Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating transplantation rejection or a transplantation rejection disease, comprising a novel compound and a calcineurin inhibitor. A co-administration of the present invention 1) reduces the activity of pathogenic Th1 cells or Th17 cells, 2) increases the activity of Treg cells, 3) has an inhibitory effect against side effects, such as tissue damage, occurring in the sole administration thereof, 4) inhibits various pathogenic pathways, 5) inhibits the cell death of inflammatory cells, and 6) increases the activity of mitochondria, in an in vivo or in vitro allogenic model, a transplantation rejection disease model, a skin transplantation model, and a liver-transplanted patient, and thus inhibits transplantation rejection along with mitigating side effects possibly occurring in the administration of a conventional immunosuppressant alone.

Abstract: Provided is a compound of Chemical Formula 1 or 2: wherein: R1 to R4 are each independently hydrogen or deuterium; n1 to n4 are an integer of 1 to 4; L1 and L2 are each independently a direct bond or a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 arylene; and Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently a substituent of Chemical Formula 3: wherein X1 to X5 are each independently N or C(R5), wherein at least two of X1 to X5 are N; and each R5 is independently hydrogen, deuterium, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-20 alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted C2-60 heteroaryl containing at least one of N, O and S, or two adjacent R5s combine to form a benzene ring; and an organic light emitting device including the same. The device exhibits significantly superior efficiency and lifespan.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a conductive hydrogel including a mussel adhesive protein, a liquid metal, and hyaluronic acid and a preparation method thereof.

Abstract: In one example, a semiconductor device can comprise a substrate, a device stack, first and second internal interconnects, and an encapsulant. The substrate can comprise a first and second substrate sides opposite each other, a substrate outer sidewall between the first substrate side and the second substrate side, and a substrate inner sidewall defining a cavity between the first substrate side and the second substrate side. The device stack can be in the cavity and can comprise a first electronic device, and a second electronic device stacked on the first electronic device. The first internal interconnect can be coupled to the substrate and the device stack. The encapsulant can cover the substrate inner sidewall and the device stack and can fill the cavity. Other examples and related methods are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel disposed on a back-light unit; and a viewing angle control unit disposed between the back-light unit and the liquid crystal panel, wherein the viewing angle control unit includes light-blocking patterns having a light-blocking material and variable patterns disposed between a first control electrode and a second control electrode, wherein the variable patterns are extended in a direction perpendicular to the light-blocking patterns, and wherein transmittance of each variable pattern is changed according to a voltage applied to the first control electrode and the second control electrode, thereby preventing a distraction of people around a user by selectively sharing a realized image.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a camera pose according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a similar image searcher, a clusterer, and an estimator. The similar image searcher searches for a plurality of images similar to an input image, from among a plurality of previously-stored images, based on the input image. The clusterer creates a cluster including at least some similar images meeting predetermined conditions, from among the plurality of similar images, based on viewpoint data tagged to each of the plurality of similar images. The estimator estimates a pose of a camera that has generated the input image, based on the cluster.

Abstract: A cathode for a lithium secondary battery includes a cathode current collector, and a cathode active material layer formed on the cathode current collector. The cathode active material layer includes cathode active material particles. The cathode active material particles include a lithium metal oxide particle containing nickel and having a mole fraction of cobalt of 0.02 or less among all elements except lithium and oxygen.

Abstract: There are provided a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof. The semiconductor device includes: a stack structure including a plurality of interlayer insulating layers and a plurality of gate conductive layers, which are stacked in an alternating manner; at least one support structure penetrating the stack structure in a substantially vertical manner, the at least one support structure being formed in a contact region; and a contact plug penetrating the stack structure in a substantially vertical manner, the contact plug being formed in the contact region, the contact plug being connected to a contact pad that is disposed on the bottom of the stack structure. The at least one support structure is formed of an oxide layer.

Abstract: Proposed is an all-solid-state battery including a self-standing sheet layer positioned on a negative electrode current collector. The all-solid-state battery may include the negative electrode current collector, the self-standing sheet layer positioned on the negative electrode current collector, a solid electrolyte layer positioned on the sheet layer, a positive electrode active material layer positioned on the solid electrolyte layer, and a positive electrode current collector positioned on the positive electrode active material layer. The sheet layer contains carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: Provided is a method of improving an object recognition rate including recognizing a first object in a first image obtained while driving, detecting whether the recognized first object has disappeared for a preset time period and then reappeared in the first image, based on detecting that the first object has reappeared, calculating training data for the first object, and controlling such that a recognition model for recognizing an object included in an image is to be trained based on information based on the calculated training data.

Abstract: A two-stage open structure of a vehicle door includes a first-stage door configured to be rotated open with respect to a first hinge, a second-stage door configured to be rotated open together with the first-stage door with respect to a second hinge, a cross member, and a motor module positioned on the cross member and configured to apply a driving force to the first hinge and the second hinge individually.

