Abstract: Provided are a graphene pattern and a process of preparing the same. Graphene is patterned in a predetermined shape on a substrate to form the graphene pattern. The graphene pattern can be formed by forming a graphitizing catalyst pattern on a substrate, contacting a carbonaceous material with the graphitizing catalyst and heat-treating the resultant.

Abstract: A washing machine includes a rotary tub; a motor to rotate the rotary tub; a velocity sensing unit to sense rotational velocity of the motor; and a controller to compare a command value of the motor with a predetermined limit value, when the rotational velocity of the motor is less than a spin-drying velocity during spin-drying, to determine whether the motor is overloaded and to control driving of the motor in response to the determination.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for restoring properties of graphene includes exposing the graphene to plasma having a density in a range from about 0.3*108 cm?3 to about 30*108 cm?3 when the graphene is in a ground state. The method and apparatus may be used for large-area, low-temperature, high-speed, eco-friendly, and silicon treatment of graphene.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) lighting apparatus includes a rectification unit connected to an alternating current (AC) power source, and an LED light emitting module including m multi-cell LEDs each having n light emitting cells, kth light emitting cells of the respective m multi-cell LEDs being connected to each other in series to form a kth light emitting cell group, n being a positive integer of 2 or greater, m being a positive integer of 1 or greater, and k being a positive integer from 1 to n. The rectification unit is configured to supply a rectified voltage to the LED light emitting module through full-wave rectification of an AC voltage from the AC power source. The LED light emitting module is configured to emit light upon receiving the rectified voltage from the rectification unit, and to control sequential driving of first to nth light emitting cell groups according to a voltage level of the rectified voltage.

Abstract: A method of neutralizing an amine gas odor in a cold box process, and an amine gas generator using the method are disclosed. The method includes: making molding sand by mixing sand and forming resin; putting the molding sand into a mold; hardening the molding sand by injecting an amine gas into the molding sand in the mold; and removing an amine gas odor remaining in the mold by injecting an amine gas odor neutralizer into the mold. Accordingly, it is possible to inject an amine gas odor neutralizer in casting of a core or a mold in order to reduce the amine gas odor that remains and leaks through a gap of a mold in the casting. Further, an odor neutralizer is immediately injected simultaneously with discharging of an amine gas, so it is possible to simply remove an odor.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle powertrain may include input shafts, clutches, output shafts, a transmission path selector, a planetary gear unit, and a gear stage forming mechanism. The transmission path selector may bring engagement of a first input shaft with second or third input shaft. The planetary gear unit may have three rotary elements, with motor power or engine power being input via a first or second rotary element and being output with any one of two transmission gear ratios under the control of first or third rotary element in response to engagement of first and second engaging units. The gear stage forming mechanism may be formed by engagement of gear pairs having different transmission gear ratios with second and third input shafts and a first output shaft, and function to transmit the power from the second or third input shaft to the first output shaft while changing a speed by selecting a gear pair in accordance with a vehicle running speed using a gear pair selector.

Abstract: A high frequency circuit includes a first electronic device, a second electronic device, and a graphene interconnection unit, where at least one of a trench and a via is defined under the graphene interconnection unit.

Abstract: A transmission for an electric vehicle includes an input shaft for receiving power, an output shaft disposed in parallel with the input shaft, a plurality of shift gear units each including external gears connecting the input shaft and the output shaft to each other, a synchromesh system for switching any one of the shift gear units into a power-transmissible state or a non-power-transmissible state between the input shaft and the output shaft, a servo gear unit including a pair of external gears engaged with each other on the input shaft and the output shaft, and a servo clutch adjusting a degree of power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft by the servo gear unit.

Abstract: A transparent electrode includes: a substrate; an electrically conductive layer disposed on the substrate and including a plurality of nano-sized conductors; and an organic/inorganic composite layer directly disposed on the electrically conductive layer and including a cross-linked polymer and nano-sized inorganic oxide particles, wherein the nano-sized inorganic oxide particles are included in an amount of greater than or equal to about 1 part by weight and less than about 35 parts by weight, relative to 100 parts by weight of the cross-linked polymer. Also an electronic device including the same.

