH2—CH2, R2 is thymyl or carvacryl, to methods for preparing them, and to a whitening cosmetic composition containing the ester compounds. Because the ester compounds of the present invention inhibit the generation of melanin, the cosmetic composition can improve the skin pigmentation and can be used for whitening cosmetics.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a lighting device using a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), which has reduced size and volume and concentrates light from the CCFL, thus enhancing its luminance. The lighting device includes a casing which is open on a surface thereof, thus having an open part, with an ON/OFF switch button which protrudes through a sidewall of the casing and is used to turn on or off the lighting device; a reflective plate inserted into the casing through the open part, with a circuit board provided on a predetermined position of the reflective plate; a CCFL inserted into the reflective plate and electrically connected to the circuit board; a cover assembled with the casing and receiving the CCFL between the casing and the cover; and a socket which is assembled with each end of the casing, supports both the CCFL and the cover, and is electrically connected to the circuit board.

Abstract: In a semiconductor manufacturing method, etching control is provided by introducing a material containing a material having at least one of an —H, —C, —CH, —CH2, and —CH3 radical component, e.g., Si—O—C, in a lower portion or layer of a dielectric layer formed during a semiconductor manufacturing process. A semiconductor device made by the method includes a first dielectric layer of a material having a given amount of carbon formed on the semiconductor substrate, and a second dielectric layer of a material having a lesser amount of carbon formed on said first dielectric layer wherein the second dielectric layer has an etched pattern formed by etching the second dielectric layer to a depth determined by etching resistance of first dielectric layer.