Abstract: A two-stage open structure of a vehicle door includes a first-stage door configured to be rotated open with respect to a first hinge, a second-stage door configured to be rotated open together with the first-stage door with respect to a second hinge, a cross member, and a motor module positioned on the cross member and configured to apply a driving force to the first hinge and the second hinge individually.

Abstract: A memory device comprises a memory cell array including a first memory cell disposed on a substrate and a second memory cell above the first memory cell; a first word line connected to the first memory cell and a second word line connected to the second memory cell, the second word line disposed above the first word line; and a word line defect detection circuit configured to monitor a number of pulses of a pumping clock signal while applying a first voltage to the first word line to detect a defect of the first word line. The voltage generator is configured to apply a second voltage different from the first voltage to the second word line for programming the second memory cell when the number of pulses of the pumping clock signal is smaller than a reference value.

Abstract: Provided is a nonvolatile memory device and an operating method thereof. The operating method for programming a first memory block from among a plurality of memory blocks includes: programming a first word line connected to the first memory block by sequentially executing first to Nth (N is a natural number) programming loops; applying a voltage generated by regulating a first pump voltage of a first charge pump to the first word line as a dummy verifying voltage after the programming is completed; generating a first detection count based on the first pump voltage and a first reference voltage; and outputting a bad block setting signal for setting the first memory block as a bad block based on a result of comparing the first detection count with the first reference count.

Abstract: Provided is a nonvolatile memory device and an operating method thereof. The operating method for programming a first memory block from among a plurality of memory blocks includes: programming a first word line connected to the first memory block by sequentially executing first to Nth (N is a natural number) programming loops; applying a voltage generated by regulating a first pump voltage of a first charge pump to the first word line as a dummy verifying voltage after the programming is completed; generating a first detection count based on the first pump voltage and a first reference voltage; and outputting a bad block setting signal for setting the first memory block as a bad block based on a result of comparing the first detection count with the first reference count.

Abstract: A memory device can include: a memory cell array including a memory cell and a word line that is connected to the memory cell; a clock generator configured to generate a first pumping clock signal from a system clock signal; a charge pump configured to provide a pumping voltage signal using a power supply voltage and the first pumping clock signal; a compensation circuit configured to compensate for variations in a first reference clock signal in accordance with variations in the power supply voltage, and provide a compensated first reference clock signal; and a pass/fail (P/F) determining circuit configured to determine whether the word line is defective by comparing the first pumping clock signal and the compensated first reference clock signal while the pumping voltage signal is provided to the word line.

Abstract: A memory device can include: a memory cell array including a memory cell and a word line that is connected to the memory cell; a clock generator configured to generate a first pumping clock signal from a system clock signal; a charge pump configured to provide a pumping voltage signal using a power supply voltage and the first pumping clock signal; a compensation circuit configured to compensate for variations in a first reference clock signal in accordance with variations in the power supply voltage, and provide a compensated first reference clock signal; and a pass/fail (P/F) determining circuit configured to determine whether the word line is defective by comparing the first pumping clock signal and the compensated first reference clock signal while the pumping voltage signal is provided to the word line.

Abstract: A memory device comprises a memory cell array including a first memory cell disposed on a substrate and a second memory cell above the first memory cell; a first word line connected to the first memory cell and a second word line connected to the second memory cell, the second word line disposed above the first word line; and a word line defect detection circuit configured to monitor a number of pulses of a pumping clock signal while applying a first voltage to the first word line to detect a defect of the first word line. The voltage generator is configured to apply a second voltage different from the first voltage to the second word line for programming the second memory cell when the number of pulses of the pumping clock signal is smaller than a reference value.

Abstract: A railroad vehicle monitoring system installed on a railroad vehicle includes: wireless sensor devices installed at attached equipment of the railroad vehicle, including a sensor that senses statuses of the attached equipment, configured to wirelessly transmit a sensing value sensed by the sensor in real time, and including an energy harvester configured to convert energy generated by running of the railroad vehicle into electric energy, and supply the electric energy as a power source for the sensor, a signal process in the sensing value, and wireless communication of the sensing value; sink node devices configured to wirelessly receive the sensing value and output, in real time, railroad vehicle status information obtained by integrating the received sensing value; and a vehicle status monitoring device configured to receive the railroad vehicle status information, integrate and manage the railroad vehicle status information, and output the integrated railroad vehicle status information in real time.

Abstract: A wireless sensor device includes: an energy harvester configured to convert vibration generated from a broadband vibration source into electricity, an elastic member arranged to receive the vibration and a communication unit fixed by the elastic member, supplied with the converted electricity from the energy harvester, and configured to transmit sensing information obtained by sensing a measurement target. The elastic member operates as a mechanical filter configured to limit a frequency range and an acceleration magnitude of the vibration to be transferred to the communication unit for stabilizing the performance of the communication unit, and the communication unit is arranged to receive vibration passing through the elastic member.