Abstract: A method of operating a battery pack includes identifying a plurality of batteries in the battery pack, estimating a state of charge of each of the plurality of the batteries, obtaining a plurality of parameters of each of the plurality of the batteries, and determining, selectively, a charge current or a discharge current for each of the plurality of batteries using the state of charge and the plurality of parameters of each of the plurality of the batteries.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products are provided herein in connection with IoT-enabled solar PV health monitoring and advising related thereto.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: utilizing at least one processor to execute computer code that performs the steps of: receiving forecasted geomagnetic information caused by solar activity; estimating, using the forecasted geomagnetic information, a geomagnetically induced potential for each of a plurality of transformers operatively coupled to a transmission line, wherein the geomagnetically induced potential is created by geomagnetic disturbances identified using the forecasted geomagnetic information; determining an optimized compensation voltage to be applied to at least one of the plurality of transformers operatively coupled to the transmission line, wherein the optimized compensation voltage comprises a voltage that reduces the potential difference, caused by the induced potential, between neutral lines of the plurality of transformers; and applying the optimized compensation voltage to at least one of the plurality of transformers operatively coupled to the transmission line.

Abstract: Methods and arrangements for power theft location in an electrical grid. A contemplated method includes: utilizing at least one processor to execute computer code that performs the steps of: receiving an indication of a voltage of a plurality of nodes in the branch of the electrical distribution grid; identifying voltage differences between at least of two of the plurality of the nodes over a predetermined number of days, relative to different time periods within each day, wherein the at least two of the plurality of the nodes are at a known relative position in the branch of the electrical distribution grid; and evaluating the identified voltage differences to determine whether the identified voltage differences satisfy a predetermined criterion indicating no power theft. Other variants and embodiments are broadly contemplated herein.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: receiving photovoltaic output from a solar module, the solar module comprising a plurality of solar panels electronically connected together by a plurality of strings, wherein the photovoltaic output corresponding to any given one of the strings is limited by the lowest performing solar panel in said given one of the strings; determining a reflection profile for the solar module, wherein the reflection profile describes an illumination pattern of light incident onto the solar module; and increasing, based upon the determined reflection profile, the photovoltaic output of the solar module to match a requested photovoltaic output, wherein the increasing comprises electrically reassigning one or more solar panels within the solar module from one string to a different string, such that each string electrically ties together solar panels that produce a photovoltaic output within a predetermined range of each other.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: receiving configuration input for a solar structure; the configuration input comprising (i) a geographical location, (ii) module configuration input, and (iii) reflector configuration input; identifying the position of the sun; determining an angle between the solar reflector and the solar module corresponding to a predetermined power gain for the solar module, wherein the determining comprises (i) identifying the corresponding area of the solar module that is illuminated by the solar reflector and (ii) totaling the contributions from each of the solar reflectors to calculate an irradiance for each solar cell; adjusting the angles of at least some of the solar reflectors with respect to the solar module to angles determined to correspond to the predetermined power gain using at least one actuator; and dynamically changing how the solar cells are electrically connected together to form a plurality of strings.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method, a computer program product, and a computer system for predictive maintenance of refrigeration cases. A computer collects a temperature time series for a refrigeration case and, based on the temperature time series, learns a refrigeration case signature for both non-frost and defrost cycles. The computer generates features based on the refrigeration case signature and compares the refrigeration case signature to real time, or observed, temperatures and features using a rule-based and/or machine learning framework. Based on determining that the real time data varies beyond a threshold from the refrigeration case signature, the computer identifies a failure symptom of the refrigeration case and diagnoses a root cause of the symptom or failure. In addition, the computer may activate an alarm and open a work order corresponding to the root cause of the symptom or failure.

Abstract: An indication of water flowing into a fixture and down a drain of the fixture is received. A timer is started. A flow rate and attributes of the water flowing into the fixture are monitored. Attributes of the water flowing through the drain are monitored. A determination is made that the attributes of water flowing into the fixture match, within a threshold, the attributes of water flowing through the drain. A first duration of time of water being wasted is determined. A determination is made that water flowing into the fixture has stopped. A total duration of time of water being wasted, based on at least the first duration of time, is determined. A volume of water being wasted is determined based on the total duration of time and the flow rate.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: receiving photovoltaic output from a solar module, the solar module comprising a plurality of solar panels electronically connected together by a plurality of strings, wherein the photovoltaic output corresponding to any given one of the strings is limited by the lowest performing solar panel in said given one of the strings; determining a reflection profile for the solar module, wherein the reflection profile describes an illumination pattern of light incident onto the solar module; and increasing, based upon the determined reflection profile, the photovoltaic output of the solar module to match a requested photovoltaic output, wherein the increasing comprises electrically reassigning one or more solar panels within the solar module from one string to a different string, such that each string electrically ties together solar panels that produce a photovoltaic output within a predetermined range of each other.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method, a computer program product, and a computer system for predictive maintenance of refrigeration cases. A computer collects a temperature time series for a refrigeration case and, based on the temperature time series, learns a refrigeration case signature for both non-frost and defrost cycles. The computer generates features based on the refrigeration case signature and compares the refrigeration case signature to real time, or observed, temperatures and features using a rule-based and/or machine learning framework. Based on determining that the real time data varies beyond a threshold from the refrigeration case signature, the computer identifies a failure symptom of the refrigeration case and diagnoses a root cause of the symptom or failure. In addition, the computer may activate an alarm and open a work order corresponding to the root cause of the symptom or failure.

