Patents by Inventor Jafar Savoj

Jafar Savoj has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Patent number: 12283956
    Abstract: A circuit for sensing local operating properties of an integrated circuit is disclosed. The circuit may include one or more sensor circuits configured to sense the local operating properties of the integrated circuit. The sensor circuits may receive a supply voltage with a magnitude in a limited range from a digital power supply that is different from the digital power supply that provides power to functional circuits in the integrated circuit. Level shifters may be coupled to the sensor circuits to shift output signals from the sensor circuits to levels that correspond to the digital power supply that provides power to functional circuits in the integrated circuit. Counters and a shift register may be coupled to the level shifters to receive the shifted output signals, the values of which may be used to determine the local operating properties of the integrated circuit as sensed by the sensor circuits.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 5, 2023
    Date of Patent: April 22, 2025
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Ramy A. Ahmed, Bruno W. Garlepp, Jafar Savoj
  • Patent number: 12278719
    Abstract: A receiver with feed-forward equalization is disclosed. A receiver includes a delay circuit configured to receive a first signal that encodes a serial data stream having a plurality of data symbols. The delay circuit includes at least one T-coil circuit and is configured to generate a plurality of delayed signals using the first signal. The receiver further includes a front-end circuit configured to generate an equalized signal using the at first signal and one or more delayed signals of the plurality of delayed signals. A sample circuit is configured to sample the equalized signal to generate a plurality of samples. A recovery circuit configured to generate a plurality of recovered data symbols using the plurality of samples.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 9, 2022
    Date of Patent: April 15, 2025
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Bo Sun, Jafar Savoj
  • Patent number: 12278886
    Abstract: A hybrid receiver circuit included in a computer system may include both an analog and an ADC-based receiver circuit. A front-end circuit generates different equalized signals based on received signals that encode a serial data stream that includes multiple data symbols. Depending on a baud rate of the serial data stream, either the digital receive circuit or the analog receiver circuit is activated to provide the desired performance and power consumption over the range of possible baud rates. The ADC-based receiver circuit may include multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits with different resolutions that can be selected for different baud rates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 8, 2023
    Date of Patent: April 15, 2025
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Ryan D. Bartling, Jafar Savoj, Brian S. Leibowitz
  • Patent number: 12244683
    Abstract: A serial data receiver circuit included in a computer system may include a front-end circuit, a sample circuit that includes multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits, and a recovery circuit. The sample circuit may sample a serial data stream at different times that correspond to even-numbered and odd-numbered symbols in the serial data stream. The recovery circuit may use different coefficients to process the respective samples of the even-numbered and odd-numbered symbols in order to recover the data symbols encoded in the serial data stream.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 17, 2023
    Date of Patent: March 4, 2025
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Ryan D. Bartling, Jafar Savoj
  • Publication number: 20250038706
    Abstract: The present disclosure describes a circuit that includes a first inductor circuit, a second inductor circuit, a first capacitor circuit, and a second capacitor circuit. The first inductor circuit includes a first inductor and a first driver circuit. The second inductor circuit includes a second inductor and a second driver circuit. The first inductor circuit operates at a first frequency. The second inductor operates at a second frequency. The first capacitor circuit provides a first signal to the second inductor circuit to adjust a first magnetic coupling generated by the first inductor circuit. The second capacitor circuit provides a second signal to the first inductor circuit to adjust a second magnetic coupling generated by the second inductor circuit.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 26, 2023
    Publication date: January 30, 2025
    Applicant: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Bo SUN, Jafar SAVOJ, Sanjeev K. MAHESHWARI
  • Patent number: 12052335
    Abstract: A serial data receiver circuit included in a computer system may include both an analog and an ADC-based receiver circuit. A front-end circuit generates different equalized signals based on received signals that encode a serial data stream that includes multiple data symbols. During startup of a communication channel, phase information generated by the analog receiver circuit may be used to generate clock signals for the ADC-based receiver circuit. After a period of time, the ADC-based receiver circuit can generate its own phase information to be used in the generation of the clock signals.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 31, 2023
    Date of Patent: July 30, 2024
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Ryan D. Bartling, Jafar Savoj
  • Patent number: 12013713
    Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a system implementing a sensor. A sensing system is implemented in a functional circuit block that is coupled to a global supply voltage node. The sensing system includes a power converter circuit configured to generate a regulated voltage level on a local supply node using the voltage present on the global supply voltage node. The system also includes a sensor circuit coupled to receive the regulated voltage node, wherein the sensor is configured to compare corresponding parameters of different ones of a number of subset of device at a plurality of different time points and generate a plurality of comparison results. The comparisons generate an analog signal that is proportional to the operating parameter. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is coupled to receive the analog signal and generate a plurality of bits corresponding thereto.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 25, 2020
