Abstract: The present invention relates to pentaerythritol derivatives represented by the following formula 1, which improve moisture retaining ability of the stratum corneum when show high moisturizing ability even in dry conditions, to a preparation method thereof, and to a liquid crystal base containing the same. (Wherein R is the same or different, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl groups of 1 to 24 carbon atoms having hydrogen or hydroxy group or not; m and n are the same or different integers of which m is 0 to 10 and n is 1 to 10).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing an optoelectronic semiconductor device having a p-n junction diode, which includes the steps of: (a) etching at least one surface of the p-n junction diode in a depth direction to form a plurality of continuous, isolated or mixed type electrode pattern grooves with a certain array; and (b) filling the formed grooves with a conductive ink containing a transparent conducting particle through an inkjet and then performing heat treatment to form a buried transparent electrode, the optoelectronic semiconductor device, and an apparatus for manufacturing the optoelectronic semiconductor device. In the present invention, covering loss is significantly reduced due to a buried transparent electrode so that the high efficiency of photoelectric conversion can be implemented, and there can be provided the easiness of a manufacturing process and the enhancement of productivity through the unification of etching and electrode forming processes.