Abstract: A method of protecting a wind turbine comprising including a monitoring device is provided, the method including (a) receiving a trigger signal from the monitoring device, the trigger signal indicating that a protective measure is to be applied, (b) starting a countdown for a predetermined countdown period and initiating a trigger signal evaluation process, (c) if the trigger signal evaluation process determines that the trigger signal is invalid before the countdown ends: ignoring the received trigger signal, and (d) if the countdown ends: apply the protective measure indicated by the trigger signal.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for decoding expected block messages transmitted as radio signals over an air interface in interleaved bursts from a shorter received burst. A method for detecting certain expected messages from received bursts is described, comprising: receiving a one to m bursts of n bursts of an interleaved block message; retrieving stored values for the expected m+1 to n bursts of the interleaved block message; forming an expected interleaved block message; deinterleaving and decoding the expected block message; determining from an error checking whether the expected block message is valid; and if valid, indicating the expected block message was received after receiving only the m bursts. Apparatuses are described for a receiver configured to detect an expected message after receiving m transmitted bursts of an interleaved n burst block message. The expected message may be an empty paging channel or broadcast message.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing frequency error estimation may include at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured, with the processor, to cause the apparatus to perform at least receiving, at a receiving station, data descriptive of a received signal provided from a transmitting station, receiving confirmation data descriptive of a signal transmitted by the transmitting station corresponding to the received signal, and performing an error characteristic determination associated with operation of the receiving station. The error characteristic may define a probabilistic value of the error characteristic given the received signal and the corresponding confirmation data. A corresponding method and computer program product are also provided.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for decoding expected block messages transmitted as radio signals over an air interface in interleaved bursts from a shorter received burst. A method for detecting certain expected messages from received bursts is described, comprising: receiving a one to m bursts of n bursts of an interleaved block message; retrieving stored values for the expected m+1 to n bursts of the interleaved block message; forming an expected interleaved block message; deinterleaving and decoding the expected block message; determining from an error checking whether the expected block message is valid; and if valid, indicating the expected block message was received after receiving only the m bursts. Apparatuses are described for a receiver configured to detect an expected message after receiving m transmitted bursts of an interleaved n burst block message. The expected message may be an empty paging channel or broadcast message.

Abstract: A transmitter for transmitting signals over a communication channel, the signals comprising reference information known to a receiver arranged to receive the transmitted signals, the transmitter comprising: a modulator arranged to modulate a first data signal with a second data signal comprising reference information known to the receiver to generate a modulated data signal; and a transmitter arranged to transmit the modulated data signal.