    Date of Patent: June 18, 2024
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Ali Mesgarani, Ke Yun, Seyedeh Sedigheh Hashemi, Jasdeep S. Dhaliwal, Mansour Keramat, Jafar Savoj, Bruno W. Garlepp, Vahid Majidzadeh Bafar, Emerson S. Fang
  • Publication number: 20240097875
    Abstract: A serial data receiver circuit included in a computer system may include both an analog and an ADC-based receiver circuit. A front-end circuit generates different equalized signals based on received signals that encode a serial data stream that includes multiple data symbols. During startup of a communication channel, phase information generated by the analog receiver circuit may be used to generate clock signals for the ADC-based receiver circuit. After a period of time, the ADC-based receiver circuit can generate its own phase information to be used in the generation of the clock signals.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 31, 2023
    Publication date: March 21, 2024
    Inventors: Ryan D. Bartling, Jafar Savoj
  • Publication number: 20240097874
    Abstract: A serial data receiver circuit included in a computer system may include a front-end circuit, a sample circuit that includes multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits, and a recovery circuit. The sample circuit may sample a serial data stream at different times that correspond to even-numbered and odd-numbered symbols in the serial data stream. The recovery circuit may use different coefficients to process the respective samples of the even-numbered and odd-numbered symbols in order to recover the data symbols encoded in the serial data stream.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 17, 2023
    Publication date: March 21, 2024
    Inventors: Ryan D. Bartling, Jafar Savoj
  • Publication number: 20240089154
    Abstract: A receiver with feed-forward equalization is disclosed. A receiver includes a delay circuit configured to receive a first signal that encodes a serial data stream having a plurality of data symbols. The delay circuit includes at least one T-coil circuit and is configured to generate a plurality of delayed signals using the first signal. The receiver further includes a front-end circuit configured to generate an equalized signal using the at first signal and one or more delayed signals of the plurality of delayed signals. A sample circuit is configured to sample the equalized signal to generate a plurality of samples. A recovery circuit configured to generate a plurality of recovered data symbols using the plurality of samples.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 9, 2022
    Publication date: March 14, 2024
    Inventors: Bo Sun, Jafar Savoj
  • Publication number: 20240061460
    Abstract: A current mirror circuit included in a computer system that includes a mirror stage circuit and a feedback circuit is disclosed. The mirror stage circuit generates a mirror current in an output node using a reference current. The feedback circuit adjusts the value of the mirror current based on a voltage level of the output node to increase the output impedance of the current mirror circuit.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 16, 2022
    Publication date: February 22, 2024
    Inventors: Bo Sun, Jafar Savoj
  • Publication number: 20240014821
    Abstract: A circuit for sensing local operating properties of an integrated circuit is disclosed. The circuit may include one or more sensor circuits configured to sense the local operating properties of the integrated circuit. The sensor circuits may receive a supply voltage with a magnitude in a limited range from a digital power supply that is different from the digital power supply that provides power to functional circuits in the integrated circuit. Level shifters may be coupled to the sensor circuits to shift output signals from the sensor circuits to levels that correspond to the digital power supply that provides power to functional circuits in the integrated circuit. Counters and a shift register may be coupled to the level shifters to receive the shifted output signals, the values of which may be used to determine the local operating properties of the integrated circuit as sensed by the sensor circuits.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 5, 2023
    Publication date: January 11, 2024
    Inventors: Ramy A. Ahmed, Bruno W. Garlepp, Jafar Savoj
  • Patent number: 11868109
    Abstract: A universally-designed control circuit for communicating with multiple types of sensors is disclosed. For example, a control circuit may communicate with either ring oscillator-based sensors or BJT-based sensors based on programming implemented in the control circuit. The control circuit may include programmable communication protocol circuits for communicating with the sensors and conversion circuits that convert a particular type of sensor data packet into a generic format. The generic format sensor data may then be utilized by a power management unit or other device to control operation of an integrated circuit.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 3, 2021
    Date of Patent: January 9, 2024
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Robert S. Brandt, II, Bruno W. Garlepp, Ke Yun, Navin Kumar, Jafar Savoj
  • Publication number: 20230283449
    Abstract: A hybrid receiver circuit included in a computer system may include both an analog and an ADC-based receiver circuit. A front-end circuit generates different equalized signals based on received signals that encode a serial data stream that includes multiple data symbols. Depending on a baud rate of the serial data stream, either the digital receive circuit or the analog receiver circuit is activated to provide the desired performance and power consumption over the range of possible baud rates. The ADC-based receiver circuit may include multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits with different resolutions that can be selected for different baud rates.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 8, 2023
