Abstract: A plasma apparatus, various components of the plasma apparatus, and an oxygen free and nitrogen free processes for effectively removing photoresist material and post etch residues from a substrate with a carbon and/or hydrogen containing low k dielectric layer(s).

Abstract: A plasma ashing apparatus for removing organic matter from a substrate including a low k dielectric, comprising a first gas source; a plasma generating component in fluid communication with the first gas source; a process chamber in fluid communication with the plasma generating component; an exhaust conduit in fluid communication with the process chamber; wherein the exhaust conduit comprises an inlet for a second gas source and an afterburner assembly coupled to the exhaust conduit, wherein the inlet is disposed intermediate to the process chamber and an afterburner assembly, and wherein the afterburner assembly comprises means for generating a plasma within the exhaust conduit with or without introduction of a gas from the second gas source; and an optical emission spectroscopy device coupled to the exhaust conduit comprising collection optics focused within a plasma discharge region of the afterburner assembly.

Abstract: A golf car having a frame supported on a plurality of wheels, a pedal system, and a pedal arm assembly operably coupled to the pedal system for actuating either a brake system or drive system of the golf car. The pedal arm assembly includes an arm pivotally coupled at least indirectly to the frame and a pedal member extending therefrom. The pedal arm assembly is injection molded such that the arm and the pedal member are integrally molded as a single member that is generally resistant to corrosion. The pedal arm assembly may also include an internal reinforcement member that is encapsulated within the pedal arm assembly for improved structural rigidity.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake system includes a hydraulic accumulator that stores much of the energy generated upon brake pedal depression. The stored energy can be used to maintain the brakes in their fully engaged state and to help return an applied brake pedal to its released position, in which case return fluid flow to the master cylinder is damped to avoid undesirable severe kickback of the brake pedal. A booster is provided to automatically boost the energy storage capacity of the accumulator during normal brake and hold cycles in order to provide sufficient energy accumulation to compensate for relatively severe pressure drops occurring, e.g., during prolonged periods of storage at extremely low temperatures. The booster may comprise an indexing arm that is acted upon by the system's brake pedal to selectively move a variable thickness spacer on the indexing arm into and out of engagement with the accumulator.

Abstract: An annular mold for curing an annular ring tread is disclosed. The annular mold has a plurality of radially movable and outwardly expandable inner segments for forming the inner surface of the tread and a plurality of radially movable and inwardly contracting outer segments for forming the tread outer surface. The radially outer segments are parallelograms. Each outer segment when in a closed molding position spans across one full radially inner segment and portions of two adjacent inner segments. The radially outer segments have inclined laterally extending edges relative to the axial direction of the mold while the circumferentially extending axially outer edges are perpendicular to the axial direction of the mold. The inclined laterally extending edges are inclined at least 5°, preferably about 10° relative to the axial direction. In the preferred embodiment the mold has 12 outer segments, each segment being of an arc length of about 30°.

Abstract: A golf car having a hydraulic fluid brake system. The hydraulic fluid brake system is implemented as a disk brake system which is responsive to hydraulic fluid pressure generated from a master cylinder. A brake pedal and associated linkage provides input to a master cylinder to generate a hydraulic fluid pressure to control a brake caliper assembly. The brake pedal has a range of travel, where a first portion of the range defines a service mode of operation and a second portion of the range defines a parking mode of operation. In the parking mode of operation, the brake pedal and linkage engages a detent to maintain application of the brake to provide a parking mode of operation. An accumulator in the brake system provides an input force to maintain hydraulic fluid pressure sufficient to retain a parking mode of operation.

Abstract: A brake caliper includes a cast metal housing having a bore extending perpendicularly to a disc located adjacent the housing, at least one piston slidably mounted in the bore, and a brake pad mounted on the piston. A coolant passage, formed through the housing in liquid isolation from the bore, coupled to a source of liquid coolant. The coolant passage is a single-pass passage having a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. The coolant passage is configured to minimize turbulence of coolant flowing therethrough while still promoting effective heat transfer to the flowing coolant from the piston and brake fluid. Preferably, the housing is an aluminum housing formed from a single casting.

