Abstract: Techniques are described for automating the design and manufacture a dental restoration appliance for restoring the dental anatomy of a patient. For example, a system processes a digital three-dimensional (3D) model of a future (desired) dental anatomy of a patient, the future dental anatomy representing an intended shape of at least one tooth of the patient. The system includes a landmark identifier configured to automatically compute, based on the digital 3D model of the future dental anatomy of the patient, one or more landmarks of the future dental anatomy of the patient. The system also includes a custom feature generator configured to automatically generate, based on the one or more landmarks, one or more custom appliance features for a dental appliance for restoring the at least one tooth of the patient. The system further includes a memory device configured to store a digital model of the dental appliance.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a fuel injector nozzle comprising the steps of: (a) forming a first microstructured pattern in a first material; (b) replicating the first microstructured pattern in a second material to make a first mold comprising a second microstructured pattern in the second material; (c) replicating the second microstructured pattern in a third material to make a second mold comprising a third microstructured pattern comprising a plurality of microstructures in the third material; (d) replicating the third microstructured pattern in a metal material to make a replicated structure; and (e) removing the third material resulting in a nozzle having a plurality of through-holes through the metal material and corresponding to the plurality of microstructures in the third microstructured pattern. Each of the plurality of through-holes has a hole wall connecting a hole entry to a hole exit, and the hole wall of at least one through-hole has a side that curves from its hole entry to its hole exit.

Abstract: A fuel injector nozzle comprising a plurality of holes formed therethrough connecting one side of the nozzle with an opposite side of the nozzle. Each of the holes comprises a hole entry on the one side of the nozzle having a first shape, a hole exit on the opposite side of the nozzle having a second shape, and a hole wall connecting the hole entry to the hole exit. The hole exit is smaller than the hole entry, and the hole wall comprises a side that is continuously curved from the hole entry to the hole exit.

Abstract: A portable device includes an outer housing including an inlet port and a outer slot adapted to receive a vapor sensor card; an operating circuit disposed at least partially within the outer housing; a sensor holder at least partially disposed within the outer housing. The sensor holder includes: an inner housing including a gas intake chamber in downstream fluid communication with the inlet port. The gas intake chamber has a gas outlet in fluid communication with an inner slot retaining a sensor card socket for engaging the vapor sensor card. The sensor holder further comprises an electrical heater element, a fan, and a turbulent-flow-inducing member. The vapor sensor card comprises a sensor housing and a capacitive sensor element.

Abstract: Lightguides, devices incorporating lightguides, processes for making lightguides, and tools used to make lightguides are described. A lightguide includes light extractors arranged in a plurality of regions on a surface of the lightguide. The orientation of light extractors in each region is arranged to enhance uniformity and brightness across a surface of the lightguide and to provide enhanced defect hiding. The efficiency of the light extractors is controlled by the angle of a given light extractor face with respect to a light source illuminating the light guide.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a fuel injector nozzle comprising the steps of: (a) forming a first microstructured pattern in a first material; (b) replicating the first microstructured pattern in a second material to make a first mold comprising a second microstructured pattern in the second material; (c) replicating the second microstructured pattern in a third material to make a second mold comprising a third microstructured pattern comprising a plurality of microstructures in the third material; (d) replicating the third microstructured pattern in a metal material to make a replicated structure; and (e) removing the third material resulting in a nozzle having a plurality of through-holes through the metal material and corresponding to the plurality of microstructures in the third microstructured pattern. Each of the plurality of through-holes has a hole wall connecting a hole entry to a hole exit, and the hole wall of at least one through-hole has a side that curves from its hole entry to its hole exit.

Abstract: A fuel injector nozzle comprising a plurality of holes formed therethrough connecting one side of the nozzle with an opposite side of the nozzle. Each of the holes comprises a hole entry on the one side of the nozzle having a first shape, a hole exit on the opposite side of the nozzle having a second shape, and a hole wall connecting the hole entry to the hole exit. The hole exit is smaller than the hole entry, and the hole wall comprises a side that is continuously curved from the hole entry to the hole exit.