Abstract: Systems and methods for cognitive alarm management in a power grid are described. In one embodiment, sensor measurements are transformed to determine the state of a power grid. Given current state information relating to the power grid, various analyses of the alarms may be conducted to produce various rankings of the alarms (e.g., by severity, graph analyses, etc.). In an embodiment, using power flow analysis, an optimal ranking is identified from the rankings in which a causal alarm is prioritized for resolution. Given the resolution of the causal alarm, remaining alarms (either all or a sub-set) may be resolved without further action. Thus, an embodiment provides an appropriate ranking of alarm conditions in a power grid such that the optimal resolution of alarms may be achieved. Other variants and embodiments are broadly contemplated herein.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: utilizing at least one processor to execute computer code that performs the steps of: receiving forecasted geomagnetic information caused by solar activity; estimating, using the forecasted geomagnetic information, a geomagnetically induced potential for each of a plurality of transformers operatively coupled to a transmission line, wherein the geomagnetically induced potential is created by geomagnetic disturbances identified using the forecasted geomagnetic information; determining an optimized compensation voltage to be applied to at least one of the plurality of transformers operatively coupled to the transmission line, wherein the optimized compensation voltage comprises a voltage that reduces the potential difference, caused by the induced potential, between neutral lines of the plurality of transformers; and applying the optimized compensation voltage to at least one of the plurality of transformers operatively coupled to the transmission line.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: receiving information, from at least one energy subsystem, indicating a desired amount of photovoltaic output to be produced by at least one photovoltaic panel, wherein the at least one photovoltaic panel comprises at least one photovoltaic harvester; ascertaining the amount of photovoltaic output being produced by the at least one photovoltaic panel; determining the difference between the desired amount of photovoltaic output and the amount of photovoltaic output being produced; identifying the maximum possible amount of photovoltaic output that could be produced by the at least one photovoltaic panel; and optimizing, using an optimization technique, the amount of photovoltaic output produced by the at least one photovoltaic harvester by adjusting at least one characteristic of the at least one photovoltaic harvester, wherein the adjusting comprises: if the difference is less than the maximum possible amount, adjusting at least one characteristic of the at least o

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for mitigating the effects of shading in photovoltaic cells using flow batteries are provided herein. A computer-implemented method includes connecting at least one fuel stack to one or more photovoltaic cells, wherein each fuel stack comprises (i) one or more ports and (ii) one or more electrochemical cells; determining that one or more portions of the one or more photovoltaic cells are impacted by a shading effect; converting chemical energy stored in an electrolytic solution to electrical energy, by interacting the electrolytic solution with the electrochemical cells of each fuel stack connected to the portions of the impacted photovoltaic cells; automatically opening the ports of each fuel stack connected to the one or more portions of the impacted photovoltaic cells; and supplying the electrical energy to the portions of the impacted photovoltaic cells.

Abstract: Methods and arrangements for localizing an outage in a power grid. An outage is detected in a power grid, the power grid including interconnected nodes. At least one candidate network topology (in the power grid) with respect to the outage is determined, and power consumption information and measured voltages relative to the nodes in the power grid are received. Voltage at a plurality of the nodes in the power grid is estimated based on the received power consumption information and on the at least one candidate network topology, and a location of the outage is estimated, based on the estimated node voltages and measured voltages. Other variants and embodiments are broadly contemplated herein.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for distributed phase balancing are provided herein. A method of use in connection with a distribution network having a phase imbalance includes determining one or more power consumption parameters associated with a given entity of the distribution network; determining one or more power supply parameters associated with the given entity of the distribution network; and computing, based on said one or more power consumption parameters and said one or more power supply parameters, at least one of (i) a level of power consumption increase and/or decrease and (ii) a level of power supply increase and/or decrease associated with one or more devices of the given entity to remedy the phase imbalance within the distribution network.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for determining intermittent renewable energy penetration limits in a grid are provided herein.

Abstract: Methods and arrangements for power theft location in an electrical grid. A contemplated method includes: utilizing at least one processor to execute computer code that performs the steps of: receiving an indication of a voltage of a plurality of nodes in the branch of the electrical distribution grid; identifying voltage differences between at least of two of the plurality of the nodes over a predetermined number of days, relative to different time periods within each day, wherein the at least two of the plurality of the nodes are at a known relative position in the branch of the electrical distribution grid; and evaluating the identified voltage differences to determine whether the identified voltage differences satisfy a predetermined criterion indicating no power theft. Other variants and embodiments are broadly contemplated herein.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a system, method, and computer program product to detect and localize non-technical losses in an energy distribution system. A computing device determines the energy consumption of a link and/or node that is associated with an energy grid. The computing device determines the mismatch between the determined energy consumption of the link and/or node and the predicted energy consumption of the link and/or node. The computing device also determines the location of unauthorized energy consumption within the energy that is associated with the mismatch.

Abstract: A method for improving power factor includes collecting consumption data of at least one appliance, building a consumption profile for each of the at least one appliance based on the consumption data collected, reconstructing reactive power consumption of each of the at least one appliance based on the consumption profile for each of the at least one appliance, and computing a schedule for each of the at least one appliance in accordance the reactive power consumption of each of the at least one appliance to improve power factor while respecting at least one constraint.