Abstract: A golf car having a hydraulic fluid brake system. The hydraulic fluid brake system is implemented as a disk brake system which is responsive to hydraulic fluid pressure generated from a master cylinder. A brake pedal and associated linkage provides input to a master cylinder to generate a hydraulic fluid pressure to control a brake caliper assembly. The brake pedal has a range of travel, where a first portion of the range defines a service mode of operation and a second portion of the range defines a parking mode of operation. In the parking mode of operation, the brake pedal and linkage engages a detent to maintain application of the brake to provide a parking mode of operation. An accumulator in the brake system provides an input force to maintain hydraulic fluid pressure sufficient to retain a parking mode of operation.

Abstract: Precision castings requiring a fine finish and having complex internal geometries can be produced by casting a semi-solid thixotropic metal alloy within or about a melt-away metal component in the form of a core and/or a die insert that has a lower melting point than the solid-to-semi-solid transition temperature of the thixotropic alloy The thixotropic alloy may be cast, e.g., by thixocasting, rheocasting, sub liquidus casting. Then, after the alloy solidifies to form a casting with a captured melt-away component, the component is melted from the casting, preferably using a liquid bath. Process robustness, speed, and versatility can be enhanced by coating the component with a thin, uniform, abrasion-resistant, and thermally resistant coating that prevents excessive heat from being transferred to the component from the alloy and that prevents the component from alloying with the casting.

Abstract: A system for acquiring, processing, storing, analyzing and reporting data relating to the condition of a road or other pavement surface (102) in real time. The system includes a digital camera (104) mounted on a vehicle and positioned relative to a pavement surface (102) so as to capture images of the pavement surface (102) while the camera (104) is moving relative to the surface (102). The system also includes an illumination assembly (100) to illuminate the region from which an image is taken and an interface between the digital camera (104) and at least one computer. The system also includes a processor in the computer for processing the images to detect and classify cracks and other pavement surface (102) features.

Abstract: A golf car having a frame supported on a plurality of wheels, a pedal system, and a pedal arm assembly operably coupled to the pedal system for actuating either a brake system or drive system of the golf car. The pedal arm assembly includes an arm pivotally coupled at least indirectly to the frame and a pedal member extending therefrom. The pedal arm assembly is injection molded such that the arm and the pedal member are integrally molded as a single member that is generally resistant to corrosion. The pedal arm assembly may also include an internal reinforcement member that is encapsulated within the pedal arm assembly for improved structural rigidity.

Abstract: The Intelligent Multiservice Access System (IMAS) enables support for the next generation of virtual connections. Regardless of whether the communications lines coupled to the inputs and outputs of the IMAS are based on SVC, PVC, or a combination of PVC and SVC, the IMAS can support SVCs for a more flexible, timely, efficient, and manageable connection. In the more typical configuration, the loop side of the IMAS is PVC-based because the modems do not support SVC signaling, and the telecommunications backbone side is capable of supporting SVC signaling even though existing DSLAMs do not employ SVC signaling logic. With SVC support, the IMAS assists the ATM network in hand crafting an SVC-based connection almost immediately between end users when the originating end user wants to make a call to a destination end user, and tear down that virtual connection almost immediately when that call has completed.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake system includes a hydraulic accumulator that stores much of the energy generated upon brake pedal depression. The stored energy can be used to maintain the brakes in their fully engaged state and to help return an applied brake pedal to its released position, in which case return fluid flow to the master cylinder is damped to avoid undesirable severe kickback of the brake pedal. A booster is provided to automatically boost the energy storage capacity of the accumulator during normal brake and hold cycles in order to provide sufficient energy accumulation to compensate for relatively severe pressure drops occurring, e.g., during prolonged periods of storage at extremely low temperatures. The booster may comprise an indexing arm that is acted upon by the system's brake pedal to selectively move a variable thickness spacer on the indexing arm into and out of engagement with the accumulator.

