Abstract: A system for determining position comprises at least one transmitter connected to the object, at least two stationary receivers, and means for determining the phase difference with which the signal of the transmitter arrives at the two receivers. Compared to conventional radio direction finding (decca direction finding), transmission takes place only at the location of the mobile object. This has the effect that only one transmitter having very small dimensions and very low power consumption is required at the location of the mobile object. At least one pair of two stationary receivers is used for operation to determine at least one space coordinate of the object position, the measuring region for the object position being located between these receivers at this space coordinate. The position can be determined with high accuracy if the three space coordinates thereof are determined separately using at least one dedicated receiver pair.

Abstract: Method for analyzing a primary neutron beam of a neutron source, a neutron source having a beam monitor, and a beam monitor. Fission chambers which are arranged in the primary neutron beam are known as beam monitors. Fission processes initiated by the neutrons produce in the fission chambers free charge carriers which, given an applied electric voltage, effect an ionization current pulse by means of which the neutron is counted. Produced as by-product during fission are undesired fast neutrons and high-energy gamma radiation. In addition, the flux of slow neutrons can be substantially attenuated by the gas filling of the fission chambers. These disadvantages can be avoided in the case of the novel method, the novel neutron source and the novel beam monitor. Neutrons are scattered incoherently out of the primary neutron beam (1) by means of a scattering foil (4). A portion of the scattered neutrons (5) strike a detector device (6) which is arranged outside the primary neutron beam (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to an evaluation unit to evaluate detector events registered by one or more detectors, whereby the evaluation unit contains signal processors that serve to process the signals from the detectors. According to the invention, the evaluation unit is characterized in that it has at least one distributor that relays the signals from the detector to at least one selected signal processor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor for measuring a magnetic field. The inventive sensor has a high level of measuring sensitivity compared to a Hall probe, comprising several electrically semiconductive layers. The layers are arranged in the form of a power diode connected in the reverse direction, consisting of an anodelayer, a cathode layer and an intrinsically conductive layer enclosed between the two. The anode layer is subdivided by insulation sections into several anode layer areas, these areas being insulated from each other. The cathode layer has an injector area on the areas opposite the insulation sections which is oppositely doped. An electron beam is formed between the injector area and the anode by applying an injection voltage to the injector area. The electron beam is distributed across the areas of the earthed anode layer areas in the form of uniform partial currents.

Abstract: In a neutron detector for the detection of thermal neutrons .sub.6 LiF layers are provided for the conversion of the neutrons to ionizing radiation and the .sub.6 LiF layers are surrounded by layers for detecting the ionizing radiation generated by the neutrons in the .sup.6 LiF layers.

Abstract: A process for determining the density distribution of positrons in human tissue in which the amount of position data stored in the computer memory from two parallel photomultiplier local position .gamma.-detectors is limited by a random-event generator connected to the computer.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for dividing an input signal A by a signal B, for eple for use in localizing radiation detection, has a dividing analog-to-digital converter receiving an addition signal A+q.times.B as well as the divisor signal B to form the quotient (A+q.times.B)/B from which a digital random value r is subtracted, where r corresponds to q. The ADC can be a Flash ADC and the resulting circuit has good differential linearity and is fast.

Abstract: A target rotated about an axis is subjected to large surface irradiation by ons which spread in the direction of the target from a focus and in which peripheral ions are reflected inwardly, preferably by an array of electrode elements of alternatingly opposite polarity so that the reflecting electrostatic field is located only at the periphery of the beam and immediately adjacent the interior of the ion reflector.

Abstract: A device for the reflection of low-energy ions defines an ion guide with an array of electrode elements elongated transversely to the direction of the ion beam and in closely spaced relationship with the alternating electrode elements having the same potential but opposite polarity.