Abstract: The present disclosure according to at least one embodiment provides a method of processing operations of a polynomial-based security algorithm, the method being performed by a computing system. The method comprises identifying a plurality of operations using secret information in the polynomial-based security algorithm, generating a random index to be applied to the identified operations, and performing the operations using the random index.

Abstract: A method for preventing side-channel attack according to an embodiment includes generating an order table which includes a position index value for each bit value of a bit string that is secret information to be generated through a decryption algorithm of an Nth Degree Truncated Polynomial Ring Units (NTRU) LPRime algorithm, shuffling a sort order of the position index value for the each bit value in the order table based on a random number, determining a generation order for the each bit value according to the sort order of the position index value for the each bit value in the order table, and generating the secret information through the decryption algorithm. The secret information is generated by generating the each bit value according to the determined generation order.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array including a first pixel and a second pixel which are connected to a first column line, and a row driver configured to control a read operation of the second pixel. A voltage of the first column line is determined based on a higher voltage among a voltage of a floating diffusion node of the first pixel and a voltage of a floating diffusion node of the second pixel during the read operation of the second pixel.

Abstract: A method for preventing side-channel attack according to an embodiment includes generating an order table which includes a position index value for each bit value of a bit string that is secret information to be generated through a decryption algorithm of an Nth Degree Truncated Polynomial Ring Units (NTRU) LPRime algorithm, shuffling a sort order of the position index value for the each bit value in the order table based on a random number, determining a generation order for the each bit value according to the sort order of the position index value for the each bit value in the order table, and generating the secret information through the decryption algorithm. The secret information is generated by generating the each bit value according to the determined generation order.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array including a pixel array comprising a first pixel and a second pixel which are electrically connected to a first column line, a row driver configured to receive a clamp voltage and a selection voltage, select the first pixel based on the clamp voltage and select the second pixel based on the selection voltage. A voltage of the first column line is determined based on a higher voltage among a first output voltage of the first pixel and a second output voltage of the second pixel during a read operation of the second pixel.

Abstract: A level shifter circuitry is provided. The level shifter circuitry includes a first sub-circuit connected to a first power supply voltage, a second sub-circuit connected to a second power supply voltage and a shifting circuit which is connected to the first and second sub-circuits and outputs the first power supply voltage or the second power supply voltage to an output terminal or an inverted output terminal in response to a signal applied to an input node in accordance with an enable signal.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array including a first pixel and a second pixel which are connected to a first column line, and a row driver configured to control a read operation of the second pixel. A voltage of the first column line is determined based on a higher voltage among a voltage of a floating diffusion node of the first pixel and a voltage of a floating diffusion node of the second pixel during the read operation of the second pixel.

Abstract: A level shifter circuitry is provided. The level shifter circuitry includes a first sub-circuit connected to a first power supply voltage, a second sub-circuit connected to a second power supply voltage and a shifting circuit which is connected to the first and second sub-circuits and outputs the first power supply voltage or the second power supply voltage to an output terminal or an inverted output terminal in response to a signal applied to an input node in accordance with an enable signal.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array including a first pixel and a second pixel which are connected to a first column line, and a row driver configured to control a read operation of the second pixel. A voltage of the first column line is determined based on a higher voltage among a voltage of a floating diffusion node of the first pixel and a voltage of a floating diffusion node of the second pixel during the read operation of the second pixel.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a shifting circuit shifting a first voltage that is applied to a first node, to a second voltage, and shifting the second voltage that is applied to a second node, to the first voltage, and a sub-circuit providing the first voltage to the shifting circuit. The image sensor further includes a source circuit enabling the sub-circuit to provide the first voltage to the shifting circuit, and an enable transistor that is gated by an enable signal, and enables the shifting circuit by providing the second voltage to the shifting circuit, based on the enable signal.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array including a pixel array comprising a first pixel and a second pixel which are electrically connected to a first column line, a row driver configured to receive a clamp voltage and a selection voltage, select the first pixel based on the clamp voltage and select the second pixel based on the selection voltage. A voltage of the first column line is determined based on a higher voltage among a first output voltage of the first pixel and a second output voltage of the second pixel during a read operation of the second pixel.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a pixel array including a first pixel and a second pixel which are connected to a first column line, and a row driver configured to control a read operation of the second pixel. A voltage of the first column line is determined based on a higher voltage among a voltage of a floating diffusion node of the first pixel and a voltage of a floating diffusion node of the second pixel during the read operation of the second pixel.