Abstract: Provided are a method for generating a summary and a system therefor. The method according to some embodiments may include calculating a likelihood loss for a summary model using a first text sample and a first summary sentence corresponding to the first text sample, calculating an unlikelihood loss for the summary model using a second text sample and the first summary sentence, the second text sample being a negative sample generated from the first text sample, and updating the summary model based on the likelihood loss and the unlikelihood loss.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate, a first conductive layer on the substrate, the first conductive layer including a data signal line, a first insulating layer on the first conductive layer, a semiconductor layer on the first insulating layer, the semiconductor layer including a first semiconductor pattern, a second insulating layer on the semiconductor layer, and a second conductive layer on the second insulating layer, the second conductive layer including a gate electrode disposed to overlap the first semiconductor pattern, a transistor first electrode disposed to overlap a part of the first semiconductor pattern, wherein the transistor first electrode is electrically connected to the data signal line through a contact hole that penetrates the first and second insulating layers, and a transistor second electrode disposed to overlap another part of the first semiconductor pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method for access control using real-time positioning technology and a device using the same. According to a positioning method of a positioning module, the positioning module is configured to measure a location of at least one location-unrecognized device and a location of a terminal, wherein the at least one location-unrecognized device, the terminal and at least one location-recognized device is located in a certain zone, and wherein the positioning module has coordinate information of the at least one location-recognized device and the positioning module has not coordinate information of the at least one location-unrecognized device.

Abstract: An embodiment of the inventive concept provides a method of manufacturing a polymer film, the method including: preparing a first copolymer containing a first functional group; preparing a second copolymer containing a second functional group; preparing a first compound containing a third functional group; and performing a cross-linking reaction by mixing the first copolymer, the second copolymer, and the first compound, wherein the cross-linking reaction includes a reaction of the first functional group and the second functional group and a reaction of the second functional group and the third functional group, the first compound includes a polar group and any one group selected from among a vinyl group, an aryl group, and an acrylate group, and the third functional group has reactivity with respect to the second functional group, but does not have reactivity with respect to the first functional group.

Abstract: Provided is focal variable device system including a focus variable element including an absorbing layer, and an adjustable light source configured to cause an adjustable light to enter the focus variable element. The absorbing layer includes a thermal expansion material that absorbs the adjustable light and thermally expands.

Abstract: An embodiment of the inventive concept provides a method of manufacturing a polymer film, the method including: preparing a first copolymer containing a first functional group; preparing a second copolymer containing a second functional group; preparing a first compound containing a third functional group; and performing a cross-linking reaction by mixing the first copolymer, the second copolymer, and the first compound, wherein the cross-linking reaction includes a reaction of the first functional group and the second functional group and a reaction of the second functional group and the third functional group, the first compound includes a polar group and any one group selected from among a vinyl group, an aryl group, and an acrylate group, and the third functional group has reactivity with respect to the second functional group, but does not have reactivity with respect to the first functional group.

Abstract: Provided is focal variable device system including a focus variable element including an absorbing layer, and an adjustable light source configured to cause an adjustable light to enter the focus variable element. The absorbing layer includes a thermal expansion material that absorbs the adjustable light and thermally expands.

Abstract: An apparatus for a mobile telecommunication is provided. A mobile telecommunication apparatus having a built-in camera including: a camera body to which a lens and an image signal detector are attached; a housing for accommodating the camera body; and a connection member disposed between the camera body and the housing, and forming a first turning axis and a second turning axis so that the camera body turns in relation to the housing with respect to two different turning axes independently from each other.