Abstract: Provided are an organic electronic element comprising an anode, a cathode, and an organic material layer between the anode and the cathode, and an electronic device comprising the organic electronic element, wherein the organic material layer comprises each compound represented by Formula 1, Formula 2, or Formula 3, thereby the driving voltage of the organic electronic element can be lowered and the luminous efficiency and lifespan can be improved.

Abstract: An automation method of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic technology for equipment application includes receiving one or more pieces of data among vibration data, noise data, and controller area network (CAN) data, a data input processing operation of trimming the input data, an operation of extracting features from the trimmed data, setting a setting value of a hyper-parameter with respect to the one or more pieces of data thereamong, and generating a total of N models to include both of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) as N individual models and generating ensemble prediction model structures for the N individual models. As a parameter updating is being proceeded due to the hyper-parameter so as to minimize values of cost functions of the N individual models, a reward for model accuracy performance is optimized and the ensemble prediction model structures of the N individual models change.

Abstract: An embodiment method of predicting vehicle clutch life based on real-time judder diagnosis includes storing to a cloud server actual road driving data measured by an actual road driving information collection device while a vehicle travels, extracting a judder occurrence entry condition by downloading the actual road driving data from the cloud server and checking judder occurrence information in a clutch life prediction device, calculating a judder index by checking judder index information from the actual road driving data in the clutch life prediction device, predicting a clutch useful life of a double clutch transmission (DCT) using a clutch useful life prediction curve for the judder index, and generating a maintenance notification at a time of clutch maintenance.

Abstract: A vehicle judder diagnostic method using artificial intelligence applied to a mobile-based GDS according to the present disclosure is characterized in that the mobile-based GDS samples a plurality of sensor signals of a sensor mounted in a vehicle in a vehicle during operation in a judder evaluation mode to quickly, separately diagnose whether the judder phenomenon of the vehicle is a geometric judder or a friction judder by mounting a deep neural network (DNN) model, developed by the trial and error process of a DNN by using the plurality of sensor signals of a test vehicle mounted with a double clutch transmission (DCT), as a judder determination artificial intelligence model 30 in the mobile-based GDS.

Abstract: An automation method of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic technology for equipment application includes receiving one or more pieces of data among vibration data, noise data, and controller area network (CAN) data, a data input processing operation of trimming the input data, an operation of extracting features from the trimmed data, setting a setting value of a hyper-parameter with respect to the one or more pieces of data thereamong, and generating a total of N models to include both of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) as N individual models and generating ensemble prediction model structures for the N individual models. As a parameter updating is being proceeded due to the hyper-parameter so as to minimize values of cost functions of the N individual models, a reward for model accuracy performance is optimized and the ensemble prediction model structures of the N individual models change.

Abstract: A mechanical diagnosis method for combustion abnormality using engine noise includes: calculating an Energy K and a Loudness standard deviation index (NSTD) with Kurtosis analysis by a diagnosis controller 30 from noise data measured together with a signal component by rotation excitation of an engine 10; calculating a plurality of order frequency peak order component values by a Modulation Frequency Transform; and distinguishing a cylinder where abnormal combustion occurs from a cylinder where normal combustion occurs by applying a predetermined threshold to these calculated values, thereby classifying, by Modulation Frequency analysis, problem samples of the rotation excitation and combustion excitation influence of the engine in which the abnormality state determination of the engine has been difficult only with energy distribution while overcoming the limitation of Kurtosis analysis.

Abstract: A mechanical diagnosis method for combustion abnormality using engine noise includes: calculating an Energy K and a Loudness standard deviation index (NSTD) with Kurtosis analysis by a diagnosis controller 30 from noise data measured together with a signal component by rotation excitation of an engine 10; calculating a plurality of order frequency peak order component values by a Modulation Frequency Transform; and distinguishing a cylinder where abnormal combustion occurs from a cylinder where normal combustion occurs by applying a predetermined threshold to these calculated values, thereby classifying, by Modulation Frequency analysis, problem samples of the rotation excitation and combustion excitation influence of the engine in which the abnormality state determination of the engine has been difficult only with energy distribution while overcoming the limitation of Kurtosis analysis.

Abstract: An engine combustion control method may include: determining, by a controller, whether a fuel injection timing of an engine matches with an engine running condition of the engine; performing, by the controller, when the fuel injection timing matches with the engine running condition of the engine, a fuel injection variable establishment control (or a variable control of a fuel injection timing) that performs a Wavelet process on a frequency band selected by matching a vibration frequency of a vibration sensor signal to an engine frequency transformed under an engine running condition; and when the fuel injection timing matches with the engine running condition, updating a fuel injection parameter by correcting a target value of a combustion factor based on the fuel injection timing.

Abstract: An engine combustion control method may include: determining, by a controller, whether a fuel injection timing of an engine matches with an engine running condition of the engine; performing, by the controller, when the fuel injection timing matches with the engine running condition of the engine, a fuel injection variable establishment control (or a variable control of a fuel injection timing) that performs a Wavelet process on a frequency band selected by matching a vibration frequency of a vibration sensor signal to an engine frequency transformed under an engine running condition; and when the fuel injection timing matches with the engine running condition, updating a fuel injection parameter by correcting a target value of a combustion factor based on the fuel injection timing.

Abstract: A method for controlling engine combustion may include receiving a signal of a crank position sensor, determining an angular velocity and an angular acceleration of a crank on the basis of the signal of the crank position sensor, determining a combustion characteristic index for each cylinder using the angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the crank, judging an unstable combustion cylinder using the combustion characteristic index for each cylinder, and changing a combustion factor for controlling the unstable combustion cylinder.

Abstract: A method for controlling engine combustion may include receiving a signal of a crank position sensor, determining an angular velocity and an angular acceleration of a crank on the basis of the signal of the crank position sensor, determining a combustion characteristic index for each cylinder using the angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the crank, judging an unstable combustion cylinder using the combustion characteristic index for each cylinder, and changing a combustion factor for controlling the unstable combustion cylinder.

Abstract: A computer system including an audio controller receiving and amplifying an audio signal, and a speaker outputting the amplified audio signal. The computer system includes a power supply to supply the computer system with power; an external apparatus connection part to connect to an external apparatus connector which transfers the audio signal from an external apparatus; an external apparatus connection detector, supplied with the power from the power supply, to generate a connection detection signal if the external apparatus is connected to the external apparatus connection part; and a controller, supplied with the power from the power supply, to control the power supply to enable the power supply to supply the audio controller with the power on a basis of the connection detection signal of the external apparatus connection detector.