Abstract: Filters comprising a filter arm comprising a plurality of hollow elements in fluid communication with each other, the hollow elements having porous walls, the filter arm having a first and a second end; a hollow transition element comprising a collector having a side wall, a central cavity, an upper closed end and a lower open end; and a hollow transition element arm having a first and a second transition arm end, and a porous side wall; wherein the first transition arm end is in fluid communication with the second end of the filter arm; and the second transition arm is connected to the side wall of the collector, and is in fluid communication with the central cavity of the collector; and, a hollow base having a side wall, and a base outlet port, wherein the hollow base connected to, and in fluid communication with, the collector; filter devices including the filters, and methods of filtration using the filters, are disclosed.

Abstract: Filters comprising at least one filter arm comprising a plurality of hollow elements in fluid communication with each other, the hollow elements having porous walls, the at least one filter arm having a first end and a second end; and, a hollow base having a side wall, and a base outlet port, wherein the hollow base is in fluid communication with the at least one filter arm, wherein the second end of the at least one filter arm is connected to the hollow base; filter devices including the filters, and methods of using the filters, are disclosed.

Abstract: Filter arrangements comprising a plurality of radially arranged filters, each filter comprising a plurality of arms, each arm comprising a hollow tube having porous side wall, each hollow tube having an open first end and an open second end, and a tube inner fluid channel having an inner diameter; the filter further including a first tube connector, comprising a first hollow body having porous side walls and a first hollow body inner diameter, connected to, and in fluid communication with, the hollow tubes, and a second tube connector, comprising a second hollow body having a second hollow body inner diameter, connected to, and in fluid communication with, the first hollow body, and filter devices including filter arrangements, and methods of use are disclosed.

Abstract: Filters comprising a filter arm comprising a plurality of hollow elements in fluid communication with each other, the hollow elements having porous walls, the filter arm having a first and a second end; a hollow transition element comprising a collector having a side wall, a central cavity, an upper closed end and a lower open end; and a hollow transition element arm having a first and a second transition arm end, and a porous side wall; wherein the first transition arm end is in fluid communication with the second end of the filter arm; and the second transition arm is connected to the side wall of the collector, and is in fluid communication with the central cavity of the collector; and, a hollow base having a side wall, and a base outlet port, wherein the hollow base connected to, and in fluid communication with, the collector; filter devices including the filters, and methods of filtration using the filters, are disclosed.

Abstract: Filters (including curved filters) and filter arrangements comprising a plurality of filter arms, each arm comprising a hollow tube, each hollow tube having a first end and a second end, and a tube inner fluid channel having an inner diameter; the filter further including a first tube connector, comprising a first hollow body having a first hollow body inner diameter, connected to, and in fluid communication with, the hollow tubes, wherein the first hollow body inner diameter is greater than the tube inner fluid channel inner diameters, and filter devices including filters and filter arrangements, and methods of use are disclosed.

Abstract: Filter arrangements comprising a plurality of radially arranged filters or radially arranged curved filters, each filter comprising a plurality of arms, each arm comprising a hollow tube, each hollow tube having a first end and a second end, and a tube inner fluid channel having an inner diameter; the filter further including a first tube connector, comprising a first hollow body having a first hollow body inner diameter, connected to, and in fluid communication with, the hollow tubes, and a second tube connector, comprising a second hollow body having a second hollow body inner diameter, connected to, and in fluid communication with, the first hollow body, and filter devices including filter arrangements, and methods of use are disclosed.

Abstract: Support and drainage materials, each comprising an element comprising a section having a first end and a second end, and a first major surface, and a plurality of parallel tapered flow channels extending from the first end to the second end, the tapered flow channels comprising tapered side walls arranged in parallel and projecting upwardly from, and perpendicular to, the first major surface, the tapered flow channels having a deeper end and a shallower end, and being deeper at the first end of the section than at the second end of the section, wherein the tapered flow channels are connected at the first end with a cross member, and connected at the second end with a cross member, filters including the materials, and methods of use are disclosed.

Abstract: Support and drainage materials, filter including the materials, and methods of use are disclosed.

Abstract: Support and drainage materials, filter including the materials, and methods of use are disclosed.

Abstract: Support and drainage materials, filter including the materials, and methods of use are disclosed.

Abstract: Support and drainage materials, filter including the materials, and methods of use are disclosed.

Abstract: Fluid treatment arrangements and methods involve a spirally wound fluid treatment pack. The fluid treatment pack includes a fluid treatment medium, a feed region, and a permeate region. The feed region extends along a feed surface of the fluid treatment medium and the permeate region extends along a permeate surface of the fluid treatment medium. The fluid treatment pack is spirally wound around a core assembly to form a plurality of windings of the feed region, a plurality of windings of the fluid treatment medium, and a plurality of windings of the permeate region.

Abstract: Fluid treatment arrangements and methods involve a spirally wound fluid treatment pack. The fluid treatment pack includes a fluid treatment medium, a feed region, and a permeate region. The feed region extends along a feed surface of the fluid treatment medium and the permeate region extends along a permeate surface of the fluid treatment medium. The fluid treatment pack is spirally wound around a core assembly to form a plurality of windings of the feed region, a plurality of windings of the fluid treatment medium, and a plurality of windings of the permeate region.

Abstract: An in-line filter includes a hollow base having first and second wall portions formed between its ends and a filter element mounted on the base. During use, the base of the filter is disposed inside a standard tubing connector, and the wall portions are resiliently deformed by the tubing connector such that the surfaces of the wall portions are pressed into sealing contact with internal surfaces of the tubing connector. The filter element connected to the base is disposed inside the tubing connector and/or tubing to which the tubing connector is attached. According to another form of the invention, a filter element includes a hollow base having a radially outwardly extending flange. An annular sealing member is mounted on the flange, and a filter element is mounted on the base. During use, the base of the filter is disposed inside a standard tubing connector, and the sealing member is pressed into sealing contact with internal surfaces of the tubing connector and with the flange.