Abstract: A hydrogen generating fuel cell includes an anode and a cathode separated by a channel configured to hold liquid water or water vapor. At least one of the anode and the cathode are porous. The hydrogen generating fuel cell includes a power source electrically connected to the anode and the cathode and an ultraviolet radiation source positioned to emit ultraviolet radiation from the anode to the cathode, the cathode to the anode, or both directions. A hydrogen generating system and a method of generating hydrogen are also disclosed.

Abstract: A hydrogen generating fuel cell includes an anode and a cathode separated by a channel configured to hold liquid water or water vapor. At least one of the anode and the cathode are porous. The hydrogen generating fuel cell includes a power source electrically connected to the anode and the cathode and an ultraviolet radiation source positioned to emit ultraviolet radiation from the anode to the cathode, the cathode to the anode, or both directions. A hydrogen generating system and a method of generating hydrogen are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cutter head for use in the removal of hard rock. The cutter head combines a standard cutting member, such as button bits or wedge-lock cutters, with cutting blades having a diamond cutting surface. The cutting blades cutting surface is positioned above the standard cutting members so that in operation, the cutting blades form grooves in the rock face and the standard cutting members fracture the rock adjacent the grooves through tensile forces.