    Publication date: September 7, 2023
    Inventors: Ryan D. Bartling, Jafar Savoj, Brian S. Leibowitz
  • Patent number: 11750325
    Abstract: A system and method for efficiently transporting data in a computing system are contemplated. In various embodiments, a computing system includes a source, a destination and multiple lanes between them for transporting data. Multiple receivers in the destination has a respective termination resistor connected to a single integrating capacitor, which provides a reference voltage to the multiple receivers. The receivers reconstruct the received data by comparing the corresponding input signals to the reference voltage. The source includes a table storing code words. The source maps a generated data word to a code word, which is sent to the destination. The destination maps the received code word to the data word. The values of the code words are selected to maintain a nearly same number of Boolean ones on the multiple lanes over time as a number of Boolean zeroes.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 20, 2020
    Date of Patent: September 5, 2023
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Jafar Savoj, Praveen R. Singh, Brian S. Leibowitz, Emerson S. Fang
  • Patent number: 11689351
    Abstract: A hybrid receiver circuit included in a computer system may include both an analog and an ADC-based receiver circuit. A front-end circuit generates different equalized signals based on received signals that encode a serial data stream that includes multiple data symbols. Depending on a baud rate of the serial data stream, either the digital receive circuit or the analog receiver circuit is activated to provide the desired performance and power consumption over the range of possible baud rates. The ADC-based receiver circuit may include multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits with different resolutions that can be selected for different baud rates.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 22, 2021
    Date of Patent: June 27, 2023
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Ryan D. Bartling, Jafar Savoj, Brian S. Leibowitz
  • Patent number: 11671103
    Abstract: A circuit for sensing local operating properties of an integrated circuit is disclosed. The circuit may include one or more sensor circuits configured to sense the local operating properties of the integrated circuit. The sensor circuits may receive a supply voltage with a magnitude in a limited range from a digital power supply that is different from the digital power supply that provides power to functional circuits in the integrated circuit. Level shifters may be coupled to the sensor circuits to shift output signals from the sensor circuits to levels that correspond to the digital power supply that provides power to functional circuits in the integrated circuit. Counters and a shift register may be coupled to the level shifters to receive the shifted output signals, the values of which may be used to determine the local operating properties of the integrated circuit as sensed by the sensor circuits.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 7, 2022
    Date of Patent: June 6, 2023
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Ramy A. Ahmed, Bruno W. Garlepp, Jafar Savoj
  • Patent number: 11658671
    Abstract: A serial data receiver circuit included in a computer system may include a front-end circuit, a sample circuit that includes multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits, and a recovery circuit. The front-end circuit may generate an equalized signal using multiple signals that encode a serial data stream of multiple data symbols. Based on a baud rate of the serial data stream, a determined number of the multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits sample, using a recovered clock signal, the equalized signal at the respective times to generate corresponding samples. The recovery circuit generates, using the samples, the recovered clock signal and recovered data symbols.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 22, 2021
    Date of Patent: May 23, 2023
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Ryan D. Bartling, Jafar Savoj, Brian S. Leibowitz, Shah M. Sharif
  • Publication number: 20230093114
    Abstract: A serial data receiver circuit included in a computer system may include a front-end circuit, a sample circuit that includes multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits, and a recovery circuit. The front-end circuit may generate an equalized signal using multiple signals that encode a serial data stream of multiple data symbols. Based on a baud rate of the serial data stream, a determined number of the multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits sample, using a recovered clock signal, the equalized signal at the respective times to generate corresponding samples. The recovery circuit generates, using the samples, the recovered clock signal and recovered data symbols.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 22, 2021
    Publication date: March 23, 2023
    Inventors: Ryan D. Bartling, Jafar Savoj, Brian S. Leibowitz, Shah M. Sharif
  • Publication number: 20230092906
    Abstract: A hybrid receiver circuit included in a computer system may include both an analog and an ADC-based receiver circuit. A front-end circuit generates different equalized signals based on received signals that encode a serial data stream that includes multiple data symbols. Depending on a baud rate of the serial data stream, either the digital receive circuit or the analog receiver circuit is activated to provide the desired performance and power consumption over the range of possible baud rates. The ADC-based receiver circuit may include multiple analog-to-digital converter circuits with different resolutions that can be selected for different baud rates.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 22, 2021
    Publication date: March 23, 2023
    Inventors: Ryan D. Bartling, Jafar Savoj, Brian S. Leibowitz