Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate having a first area and a second area, and a first gate pattern on the first area and a second gate pattern on the second area. The first gate pattern includes a first gate insulating pattern on the first area, a first gate barrier pattern on the first gate insulating pattern, and a first work function metal pattern on the first gate barrier pattern. The second gate pattern includes a second gate insulating pattern on the second area, a second gate barrier pattern on the second gate insulating pattern, and a second work function metal pattern on the second gate barrier pattern. The first gate barrier pattern includes a metal material different than the second gate barrier pattern.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate including multiple active regions having a common conductivity type and separate, respective gate electrodes on the separate active regions. Different high-k dielectric layers may he between the separate active regions and the respective gate electrodes on the active regions. Different quantities of high-k dielectric layers may be between the separate active regions and the respective gate electrodes on the active regions. The different high-k dielectric layers may include different work-function adjusting materials.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a gate structure crossing an active pattern of a substrate. The semiconductor device may include a gate dielectric pattern between the substrate and the gate electrode. The gate structure includes a gate electrode, a capping pattern on the gate electrode, and one or more low-k dielectric layers at least partially covering one or more sidewalls of the capping pattern. The gate structure may include spacers at opposite sidewalk of the gate electrode and separate low-k dielectric layers between the capping pattern and the spacers. The capping pattern may have a width that is smaller than a width of the gate electrode. The capping pattern has a first dielectric constant, and the one or more low-k dielectric layers have a second dielectric constant. The second dielectric constant is smaller than the first dielectric constant. The second dielectric constant may he greater than or equal to 1.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate having a first area and a second area, and a first gate pattern on the first area and a second gate pattern on the second area. The first gate pattern includes a first gate insulating pattern on the first area, a first gate barrier pattern on the first gate insulating pattern, and a first work function metal pattern on the first gate barrier pattern. The second gate pattern includes a second gate insulating pattern on the second area, a second gate barrier pattern on the second gate insulating pattern, and a second work function metal pattern on the second gate barrier pattern. The first gate barrier pattern includes a metal material different than the second gate barrier pattern.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices and methods of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The semiconductor device a gate dielectric pattern on a substrate and a gate electrode on the gate dielectric pattern opposite the substrate. The gate electrode includes a first conductive pattern disposed on the gate dielectric pattern and including aluminum, and a second conductive pattern disposed between the first conductive pattern and the gate dielectric pattern. The second conductive pattern has an aluminum concentration that is higher than an aluminum concentration of the first conductive pattern. The second conductive pattern may be thicker than the first conductive pattern.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices and methods of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The semiconductor device a gate dielectric pattern on a substrate and a gate electrode on the gate dielectric pattern opposite the substrate. The gate electrode includes a first conductive pattern disposed on the gate dielectric pattern and including aluminum, and a second conductive pattern disposed between the first conductive pattern and the gate dielectric pattern. The second conductive pattern has an aluminum concentration that is higher than an aluminum concentration of the first conductive pattern. The second conductive pattern may be thicker than the first conductive pattern.

Abstract: The Ge channel device comprises: a Ge channel layer (2); a Si-containing interface layer (4) formed on the Ge channel layer (2); a La2O3 layer (6) formed on the interface layer (4); and an electrically conductive layer (8) formed on the La2O3 layer (6). In this device, the Si-containing interface layer (4) functions to suppress the diffusion of Ge atoms into the La2O3 layer (6) and thereby prevents the formation of Ge oxide in the La2O3 layer (6); accordingly, a Ge channel device whose C-V characteristic exhibits only a small hysteresis can be achieved.