Abstract: A single-crystal graphene sheet includes a polycyclic aromatic molecule wherein a plurality of carbon atoms are covalently bound to each other, the single-crystal graphene sheet comprising between about 1 layer to about 300 layers; and wherein a peak ratio of a Raman D band intensity to a Raman G band intensity is equal to or less than 0.2. Also described is a method for preparing a single-crystal graphene sheet, the method includes forming a catalyst layer, which includes a single-crystal graphitizing metal catalyst sheet; disposing a carbonaceous material on the catalyst layer; and heat-treating the catalyst layer and the carbonaceous material in at least one of an inert atmosphere and a reducing atmosphere. Also described is a transparent electrode including a single-crystal graphene sheet.

Abstract: A gas separation membrane including a porous layered support; and a gas separating active layer which is disposed on the porous layered support and includes a functionalized graphene.

Abstract: Provided are a graphene sheet and a process of preparing the same. Particularly, a process of economically preparing a large-area graphene sheet having a desired thickness and a graphene sheet prepared by the process are provided.

Abstract: A powertrain apparatus may include a planetary gear set including a first rotary member connected to a first motor and selectively operating as an input element or a fixing element, a second rotary member supplied with power from an engine and selectively operating as an input element, and a third rotary member connected to an output shaft and selectively operating as an output element, a second motor supplying power to a motor input shaft, and a transmission including a plurality of pairs of engaged gears forming different transmission gear ratios, the pairs of engaged gears being provided on the motor input shaft and the output shaft, respectively, with an engaging unit provided on the motor input shaft at a location between the pairs of engaged gears and selecting one of the pairs of engaged gears corresponding to a driving speed.

Abstract: A gas separation membrane including a porous support; and a gas separating active layer which is disposed on the porous support and includes a functionalized graphene.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses novel Cry1Ac mutants with improved insecticidal activity and/or spectrum against pests belong to Order lepidoptera. Also provided are transgenic plants expressing the present protein and methods for controlling Lepidopteran pest using the present mutants.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a heterogeneous layered structure includes growing a hexagonal boron nitride sheet directly on a metal substrate in a chamber, increasing a temperature of the chamber to about 300° C. to about 1500° C., and forming a graphene sheet on the hexagonal boron nitride sheet by supplying a carbon source into the chamber while thermally treating the hexagonal boron nitride sheet at the increased temperature.

Abstract: A hybrid transmission for a vehicle. A first input shaft receives power from an engine through an engine clutch. A second input shaft is coaxial with the first input shaft and connected to a motor. A shaft-coupling unit connects or disconnects the first input shaft and the second input shaft. A first output shaft and a second output shaft are respectively disposed parallel to the first input shaft and the second input shaft. A plurality of shifting units or constantly-engaging shifting mechanisms are provided on the first input shaft and the first output shaft, on the first input shaft and the second output shaft, and on the second input shaft and the second output shaft, thereby forming a series of shifting stages, wherein shifting ratios of the series of shifting stages decrease with increasing numerical values of the series of shifting stages.

Abstract: A powertrain for a hybrid vehicle may include a first input shaft connected to a motor generator and coupled to a dog clutch apparatus, and a second input shaft connected to an engine and coupled to a planetary gear set, in which when the vehicle is overdriven, the dog clutch apparatus is engaged and restricts one component of the planetary gear set.

Abstract: A graphene base, including: graphene; and a substrate, wherein the graphene is formed directly on at least one surface of the substrate, and at least about 90 percent of an area of the surface of the substrate does not have a graphene wrinkle.

Abstract: Turbine blade insertion tool (20) facilitates supported vertical and lateral alignment of a turbine blade root (18) and corresponding rotor slot (14) from under a suspended rotor (12). The blade lift fixture (46) slidably retains the blade root while manually biasable slide (38) provides supported relative vertical alignment between the blade root and rotor slot Supported lateral root/slot alignment is provided by manually swinging the blade lift fixture (46) on three-dimensional motion capable swivel eye (50) and corresponding lift hook (44) that are coupled to the slide (38). The blade insertion tool (20) optionally is maneuverable on swivel rollers (24) under the rotor (12).