Abstract: An apparatus for debriding a wound is provided. The apparatus comprises a curette head having a plurality of blades extending from a base. Each blade of the plurality of blades comprises a debridement edge and a longitudinal dimension. At least one first hollow channel extends through the first blade along the longitudinal dimension from a first opening proximate the base to at least one second opening that is integrated in the debridement edge of the first blade or that is disposed in a major surface of the first blade proximate the debridement edge. Methods of using the apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a nozzle that includes providing a first material capable of undergoing multiphoton reaction; forming a first microstructured pattern in the first material using a multiphoton process; replicating the first microstructured pattern in a second material to make a first mold comprising a second microstructured pattern in the second material; replicating the second microstructured pattern in a third material to make a second mold comprising a third microstructured pattern comprising microstructures in the third material; replicating the third microstructured pattern in a fourth material to make a replicated structure; planarizing the replicated structure to expose tops of the microstructures in the plurality of microstructures in the third microstructured pattern; and removing the third material resulting in the nozzle having a plurality of holes in the fourth material.

Abstract: Light guides comprising light extraction structure arrays and articles comprising such light guides are described.

Abstract: A portable device includes an outer housing including an inlet port and a outer slot adapted to receive a vapor sensor card; an operating circuit disposed at least partially within the outer housing; a sensor holder at least partially disposed within the outer housing. The sensor holder includes: an inner housing including a gas intake chamber in downstream fluid communication with the inlet port. The gas intake chamber has a gas outlet in fluid communication with an inner slot retaining a sensor card socket for engaging the vapor sensor card. The sensor holder further comprises an electrical heater element, a fan, and a turbulent-flow-inducing member. The vapor sensor card comprises a sensor housing and a capacitive sensor element.

Abstract: Lightguides, devices incorporating lightguides, processes for making lightguides, and tools used to make lightguides are described. A lightguide includes light extractors arranged in a plurality of regions on a surface of the lightguide. The orientation of light extractors in each region is arranged to enhance uniformity and brightness across a surface of the lightguide and to provide enhanced defect hiding. The efficiency of the light extractors is controlled by the angle of a given light extractor face with respect to a light source illuminating the light guide.

Abstract: Lightguides, devices incorporating lightguides, processes for making lightguides, and tools used to make lightguides are described. A lightguide includes light extractors arranged in a plurality of regions on a surface of the lightguide. The orientation of light extractors in each region is arranged to enhance uniformity and brightness across a surface of the lightguide and to provide enhanced defect hiding. The efficiency of the light extractors is controlled by the angle of a given light extractor face with respect to a light source illuminating the light guide.

Abstract: Nozzle and a method of making the same are disclosed.

Abstract: A process comprises imagewise exposing at least a portion of a photoreactive composition to light sufficient to cause simultaneous absorption of at least two photons/thereby inducing at least one acid- or radical-initiated chemical reaction where the composition is exposed to the light, the imagewise exposing being carried out in a pattern that is effective to define at least the surface of a plurality of light extraction structures. Each one of the array of light extraction structures has at least one shape factor; the shape factor may vary across the array. At least one light extraction structure may have the geometric configuration of a truncated asphere.

Abstract: A process comprises imagewise exposing at least a portion of a photoreactive composition to light sufficient to cause simultaneous absorption of at least two photons, thereby inducing at least one acid- or radical-initiated chemical reaction where the composition is exposed to the light, the imagewise exposing being carried out in a pattern that is effective to define at least the surface of a plurality of light extraction structures.

Abstract: A process comprises imagewise exposing at least a portion of a photoreactive composition to light sufficient to cause simultaneous absorption of at least two photons, thereby inducing at least one acid- or radical-initiated chemical reaction where the composition is exposed to the light, the imagewise exposing being carried out in a pattern that is effective to define at least the surface of a plurality of light extraction structures.

Abstract: A process comprises imagewise exposing at least a portion of a photoreactive composition to light sufficient to cause simultaneous absorption of at least two photons/thereby inducing at least one acid- or radical-initiated chemical reaction where the composition is exposed to the light, the imagewise exposing being carried out in a pattern that is effective to define at least the surface of a plurality of light extraction structures. Each one of the array of light extraction structures has at least one shape factor; the shape factor may vary across the array. At least one light extraction structure may have the geometric configuration of a truncated asphere.