Abstract: A video encoding method, a video encoding apparatus, a video decoding method, and a video decoding apparatus are provided. The video encoding method includes reconstructing a first layer image based on encoding information of the first layer image that is obtained from a bitstream, splitting a largest coding unit of a second layer image into coding units based on split information of the second layer image that is obtained from the bitstream, splitting the coding units into prediction units for prediction encoding, determining whether to use a coding tool for decoding a current prediction unit based on at least one among a prediction mode of the current prediction unit among the prediction units, size information of the current prediction unit, and color depth information of the current prediction unit, and decoding the current prediction unit, using the coding tool, in response to the determining to use the coding tool.

Abstract: Disclosed is a video decoding method including: obtaining a disparity vector having components in sub-pixel unit for interlayer prediction between images belonging to a current layer and a reference layer; determining a position of an integer pixel of the reference layer corresponding to a position indicated by the disparity vector obtained from the position of a current pixel of the current layer; and decoding the image of the current layer by using prediction information on a candidate area of the reference layer corresponding to the determined position of the integer pixel.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods configured to encode and decode multi-layer video are provided. A method of prediction-decoding a multi-layer video includes obtaining information indicating whether a decoded picture buffer (DPB) storing a first layer and a DPB storing a second layer operate identically, and operating the DPB storing the second layer based on the obtained information.

Abstract: An interlayer video decoding method comprises reconstructing a first layer image based on encoding information acquired from a first layer bitstream; reconstructing a second layer current block determined as a predetermined partition mode and a prediction mode by using interlayer prediction information acquired from a second layer bitstream and a first layer reference block corresponding to a current block of a first layer reconstruction image that is to be reconstructed in a second layer; determining whether to perform luminance compensation on the second layer current block in a partition mode in which the second layer current block is not split; and compensating for luminance of the second layer current block according to whether luminance compensation is performed and reconstructing a second layer image including the second layer current block of which luminance is compensated for.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for inter-layer encoding and a method and apparatus for inter-layer decoding video using residual prediction. The inter-layer video decoding method includes: obtaining a decoded first layer image from a first layer bitstream; determining, based on residual prediction information obtained from a second layer bitstream, whether to perform residual prediction performed on a second layer block by referring to a first layer block corresponding to the second layer block within the first layer image; in response to determining not to perform the residual prediction, obtaining luminance compensation information from the second layer bitstream and determining whether to perform luminance compensation based on the luminance compensation information; and in response to determining to perform the luminance compensation, performing the luminance compensation on the second layer block.

Abstract: Provided is a method of reconstructing multilayer images including obtaining RAP picture information of a plurality of layers including a base layer and an enhancement layer, independently decoding a RAP picture of the base layer by using RAP picture information, and independently decoding a RAP picture of the enhancement layer by using RAP picture information.

Abstract: Disclosed is a depth map frame decoding method including reconstructing a color frame obtained from a bitstream based on encoding information of the color frame; splitting a largest coding unit of a depth map frame obtained from the bitstream into one or more coding units based on split information of the depth map frame; splitting the one or more coding units into one or more prediction units for prediction decoding; determining whether to split a current prediction unit into at least one partition and decode the current prediction unit by obtaining information indicating whether to split the current prediction unit into the at least one or more partitions from the bitstream; if it is determined that the current prediction unit is to be decoded by being split into the at least one or more partitions, obtaining prediction information of the one or more prediction units from the bitstream and determining whether to decode the current prediction unit by using differential information indicating a difference bet

Abstract: A method of generating a parameter set includes obtaining common information inserted into at least two lower parameter sets which belong to the same upper parameter set; determining whether the common information is to be added to at least one among the upper parameter set and the at least two lower parameter sets; and adding the common information to at least one among the upper parameter set and the at least two lower parameter sets, based on a result of the determining.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for coding and decoding a multilayer video. The method for decoding a multilayer comprise: decoding a first layer picture and saving same to a decoded picture buffer (DPB); marking the first layer picture as a short-term reference picture; obtaining interlayer RPS information of a second layer picture which has a first POC identical to that of the first layer picture and which is interlayer-predicted by referencing the first layer picture; marking the first layer picture which has been marked as the short-term reference picture as a long-term reference picture, based on the interlayer RPS information; and performing interlayer prediction with respect to the second layer picture by referencing the first layer picture which has been marked as the long-term reference picture.