Abstract: Precision castings, such as brake calipers and other parts requiring a fine finish and having complex internal geometries, can be produced by casting a shot of a semi-solid thixotropic metal alloy about a core, preferably a hot-chamber die-cast core, having a lower melting point than the solid-to-semi-solid transition temperature of the thixotropic alloy. Then, after the shot solidifies to form a casting with a captured core, the core is melted from the casting in a liquid bath, in an air furnace, or during other heat treatment of the part. The process dramatically reduces or even eliminates machining requirements for cast metal parts because the inner surface of the casting is of extremely low porosity and meets stringent tolerance requirements and because the melt-away core can be formed with protrusions that prevent mechanical removal of the core from the casting and that form undercuts, threads, bores, etc. in the casting.

Abstract: A steering transmission transmits steering forces that must be transmitted from a steering mechanism, such as a steering wheel or handlebars, to a steered mechanism, such as the rudder of a boat or the steered wheel(s) of an off-road vehicle. The steering transmission includes one and preferably both of a multi-ratio speed changer and a torque gate. The multi-ratio speed changer preferably takes the form of one or more planetary gear sets coupling an input shaft of the transmission to a rotary output of the transmission. The speed changer is shifted by manually operating a shifter to switch between two or more distinct speed change ratios, thereby permitting the operator to select the combination of responsiveness and steering effort desired for the prevailing operating conditions. The torque gate preferably takes the form of a release driver, a locking driver, and a wrapped spring disposed between the release driver and the locking driver.

Abstract: A golf car having a hydraulic fluid brake system. The hydraulic fluid brake system is implemented as a disk brake system which is responsive to hydraulic fluid pressure generated from a master cylinder. A brake pedal and associated linkage provides input to a master cylinder to generate a hydraulic fluid pressure to control a brake caliper assembly. The brake pedal has a range of travel, where a first portion of the range defines a service mode of operation and a second portion of the range defines a parking mode of operation. In the parking mode of operation, the brake pedal and linkage engages a detent to maintain application of the brake to provide a parking mode of operation. An accumulator in the brake system provides an input force to maintain hydraulic fluid pressure sufficient to retain a parking mode of operation.

Abstract: A pallet (2) has a substantially planar deck (6), a supporting structure (10) that supports the deck (6) above the ground, and a plurality of retractable locating means (20). Each locating means (20) is adjustable between a first position in which the locating means extends above the deck (6) to engage and limit movement of articles placed on that surface, and a second position in which the locating means is located at or below the deck (6), such that the surface is substantially unobstructed.

Abstract: A golf car having a frame supported on a plurality of wheels and a bracket member fixedly coupled to the frame. A brake pedal assembly and an accelerator pedal assembly are pivotally coupled to the bracket member such that the brake pedal and accelerator pedal are disposed in a generally suspended position behind the cowling, rather than a floor mounted position. This arrangement maximizes the ergonomic placement of the pedals, and minimizes corrosion due to exposure to moisture and chemicals and damaged caused by contact with brush and debris.

Abstract: A golf car having a hydraulic fluid brake system. The hydraulic fluid brake system is implemented as a disk brake system which is responsive to hydraulic fluid pressure generated from a master cylinder. A brake pedal and associated linkage provides input to a master cylinder to generate a hydraulic fluid pressure to control a brake caliper assembly. The brake pedal has a range of travel, where a first portion of the range defines a service mode of operation and a second portion of the range defines a parking mode of operation. In the parking mode of operation, the brake pedal and linkage engages a detent to maintain application of the brake to provide a parking mode of operation. An accumulator in the brake system provides an input force to maintain hydraulic fluid pressure sufficient to retain a parking mode of operation.

Abstract: Precision castings such as brake calipers and other cast metal parts requiring a fine finish and having complex internal geometries can be produced by casting a shot of a semi-solid thixotropic metal alloy in a die having one or more inserts that have a lower melting point than the solid-to-semi-solid transition temperature of the thixotropic alloy. A core of the same or similar material may also be placed in the die between the inserts. Then, after the shot solidifies to form a casting, the inserts and core (if present) are melted from the casting.