Abstract: A method of decoding multi-layer video includes decoding a first layer picture, storing the decoded first layer picture in a decoded picture buffer (DPB), and marking the first layer picture as a short-term reference picture; obtaining interlayer reference picture set (RPS) information regarding a second layer picture having a same first picture order count (POC) as the first layer picture; marking the first layer picture, which is marked as the short-term reference picture, as a long-term reference picture, based on the interlayer RPS information; performing interlayer prediction with respect to the second layer picture with reference to the first layer picture; decoding the second layer picture based on a result of performing the interlayer prediction; and, after the second layer picture is decoded, marking the first layer picture, which is marked as the long-term reference picture, as a short-term reference picture.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for decoding a multi-layer video, and a method and apparatus for encoding a multi-layer video. The method includes obtaining a NAL unit including encoding information and type information of a first layer picture and identifying a type of the first layer picture, obtaining a NAL unit including encoding information and type information of a second layer picture and identifying a type of the second layer picture that is set to be the same as the type of the first layer picture having a same POC as the second layer picture, and decoding the first layer picture and the second layer picture based on the identified first layer picture type and the identified second layer picture type.

Abstract: An interlayer video decoding method and apparatus and an interlayer video encoding method and apparatus are provided. The decoding method includes: reconstructing, based on encoding information obtained from a bitstream, a first layer image and a first layer depth map; determining whether a disparity vector is predictable using peripheral blocks of a second layer current block; and when the disparity vector is not predictable using the peripheral blocks, determining a disparity vector of the second layer current block using a default disparity vector and the reconstructed first layer depth map.

Abstract: Provided are an inter-layer video encoding method and apparatus therefor and an inter-layer video decoding method and apparatus therefor. An inter-layer video decoding method involves reconstructing a first layer image, based on encoding information obtained from a first layer bitstream; in order to reconstruct a second layer block determined as a predetermined partition type and to be in a prediction mode, determining whether to perform illumination compensation for the reconstructed second layer block determined by using a first layer reference block that is from among the reconstructed first layer image and corresponds to the second layer block; and generating the reconstructed second layer block by using inter-layer prediction information obtained from a second layer bitstream and the first layer reference block, and generating a second layer image including the reconstructed second layer block whose illumination is determined according to whether the illumination compensation was performed.

Abstract: Provided is a video decoding method including determining whether a random access point (RAP) picture is positioned in an enhancement layer; determining whether a random access skipped leading (RASL) picture related to the RAP picture is output; and if the RAP picture is positioned in the enhancement layer and the RASL picture is determined not to be output, activating a SPS corresponding to the RAP picture when the RAP picture that is not at a start point of a CVS is decoded.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for encoding and decoding mode information of a block of an image. The method of decoding the mode information includes decoding information representing whether a current block is encoded in a first mode, and hierarchically decoding information representing an encoding mode of the current block from among a second mode and a third mode.

Abstract: A screen image encoding method includes: obtaining and storing one or more candidate blocks, which are spatially co-located with a current block, from images encoded prior to a current image; determining whether a reference block used to encode the current block exists in the stored one or more candidate blocks; and encoding at least one of index information indicating the reference block, prediction information used to encode the current block from the reference block, and information about the current block, based on a result of the determining.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for inter-layer encoding and a method and apparatus for inter-layer decoding video using residual prediction. The inter-layer video decoding method includes: obtaining a decoded first layer image from a first layer bitstream; determining, based on residual prediction information obtained from a second layer bitstream, whether to perform residual prediction performed on a second layer block by referring to a first layer block corresponding to the second layer block within the first layer image; in response to determining not to perform the residual prediction, obtaining luminance compensation information from the second layer bitstream and determining whether to perform luminance compensation based on the luminance compensation information; and in response to determining to perform the luminance compensation, performing the luminance compensation on the second layer block.

Abstract: Provided are a video stream decoding method and apparatus, and a video stream encoding method and apparatus. The video stream decoding method includes: receiving encoded data of a video stream; obtaining, from the received encoded data, prediction information about encoded current-view image data; and decoding a current-view image by generating motion-compensated current-view image data by using at least one of the encoded current-view image data and another-view image data based on the obtained prediction information, wherein the obtained prediction information includes Advanced Motion Vector Prediction (AMVP) mode prediction information generated by using a candidate list including two candidates, and the obtained prediction information further includes a motion vector prediction flag indicating a candidate from among the two candidates included in the candidate list, which is used in generating the AMVP mode prediction information.

Abstract: A multi-layer video coding method includes generating network abstraction layer (NAL) units for each data unit by dividing a multi-layer video according to data units, and adding scalable information to a video parameter set (VPS) NAL UNIT from among pieces of transmission unit data for each data unit.

Abstract: Provided is a video decoding method including determining whether a random access point (RAP) picture is positioned in an enhancement layer; determining whether a random access skipped leading (RASL) picture related to the RAP picture is output; and if the RAP picture is positioned in the enhancement layer and the RASL picture is determined not to be output, activating a SPS corresponding to the RAP picture when the RAP picture that is not at a start point of a CVS is decoded.